R.12: Immediately give the result of an explicit resource allocation to a manager object
R.12:立即将显式分配的资源交给资源管理对象
Reason(原因)
If you don't, an exception or a return may lead to a leak.
如果不这样做，发生异常或者返回操作时可能会引发泄露。
Example, bad(反面示例)
void f(const string& name)
{
FILE* f = fopen(name, "r"); // open the file
vector<char> buf(1024);
auto _ = finally([f] { fclose(f); }); // remember to close the file
// ...
}
The allocation of buf may fail and leak the file handle.
如果分配buffer失败（抛出异常，译者注）就会导致文件句柄的泄露。
Example(示例)
void f(const string& name)
{
ifstream f{name}; // open the file
vector<char> buf(1024);
// ...
}
The use of the file handle (in ifstream) is simple, efficient, and safe.
(使用ifstream管理)文件句柄的用法简单、高效而且安全。
Enforcement(实施建议)
-
Flag explicit allocations used to initialize pointers (problem: how many direct resource allocations can we recognize?)
-
标记使用显式分配的资源初始化指针的情况(问题是：我们能够识别出多少直接分配资源的情况？)
原文链接：
https://github/isocpp/CppCoreGuidelines/blob/master/CppCoreGuidelines.md#r12-immediately-give-the-result-of-an-explicit-resource-allocation-to-a-manager-object
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