2024年4月29日发(作者：)

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！ 住在富人区的她

2022年考研考博-考博英语-西安电子科技大学考试全真模拟易错、难

点剖析AB卷（带答案）

一.综合题(共15题)

1.

翻译题

Simplicity is the outward sign and symbol of depth of thought. It seems to me simplicity is

about the most difficult thing to achieve in scholarship and writing. How difficult is clarity

of thought, and yet it is only as thought becomes clear that simplicity is possible. When we

see a writer belaboring and idea we may be sure that the idea is belaboring him. This is

proved by the general fact that the lectures of a young college assistant instructor, freshly

graduated with high honors, are generally abstruse and involved, and the true simplicity of

thought and ease of expression are to be found only in the words of the older professors.

Simplicity presupposes digestion and also maturity: as we grow older, our thoughts become

clearer, insignificant and perhaps false aspects of a question are cut off and cease to

disturb us, ideas take on more definite shapes and long trains of thought gradually shape

themselves into a convenient formula which suggests itself to us one fine morning, and we

arrive at that true luminosity of knowledge which is called wisdom. There is no longer sense

of effort, and truth becomes simple to understand because it becomes clear.

【答案】简朴是思想深度的外在标志和象征。在我看来，简朴是在学术和写作中最难做到的事情。思想清

晰是很难的，然而只有当思想变得清晰时，简朴才会实现。当我们看到一个作家绞尽脑汁的时候，或许这

个想法正在折磨他。这一观点通常被如下事实所证明：一个刚毕业的高材生做了学校的助教，他写出的文

章通常深奥难懂，而只有老教授才能有简明的思想和简易的表达。

简朴意味着领悟和成熟。随着年龄的增长，我们的思想会变得更清晰，无用或者错误的东西将不会困扰我

们。思想更明确，而且经过长期的训练，我们的思想逐渐形成了它自己简明的模式，这暗示了思想清晰的

开始。届时，我们的思想达到了真正的高度，这就叫“智慧”。于是，真理变得简单，而且理解不费力，

因为它变得更清晰了。

2.

问题1选项

x

ice

a

ct

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A. paradox 矛盾的人（或事物、情况） B. prejudice 偏见；成见

C. dilemma （进退两难的）窘境；困境 D. conflict 冲突；争执

【答案】A

【考查点】名词辨析。

【解题思路】句意：我们工作是为了赚钱，但一个……的现象是，长期努力工作的人往往赚不到最多的钱。

根据句意，工作是为了赚钱，但是最努力工作的人却赚不到最多的钱，这是一个矛盾的事情。因此选A。

【干扰项排除】

B、C选项均不符合句意；

D选项conflict“冲突；争执”，指有相反的想法、意见、感情或愿望的情况；很难选择的情况。该选项

不符合语境。

【句意】我们工作是为了赚钱，但一个自相矛盾的现象是，长期努力工作的人往往赚不到最多的钱。

3.

翻译题

晶体管（transistor）与电子管（electron tube）相比有好多优点（advantage）。

【答案】Transistor has many advantages over electron tube.

4.

单选题

We work to make money, but it’s a ____ that people who work hard and long often do not make

the most money.

单选题

I am feeling too tired to drive any more, will you ____?

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！ 住在富人区的她

问题1选项

over

over

over

over

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A. turn over 翻转 B. take over 接替

C. hand over （把某事）交给……负责 D. go over 仔细检查

【答案】B

【考查点】词组辨析。

【解题思路】句意：我累得不能再开车了，你可以……吗？根据句意，可知他已经很累了，不想继续开车，

希望另一个人接替他开车。因此选B。

【干扰项排除】

C选项hand over“（把某事）交给……负责”指如果把某物移交给某人，就是把处理特定情况或问题的

责任交给他们。该选项不符合语境；

A、D选项均不符合句意。

【句意】我觉得太累了，不能再开车了，你能代替我吗？

5.

【解析】【选项释义】

A. simultaneously 同时地 B. spontaneously 自发地；自然地

C. homogeneously 同样地 D. contemporarily 当今；时下

【答案】A

【考查点】副词辨析。

【解题思路】句意：光纤电缆可以……传输数百个电话通话。光线电缆指的是利用光导纤维可进行光纤通

信。光纤通信与电波通信相比，光纤通信能提供更多的通信通路，可满足大容量通信系统的需要。由此可

推断，根据逻辑，光线电缆能够同时传输数个电话通话。因此选A。

【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项均无法与空格前后构成相应逻辑关系。

【句意】光纤电缆可以同时传送数百个电话。

6.

单选题

Fiber-optic cables can carry hundreds of telephone conversations ____.

问题1选项

aneously

neously

neously

porarily

【答案】A

单选题

The ____ of tests in the United States institutions can be a new and frightening experience

for many foreign students.

问题1选项

ce

ncy

ency

ence

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A. presence 存在；出席 B. frequency 发生率；出现率

C. efficiency 效率；效能 D. confidence 信心；信任

【答案】A

【考查点】名词辨析。

【解题思路】句意：对许多外国学生来说，美国教育机构考试的……可能是一种新的可怕的经历。根据句

意，应该是这些考试的存在让外国学生感到害怕。因此选A。

【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项均不符合句意。

【句意】对许多外国学生来说，在美国院校进行考试可能是一种新的、令人恐惧的经历。

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！ 住在富人区的她

7.

单选题

In making a copy of oneself or some famous person, a parent is deliberately specifying the

way he or she wishes that child to develop.

问题1选项

ously

cuously

ively

ionally

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A. frivolously 轻浮地；愚昧地 B. conspicuously 显著地；明显地

C. obsessively 过分地；着迷地 D. intentionally 故意地；有意地

【答案】D

【考查点】副词辨析。

【解题思路】根据句意：在复制自己或某个名人的时候，父母是在故意指定他或她希望孩子发展的方式。

划线词deliberately意为“故意地”，选项D与之意思相近，因此选D。

【干扰项排除】A、B、C选项均不符合句意。

【句意】在复制自己或某个名人的时候，父母是在故意指定他或她希望孩子发展的方式。

8.

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A. in the end 终于；最后 B. at the end 最终；最后

C. to the end 到底 D. on end 连续地

【答案】D

【考查点】词组辨析。

【解题思路】句意：在七、八月份，有好几个星期……没有下雨。根据句意，可推测，这两个月份中，有

一段时间连续几周不下雨。因此选D。

【干扰项排除】A、B、C选项均不符合句意。

【句意】在七、八月份，连续几周没有下雨。

9.

单选题

During July and August there was no rain for weeks ____.

问题1选项

the end

the end

the end

end

单选题

The concept of personal choice in relation to health behaviors is an important one. An

estimated 90 percent of all illnesses may be preventable if individuals would make sound

personal health choices and do not like to see it restricted when it is within the legal and

moral boundaries of society. The structure of American society allows us to make almost all

our own personal decisions that may concern our health. If we so desire, we can smoke, drink

excessively refuse to wear seat belts, eat whatever foods we want and live a completely

sedentary life style without any exercise. The freedom to make such personal decisions is a

fundamental aspect of our society although the wisdom of these decisions can be questioned.

Personal choices relative to health often cause a difficulty. As one example a teenager may

know the facts relative to smoking cigarettes and health but may be pressured by friends into

believing it is the socially accepted thing to do.

A multitude of factors both inherited and environmental influence the development of health

related behaviors and it is beyond the scope of this text to discuss all these factors as

they may affect any given individual. However the decision to adopt a particular health

related behavior is usually one of personal choices. There are healthy choices and there are

unhealthy choices. In discussing the morals of personal choice Fries and Grapo drew a

comparison. They suggest that to knowingly give oneself over to a behavior that has a

statistical probability of shortening life is similar to attempting suicide. Thus for those

individuals who are interested in preserving both the quality and quantity of life, personal

health choices should reflect those behaviors that are associated with a statistical

probability of increased vitality and longevity．

1. The concept of personal choice concerning health is important because ____.

2. To “live a completely sedentary life-style” (Para. 1) in the passage means ____.

3. Sound personal health choice is often difficult to make because ____.

4. To knowingly allow oneself to pursue unhealthy habits is compared by Fries and Crapo to

____．

5. According to Fries and Crapo sound health choices should be based on ____.

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！ 住在富人区的她

问题1选项

al health choice help cure most illness

helps raise the level of our medical knowledge

is essential to personal freedom in American society

decisions could lead to poor health

问题2选项

“live an inactive life”

“live a decent life”

“live a life with complete freedom”

“live a life of vice”

问题3选项

t medical knowledge is still insufficient

are many factors influencing our decisions

people are willing to trade the quality of life for the quantity of life

are usually influenced by the behavior of their friends

问题4选项

ing the quality of one’s life

ng one’s personal health choice

rately ending one’s life

ng the rules of social behavior

问题5选项

al decisions

y’s laws

tical evidence

s’ opinions

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:C

【解析】1. 【选项释义】

The concept of personal choice concerning health is important because ____. 关于健康的个人

选择概念很重要，因为____。

A. personal health choice help cure most illness A. 个人健康选择有助于治愈大多数疾病

B. it helps raise the level of our medical knowledge B. 它有助于提高我们的医学知识水平

C. it is essential to personal freedom in American society C. 它对美国社会的个人自由至关重

要

D. wrong decisions could lead to poor health D. 错误的决定会导致健康状况不佳

【答案】D

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据题干信息可定位到第一段第二句“如果每个人都能做出明智的个人健康选择，并且不愿

意看到它在社会的法律和道德范围内被限制，那么估计90%的疾病是可以预防的。”由此可知，正确的个

人健康选择可以预防疾病，因此可以推断错误的选择会对健康有害。因此选D。

【干扰项排除】

A选项“个人健康选择有助于治愈大多数疾病”，文中提到“如果每个人都能做出明智的个人健康选择，

并且不愿意看到它在社会的法律和道德范围内被限制，那么估计90%的疾病是可以预防的。”可知个人健

康选择可以预防疾病，而并不是治愈疾病，该选项属于偷换概念；

B选项“它有助于提高我们的医学知识水平”，文中没有提及，该选项属于无中生有；

C选项“它对美国社会的个人自由至关重要”，文中没有提及，该选项属于无中生有。

2. 【选项释义】

To “live a completely sedentary life-style” (Para. 1) in the passage means ____. “过一种

完全久坐的生活方式”(第1段)在文中的意思是____。

A. to “live an inactive life” A. “过一种不活跃的生活”