2024年4月28日发(作者：)

M7U1 GRAMMAR 导学案

及 物 动 词 与 不 及 物 动 词 用法小结

【语境展示】

1. a. The table was covered with dishes of hot food.

b. The trip was organized by the teachers of our school.

2. a. Finally, the police discovered the truth.

b. People have a right to decide how to spend their own money.

3. a. Daddy, could you buy me a box of chocolates, please?

b. We have sent her a letter of apology.

4. a. They selected the young man leader of the group.

b. The coming of radio made ocean-sailing much safer.

c. At that point, Miss Stewart wished herself home.

d. The little boy saw the kite up and down.

e. When Jim answered the question, he could hear his heart beating fast.

f. The teacher told the children to sit down quietly.

5. a. People differ from one another in their ability to handle stress.

b. Why do you look at me like that?

6. a. Don’t pour poisons into these containers.

b. 35,000 tons of oil poured into the sea.

7. a. I’ve been studying English for 6 years.

b. Stephen is currently studying at the University of Exeter.

8. a. That shop sells toys.

b. Toys sell very quickly.

9. a. The government will open the port to foreign ships.

b. His understanding opened with the years.

10. a. It was forty-five minutes before she returned.

b. I returned the books to the library.

【归纳】

一、及物动词（Transitive verbs）

1. 大多数及物动词可用于被动语态（如第1组例句）；

2. 其后可跟一个宾语（如第2组例句）；

3. 其后可跟双宾语（如第3组例句）；

4. 其后可跟“宾语+宾语补足语”结构，宾语补足语可由名词、形容词、副词、介

词短语、非谓语动词来充当（如第4组例句）。

二、不及物动词（Intransitive verbs）

1. 不用于被动语态，通常其后不直接跟宾语；若要跟宾语，需借助某个介词（如

第5组例句）；

2. 其后可跟作状语的介词短语或副词（如例句7b、8b）。

三、兼作及物动词和不及物动词的动词

英语中有很多动词兼作及物动词和不及物动词，有时意思基本相同（如第6-8 组

例句），有时意思完全不同（如第9、10 组例句）。

【即学即用】

I. 阅读下面短文，并根据短文给方框中的单词归类。

Dear Sam,

Please help me. I don’t like my new job. For one thing, the day begins very early. I

arrive before 7:00 every morning. The office isn’t very comfortable. We work in a

large open space. It’s too noisy. I really need a private space. Another problem is my

team leader. I don’t think I can trust her. She seemed nice at first, but lately she’s been

unfriendly.

Should I discuss my concerns with my boss? I tried to explain my feelings to a

co-worker, but he didn’t listen to me. I don’t think he has the same concerns. I feel

confused. Should I quit or stay? I hope you can give me some advice and talk to me.

Many thanks,

Martin

like begin arrive work need trust discuss try explain quit hope talk

Transitive verbs:

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

Intransitive verbs:

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

II. 单项填空。

1. Parents _____ much importance to education. They will do their best to give their

children that priceless gift.

A. attach B. pay C. link D. apply

2. —How did you like Nick’s performance last night?

—To be honest, his singing didn’t_____ to me much.

A. appeal B. belong C. refer D. occur

3. The new movie_______ to be one of the biggest money-makers of all time.

A. promises B. agrees C. pretends D. opposes

4. Just as Professor Scotti often_____ it, success is ninety-nine percent mental

attitude.

A. gets B. makes C. puts D. means

5. The Somali robbers’ frequent attacks on the sea urged the United Nations to______

all nations to take immediate action.

A. fight for B. apply for C. call on D. wait on

6. The good thing about children is that they_____ very easily to new environments.

A. adapt B. appeal C. attach D. apply

7. —Are you happy with your new computer>

—No, it is____ me a lot of trouble.

A. showing B. leaving C. giving D. sparing

8. It was already past midnight and only three young men_____ in the tea house.

A. left B. remained C. delayed D. deserted

9. Someone who lacks staying power and perseverance is unlikely to______ a good

teacher.

A. make B. turn C. get D. grow

10. The doctor said jokingly that his own infection of the virus ______ the discovery

of a vaccine（疫苗）of the disease.

A. stood for B. called for C. paid for D. contributed to

11.—Shall I pick you up tonight?

—No, thanks. Don’t ______ to come. I can take a taxi.

A. have B. bother C. worry D. annoy

12. Many people are curious about what it was that ______ you to leave America for

China.

A. led B. let C. made D. had

13. Now that you have accepted the task, the only thing you can de now is ______ on

how to fulfill it.

A. reflect B. try C. think D. act

14. —Why are the housing prices in big cities increasing？

—Because people are ______ in great numbers.

A. breaking B. filling C. pouring D. hurrying

15. The discovery of gold in Australia led thousands to believe that a fortune ______.

A. is made B. would make C. was to be made D. had made

16. In the spoken English of some areas in the US, the “r” sounds at the end of the

words ______.

A. are dropped B. drop C. are being dropped D. have dropped

17. Linda, make sure the tables ______ before the guests arrive.

A. be set B. set C. are set D. are setting

18. When it comes to _____ in public, no one can match him. （江西2014）

A. speak B. speaking C. being spoken D. be spoken

19. Listening to music at home is one thing, going to hear it _____ live is quite

another. （浙江2015）

A. perform B. performing C. to perform D. being performed

20. Back from his two-year medical service in Africa, Dr. Lee was very happy to see

his mother _____ good care of at home. （陕西2015）

A. taking B. taken C. take D. be taken

答案

I. Transitive verbs: like, need, trust, discuss, explain, hope

Intransitive verbs: begin, arrive, work, try, quit, talk

II. 1-5 AAACC 6-10 ADBAD 11-15 BAACC

16-20ACBDB