2024年4月10日发(作者：)

眼压操作流程及标准

英文回答：

Eye pressure, also known as intraocular pressure (IOP),

is a vital measurement in ophthalmology. It refers to the

pressure within the eye, which is determined by the balance

between the production and drainage of the aqueous humor,

the fluid inside the eye. Abnormal eye pressure can lead to

various eye conditions, including glaucoma, a serious eye

disease that can cause vision loss if left untreated.

The process of measuring eye pressure involves using a

device called a tonometer. There are different types of

tonometers, but the most common method is the Goldmann

applanation tonometry. In this method, the patient is

seated comfortably and numbing eye drops are administered

to the eye to reduce any discomfort. The tonometer, which

consists of a small probe attached to a device, is then

gently placed on the cornea. The device measures the force

required to flatten a small area of the cornea, which is

directly related to the eye pressure.

The standard range for normal eye pressure is typically

between 10 and 21 mmHg (millimeters of mercury). However,

it is important to note that individual variations exist,

and some people may have higher or lower baseline eye

pressures without any signs of eye disease. In cases where

the eye pressure is consistently above the normal range,

further evaluation is required to determine if it is

indicative of glaucoma or other eye conditions.

If elevated eye pressure is detected, additional tests

may be performed to assess the health of the optic nerve

and the visual field. These tests can help determine if

there is any damage to the eye as a result of increased

pressure. Treatment options for elevated eye pressure

depend on the underlying cause and may include the use of

eye drops, oral medications, laser therapy, or surgery.

Regular eye examinations are crucial in monitoring eye

pressure and detecting any changes that may indicate the

presence of eye conditions. It is recommended to have a

comprehensive eye exam, including eye pressure measurement,

at least once every two years for individuals aged 18 to 60,

and annually for individuals over 60 or those with known

risk factors for eye diseases.

中文回答：

眼压，也称为眼内压力（IOP），是眼科学中的一个重要指标。

它指的是眼睛内部的压力，由房水（眼内液体）的产生和排泄之间

的平衡决定。异常的眼压可能导致各种眼部疾病，包括青光眼，这

是一种严重的眼病，如果不及时治疗可能导致视力丧失。

测量眼压的过程涉及使用一种称为眼压计的设备。有不同类型

的眼压计，但最常用的方法是Goldmann凹面压平法。在这种方法中，

患者舒适地坐着，给眼睛滴上麻醉眼药水以减轻不适感。然后，轻

轻地将由探头和设备组成的眼压计放在角膜上。设备测量了压平角

膜的小区域所需的力量，这与眼压直接相关。

正常眼压的标准范围通常在10到21毫米汞柱（mmHg）之间。

然而，需要注意的是，个体差异是存在的，有些人可能具有更高或

更低的基线眼压而没有任何眼病的迹象。如果眼压持续超过正常范

围，需要进一步评估以确定是否提示青光眼或其他眼部疾病。

如果检测到眼压升高，可能会进行其他测试以评估视神经和视

野的健康状况。这些测试可以帮助确定是否由于眼压增高而导致眼

部损伤。治疗升高的眼压取决于潜在原因，可能包括使用眼药水、

口服药物、激光治疗或手术。

定期眼科检查对于监测眼压并检测任何变化以指示眼部疾病的

存在至关重要。建议18至60岁的人每两年进行一次全面的眼科检

查，包括眼压测量，60岁以上的人或已知眼部疾病风险因素的人每

年进行一次。