2024年4月8日发(作者：)

上篇（共25个）

1. The waster radiation is revolutionizing X-ray science，enabling researchers to

see things on an atomic level with eyes that are a million times more powerful

than ever before.

这种鄙视为废物的辐射使X射线科学发生了一场革命；它使科研工作者

能用眼睛看到原子级的东西，这一放大率比以往提高了100万倍。

2. If we had known the properties of the material, we should have made full use

of it.

要是当时了解这种材料的特性的话，我们就会充分利用它了。

3. Moving parts of a machine would wear much more rapidly without being

oiled.

机器的运动部件如果不加油就会磨损的非常快。

4. Cool slowly to minimize cracking.

要慢慢冷却，以最大限度的减少开裂。

5. Don’t let the stresses inside the material exceed the elastic limit, or else

permanent deformation will result.

不要使材料的应力超过弹性极限，否则会产生永久变形。

6. Attention must be paid to the working temperature of the machine.

应当注意机器的工作温度。

7. Television is the transmission and reception of image of moving objects by

radio waves.

电视通过无线电波发射和接受各种活动物体的图像

8. An understanding of the essential character of scientific investigation is best

acquired from the study of a representative particular science.

要了解科学研究最本质的特点，最好是对特定的典型学科进行研究。

9. Apart from the international agencies controlled by the U.N., many scientific

and technological organizations, both governmental and privately owned, are

pooling their resources and incorporating themselves into supra-national

bodies; a good example is the Organization for Economic Cooperation and

Development, with over 20 member-countries throughout the world.

除去联合国直属的国际机构以外，许多科技组织不论是政府的还是私营

的，都在将它们的资源汇集起来并将自己合并成超国家的组织。由世界

上20多个国家参加的经济合作与发展组织就是一个范例。

10. Computing machines are essentially machines for recording numbers,

operating with numbers, and giving the result in numerical form.

计算机的本质上是一种记录数字、运算数字并给出数字结果的机器。

11. There now exists a kind of glass so sensitive to light that, like photographic

film, it will record pictures and designs.

现在有一种对光十分敏感的玻璃，它像胶卷一样能记录图像和图案。

12. The ON condition makes the data equipment ready to the communication

equipment to be connected to the communication channel.

在接通状态时，数据设备准备好，通信设备连接到通信通道。

13. Then the surgeon cut him open and take out the appendix and stitched him up

again.

医生切开他的腹部，割除了阑尾，又把他腹部缝好。

14. It is very much like communicating with an accurate robot who has a very

small vocabulary and takes everything literally.

这就像和一丝不苟的机器人说话，机器人只有很少的词汇，而且你怎么

说他就怎么做。

15. Design is a series of operations involved in taking a product from a

conceptual stage to a form that meets both company goals and customer

expectations.

设计是一系列的操作，包含该产品从构思阶段到同时满足公司目标和客

户期望的结构样式。

16. Jigang will fix this problem during the recent shut down of the finishing mill.

济钢会在最近的精轧机停产时解决这一问题。

17. Many health-conscious women increase their risk by rejecting red meat,

which contains the most easily absorbed form of iron.

许多保健意识太强的女性会由于她们拒绝食用牛肉或羊肉而增加其缺铁

的风险，因为这些肉中所含的铁质最容易被吸收。

18. As we know, all matters consist of molecules, and molecules consist of atoms.

众所周知，一切物质由分子组成，而分子由原子组成。

19. Dimensioning is a complicated word and long experiences are required for the

mastering of it.

进行尺寸标注是一项复杂的工作，需要有长期经验才能完成。

20. This laser beam covers a very narrow range of frequencies.

这种激光束的频率范围很窄。

21. The diameter and the length of the wire are not the only factors to influence

its resistance.

导线的直径和长度不是影响电阻的唯一因素。

22. The shadow cast by an object is long or short according as the sun is high up

in the heaven or near the horizon.

物体投影的长短取决于太阳是高挂天空还是靠近地平线。

23. Quasi-stars were discovered in 1963 as a result of an effort to overcome the

shortcomings of radio telescopes.

类星体是1963年发现的，是人们努力克服射电望远镜的缺点所取得的一

项成果。

24. Earthquakes seem less easy to be controlled by man than weather.

人类要控制地震似乎比控制天气更难。

25. These waves, which are commonly called radio waves, travel with the

velocity of light.

这些电波一般以光的速度进行传播，它们通

常被称为无线电波。

中篇第一章（共45个）

1. Gases differ from solids in that the former have greater compressibility than

the latter.

气体和固体的区别在于前者比后者有更大的压缩性。

2. The application of electronic computers makes for a tremendous rise in labor

productivity.

使用电子计算机可以大大提高劳动生产率。

3. The flowing of current first in one direction, and then in another makes an

alternating current.

电流先向一个方向流动，然后又向另一方向流动构成交流电。

4. If we were ignorant of the structure of the atom, it would be impossible for us

to study nuclear physics.

如果我们不知道原子的结构，就不可能研究核子物理学。

5. Both of the substances are not soluble in water.

这两种物质都不溶于水。

6. Whenever one body touches another, heat always passes by conduction from

the warmer to the colder.

当一个物体接触到另一个物体时，热量总是从较热的物体传导到较冷的

物体。

7. All of this proves that we must have a profound study of properties of

proteins.

所有这一切证明，我们必须深入地研究蛋白质的特性。

8. The wide application of electronic computers affects tremendously the

development of science and technology.

电子计算机的广泛应用，对科学技术的发展有极大的影响。

9. Gasoline is appreciably volatile.

汽油具有很强的挥发性。

10. These parts must be proportionally correct.

这些零件的比例必须准确无误。

11. In this case the temperature in the furnace is up.

在这种情况下，炉温就升高。

12. Without steel, there would be no modern industry.

如果没有钢，就不会有现代化工业。

13. The new precision machine tools are very good in quality and fine in shape.

新型机密机床质量上乘，样式美观。

14. Matter can be changed into energy, and energy into matter.

物质可以转化为能，能也可以转化为物质。

15. The bond between mathematics and the life sciences has been strengthened by

the emergence of a whole group of applied mathematics specialties, such as

biometrics, psychometrics, and economics.

生物统计学、心里检测学、计量经济学等一大批应用数学专业学科的出

现，大大加强了数学和生命科学之间的联系。

16. The frequency, wave length, and speed of sound are closely related.

频率、波长和声速三方面是密切相关的。

17. The temperature needed for this processing is lower than that needed to melt

the metal.

这种加工方法所需的温度要低于融化该金属的温度。

18. Oxidation will make metals rusty.

氧化作用会使金属生锈。

19. Being large or small all magnets behave the same.

所有磁铁，无论大小，其性质都一样。

20. For reasons the alternating current is more widely used than the direct current.

由于种种原因，交流电比直流电用得更为广泛。

21. A new kind of computer-small, cheap, fine-is attracting increasing attention.

一种新型的计算机越来越引起人们的注意---这种计算机体积小巧、价格

低廉、性能优越。

22. In general, all the metals are good conductors, with silver the best and copper

the second.

一般来说，金属都是良导体，其中以银为最好，铜次之。

23. A computer system consists of a computer and some peripherals.

计算机系统是由计算机和一些外部设备构成的。

24. The resistance of a given section of an electric circuits is equal to the ratio of

its voltage to the current through this section of the circuit,

电路某一段的电阻等与其电压与流过该段电路的电流之比。

25. Given the weight and the specific gravity of a body, we can calculate its

volume.

已知物体的重量和比重，就可求出其体积。

26. Since copper possesses good conductivity, it is widely used in electrical

engineering.

由于铜具有良好的导电性，所以被广泛应用于电气工程。

27. The diameter and the length of wire are not the only factors to influence its

resistance.

导线的直径和长度不是影响电阻的唯一因素。

28. Its transmission over long distance causes some loss of energy.

长距离输送会损耗一些能量。

29. Turning this knob gives the control over the brightness of the light spot.

转动这个旋钮就能控制光电的亮度。

30. Pure water freezes at 0℃ and boils at 100℃ under standard pressure.

在标准大气压下，纯净水在摄氏零度时结冰，在摄氏一百度时沸腾。

31. Ductility of a metal is usually much less when hot than when cold.

热状态的金属韧性一般要比冷状态的金属低得多。

32. Stainless steel posseses good hardness and high strength.

不锈钢硬度大、强度高。

33. The time-keeping decives of electric watches are much more accurate than

those of mechanical ones.

电子表比机械表准确的多。

34. Oceans do not so much divide the world as unite it.

与其说海洋分隔了世界，不如说海洋连接了世界。

35. X-rays have the same nature as visible light, but their wavelength is much

less.

X射线与可见光的性质相同，但X射线的波长要短得多。

36. It takes a body precisely as long to fall from a height h as it does to rise that

high.

物体从高度h下落所需要的时间与它上升到同一高度所需的时间完全相

同。

37. There are two kinds of video capture devices, analog and digital.

视频采集设备有两种，模拟采集设备和数字采集设备。

38. Increasingly sophisticated computer-controlled robots are entering industry to

cut down production costs, time and labor requirements.

日益完善的由计算机控制的机器人正在进入工业领域，以降低成本、缩

短生产时间、减少劳动力。

39. Even the dissolution in water cannot enable common salt to change its

chemical properties.

即使我们将普通食盐溶于水，也不能改变其化学性质。

40. They worked out a new method by which production has been rapidly

increased.

他们制定了一种新方法，采用之后生产已迅速得到提高。

41. The water must be kept free from harmful bacteria. It should be colorless and

relatively odorless.

水应该是无色且相对无味的，应当避免沾染有害细菌。

42. Fig.1 incorporates many of the factors which must be considered in

developing a satisfactory system.

图1所示的许多因素，在研制性能良好的系统时必须予以考虑。

43. Other metals are not malleable at all. Thus chromium is so hard even at room

temperature that it shatters whenever it is hammered.

有的金属却根本没有延展性，如非常坚硬的铬，即使在室温下，一经敲

击便会立即粉碎。

44. Water is a substance suitable for preparation of hydrogen and oxygen.

水是适于制取氢和氧的一种物体。

45. Faraday discovered the Law of Electromagnetic Induction after years of trial,

error, and trial again.

经过几年的实验、失败、再试验，法拉第终于发现了电磁感应定律。

中篇第二章（共40个）

1. When an acid reacts with a base, a neutral product usually results, and we call

it a salt.

当一种酸和一种碱起反应时，通常形成一种中性产物，我们称之为盐类。

2. The key difference between Japanese and German maglev trains is that the

Japanese trains use super-cooled, superconducting electromagnets.

日本和德国的磁悬浮列车的最大不同在于日本列车采用低温超导电磁。

3. Insulators can also conduct electricity to some extent, though they give a high

resistance to an electric current.

虽然绝缘体对电流施加很大电阻，但仍能有某种程度的导电性。

4. The two units used most frequently in electricity are ampere and volt; This is

the unit of voltage and that of current flow.

电学上最常用的两个单位是安培和伏特：伏特是电压单位，安培是电流

单位。

5. The closed loop system protects the operator from liquor contact and hazard

from same.

此闭环系统能保护操作工，使之不与液体接触，免受液体危害。

6. Ideal voltage and current sources are active circuit elements, while resistors

and conductors are passive elements.

理想电压源和电流源都是有源元件，而电阻器和导体都是无源元件。

7. The liquid carries the current through cell between the two plates.

液体使电流通过电池，由一块极板流向另一块极板。

8. The interference worked much instability in the system.

干扰给系统造成了很大的不稳定性。

9. Whichever way the two two-way switches are left, one of the wires is “alive”

and the other is “dead”.

无论这两个双路开关合在哪一边，两根导线中总有一根是带电的，一根

拾不带电的。

10. The thicker the wire, the more freely it will carry current.

导线越粗，就越容易导电。

11. Gold is similar in color to brass.

金子的颜色和黄铜相似。

12. In general, all the metals are good conductors, with silver the best and copper

the second.

一般说来，金属是导体，银最佳，铜次之。

13. Adverse to iron, mercury is in a liquid state at ordinary temperature.

水银与铁不同，在常温下是液态。

14. The change of electrical energy into mechanical energy is done in motors.

电能变为机械能是通过电动机实现的。

15. The computer can read in and out information in less than a second.

这台计算机能在不到一秒钟的时间里输入和输出数据。

16. With its great potential, the wide use of optical communications will not come

overnight.

虽然光通讯有巨大的发展潜力，但它不会在一夜之间就得到广泛的应用。

17. If one halves a bar magnet, each of the two halves will be a complete magnet.

如果把一根磁铁棒分成两段，那么其中每一段都仍是完整的磁铁。

18. It is through this interface that the substation operator must control and

monitor the entire substation.

变电站运行人员正是通过这个界面控制和监视整个变电站的。

19. The same is true when an alternating voltage is applied to a resistance.

当交流电压加在电阻上时，情况也是一样的。

20. If we permit the current to flow longer, more heat will be produced.

如果让电流通过的时间长一些，产生的热就会多一些。

21. Small as they are, atoms are made up of still smaller units known as”

subatomic particles”.

原子虽小，却仍由叫做“亚原子粒子”的更小单位组成。

22. The choice of material in construction of bridges is basically between steel or

concrete and main trouble with concrete is that its tensile strength is very

small.

桥梁建筑材料基本上仍在钢性和混凝土之间选择，而混凝土的主要缺点

是抗拉强度低。

23. The distance between the two plates is small compared with their linear

dimensions.

两板之间的距离相对于其宽度和长度而言比较小。

24. The cost of gold is high. That is why it is not extensively used as conductors.

金的价格昂贵，因此不能广泛用做导体。

25. Practically all substances expand when heated and contract when cooled.

几乎所有的物质都热胀冷缩。

26. The materials are excellent for use where the value of the work pieces is not

high.

如果零件价格不高，最好使用这种材料。

27. The new chip is about 1.5 times as integrative as that of the old ones.

新型芯片的集成度是旧型号的1.5倍。

28. The electricity crisis can be solved as long as low-cost power is available.

只要能获得低成本的电力，电力紧张问题就会解决。

29. The dielectric material is not perfect, so a small leakage current will flow

through it.

电容电介材料是不完全绝缘的，因而会通过小的漏洞流出。

30. The electrons to move freely play an important role in the formation of

electric current.

自由运动的电子在电流行成中起着重要的作用。

31. The moving point P describes a line, straight or curved, in the plane.

动点P在平面内描绘出一条线，这条线可能是直线也可能是曲线。

32. Such recent terms as chemical physics and biophysics are indicative of the

widening application of the principles of physics, even in the studies of

living organisms.

像化学物理学和生物物理学这类新术语，就是物理学原理被推广应用的