2024年4月4日发(作者：)

2019届上海市各区高三英语一模试卷题型分类专题汇编终结版：阅读理解C篇

One【2019届上海市虹口区高三英语一模试题】

Section B

Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or

unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the

one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

(C)

The purpose of a map is to express graphically the relations of points and features on the

earth’s surface to each other. These are determined by distance and direction. In early times

distance was often expressed in units of time, for example “so many hours’ march” or “a day’s

journey by river”, but such measurements gave more information about the relative ease of

crossing the local terrain than they did about actual distance. The other element is direction, but

for the ordinary traveller, whose main concern was “Where do I go from here?” and “How far

away is it?”, the accurate representation of direction was not of primary importance. Partly for this

reason, written itineraries (行程) for a long time rivaled maps. Even today, certain types of maps,

for example, those showing railway systems, may make little attempt to show true directions.

Similarly, obvious landmarks along a route were at first indicated by signs, realistic or

conventional (惯常的), and varied in size to indicate their importance. Clearly the conventions

employed varied with the purpose of the map, and also from place to place, so that in studying

early maps the first essential is to understand the particular convention employed.

The history of cartography (制图) is largely that of the increase in the accuracy with which

these elements of distance and direction are determined and in the comprehensiveness of the map

content. In this development, cartography has called in other sciences to its aid. For example,

instead of determining direction by observing the position of a shadow at midday, or of a

constellation (星座) in the night sky, or even of a steady wind, use was made of terrestrial

magnetism (地磁学) through the magnetic compass, and instruments were evolved which enabled

horizontal angles to be calculated with great accuracy.

The application of astronomical concepts, and the extension of the knowledge of the world

through exploration, encouraged attempts to map the known world. Then astronomers discovered

that the earth is not a perfect sphere, but is flattened slightly at the poles, which introduced further

refinements into the mapping of large areas. Meanwhile, the demands being made of the map

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2019届上海市各区高三英语一模试卷题型分类专题汇编终结版：阅读理解C篇

maker were shifting significantly. The traveller or the merchant ceased to be the sole user of maps.

The soldier, especially after the introduction of artillery, and the problems of range, field of fire,

and dead ground which it raised, demanded an accurate representation of the surface features, in

place of the earlier conventional or pictorial delineation (描绘), and a solution in any degree

satisfactory was not reached until the contour (等高线) was invented.

63. Why might early maps have been misleading?

A. Distances could not be calculated reliably. B. They were based on written itineraries.

C. They were drawn by ordinary travelers. D. Distances tended to be overestimated.

64. What problem did early maps exhibit when showing landmarks?

A. The signs used bore little relation to the landmarks.

B. The selection of landmarks was faulty.

C. They used symbols that were not standardized.

D. They sometimes included unimportant features.

65. In the second paragraph, the writer says that ______ made better quality map-making easier.

A. a greater understanding of climatic factor

B. greater accuracy in draughtsmanship (绘图术)

C. more accuracy in measurement

D. more intensive map production

66. What encouraged the search for a more precise means of mapping the physical geography of

the landscape?

A. Discovery in astronomy.

C. The activities of the great explorers.

B. The growth of mathematical science.

D. Military considerations.

Keys: 63-66 ACCD

Two【2019届上海市黄浦区高三英语一模试题】

Section B

Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or

unfinished statements. For each of them. There are four choices marked A, B, C and D. choose the

one that fits best according to the Information given in the passage you have just read.

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2019届上海市各区高三英语一模试卷题型分类专题汇编终结版：阅读理解C篇

(C)

The surface of Venus has never seemed very hospitable. Temperatures change around

470°C(900°F), the result of a runway greenhouse effect, and the pressure of its atmosphere, thick

with carbon dioxide and sulfuric acid(硫酸), is some 90 times that of Earth’s. Lead(铅) would

flow like water on Venus, and water cannot have existed in liquid form for perhaps a billion years.

Now NASA’S Magellan spacecraft seems to have found one more horror in the nasty

landscape: active volcanoes. Last week the space agency released the first detailed map of Venus

and the most dramatic images ever made of its surface. The picture offer the best evidence to date

that a planet once assumed dead is actually a lively pot of geological change.

The most amazing image is of Venus’s second tallest mountain, Maat Mons, which rises

8km(5 miles) . Most of the planet’s many peaks, including 9.5-km-(6-mile-) high Maxwell Montes,

look bright in the radar pictures Magellan takes from its orbit above the permanent could cover.

That means they are strong reflectors of radar waves. But Maat Mons is dark; like the Stealth

bomber, it absorbs much of the radar falling on it.

This interesting fact, say project scientists, is a strong hint that the mountains has recently

been covered with lava(熔岩). Rock that sits on the surface of mountaintops appears to weather

quickly in the hot , chemically reactive atmosphere, creating a soil that is rich in iron sulfide(硫化

铁). It is this mineral, the scientists believe, that can easily be seen on radar. If Maat Mons doesn’t

have any, it has probably been resurfaced, perhaps within the past few years.

Such resurfacing has undoubtedly taken place in Venus lowlands: earlier images of the planet

showed vast areas that are remarkably free of craters(火山坑). That would be easy to explain on a

Planet like Earth, where cratering from meteor strikes is erased by steady erosion. But while there

is some evidence of wind erosion on Venus, the best explanation for the lack of cratering is

periodic lava flow. Magellan has found direct evidence of such flows, including domelike

upwellings and hardened streamed of rock trailing down the sides of Venusian peaks. There are

also signs of other geologic activities, including dramatic faulting and several distinct incidents of

mountain building. But the evidence can’t indicate whether they really occurred millions of years

ago. The case for active Venusian volcanoes is not yet proved, but Magellan, which is now well

into its second complete survey of the planet’s surface, may eventually settle the issue.

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2019届上海市各区高三英语一模试卷题型分类专题汇编终结版：阅读理解C篇

63. Which of the following has NO possibility to be found on Venus now?

A. Carbon dioxide B. Sulfuric acid C. Liquid water D. Active volcanoes

64. The scientists believe that _________ shows up easily on radar.

A. geological change B. iron sulfide C. mountain mineral D. lava flow

65. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. The resurfacing has changed the images of the vast areas in Venus lowlands.

B. The wind erosion on Venus is caused by periodic lava flows

C. Streams of rock trailing down the side of Venusian peaks can be seen on Earth

D. Other geologic activities have caused dramatic and unbelievable climate phenomenon.

66. What can be inferred from the passage?

A. NASA’S Magallan spacecraft fails to stand the environment of Venus.

B. There is clear and confirmed evidence for the active Venusian volcanoes on Venus.

C. Some evidence of periodic lava flows has been found by NASA astronauts.

D. Magellan will conduct a follow-up complete survey of the Venus’ surface.

Keys: 63-66 CBAD

Three【2019届上海市浦东新区高三英语一模试题】

Section B

Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or

unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the

one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

(C)

One of the features of a successful business is its ability to employ creativity to constantly

push into new territory. Without growth and innovation, businesses eventually fade away. Those

with staying power, however, have mastered an often-overlooked factor that allows them to focus

on the future clearly: empathy(共情). While that may surprise many, I am certain that the ability

to connect with and relate to others---empathy in its purest form---is the force that moves

businesses forward.

Though the concept of empathy might go against the modern concept of a traditional

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2019届上海市各区高三英语一模试卷题型分类专题汇编终结版：阅读理解C篇

workplace—competitive, the reality is that for business leaders to experience success, they need to

not just see or hear the activity around them, but also relate to the people they serve.

Some may think they see the results they want from doggedly(顽强地) pursuing their goals

without much thought for other people. This attitude works for some, but at some point—often

sooner rather than later—everyone needs to rely on their relationships and established personal

and professional connections. These relationships are the product of taking an honest and

dedicated interest in others and their businesses. Successful people do not operate alone; each of

us needs the support of others to achieve positive results that push us toward our goals. True

empathy combines understanding both the emotional and the logical rationale(根据) that goes into

every decision.

Effectively understanding empathy involves viewing it as each person’s connection to the

people and marketplace that surround them. A biological principle known as co-evolution explains

that the adaptation of an organism is caused by the change of a related object. Similarly,

businesses and their leaders participate in co-evolution-type relationships. Business success

depends on empathetic leaders who are able to adapt, build on the strengths around them, and

relate to their environment. When businesses fail, it is often because leaders have stopped focusing

on understanding their environment and instead stay separated in their own operations. Successful

business leaders are receptive to disturbance and aware of what is going on in their organizations

both internally and externally.

To develop an effective workforce, we must be willing to give in and meet people where they

are. This can be frustrating and uncomfortable, particularly when you feel like your position

makes more sense or offers a better solution. A critical part of developing empathy, however, is

learning to understand, respect and implement another individual’s point of view rather than

forcing your own.

63. In the author’s opinion, if a company wants to achieve success, it must __________.

A. frequently develop in new areas

C. concentrate on its future development

B. always stay pure and powerful

D. value much thought for others

64. It can be inferred from the passage that _________.

A. empathy generally depends on logical reasons

B. supports from others help to achieve ambitions

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2019届上海市各区高三英语一模试卷题型分类专题汇编终结版：阅读理解C篇

C. competition rarely exists in traditional workplaces

D. striving for goals on one’s own is the key to success

65. Which of the following examples can best illustrate the co-evolution principle?

A. The boss is too occupied to realize that his employees’ income is below the average.

B. The head of the news agency offers little bonus to the journalists who work extra hours.

C. The principal promises flexible working hours after the school moves to the countryside.

D. The factory director insists on increasing the output despite the declining market demand.

66. What can be best title of this passage?

A. Empathy and Business Success

C. Empathy and Aggressiveness

Keys: 63-66 DBCA

B. The Formation of Empathy

D. The Importance of Empathy

Four【2019届上海市长宁区高三英语一模试题】

Section B

Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or

unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the

one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.

(C)

The term ‘dark tourism’ is far newer than the practice, which long predates Pompeii's

emergence as a dark attraction. Dr Philip Stone, perhaps the world's leading academic expert on

dark tourism, considers the Roman Colosseum to be one of first dark tourist sites, where people

travelled long distances to watch death as sport. Later, until the late 18" century, the appeal was

crueler still in central London, where people paid money to sit in grandstands to watch mass

hangings. Dealers would sell pies at the site, which was roughly where Marble Arch stands today.

It was only in 1996 that ‘dark tourism' entered the scholarly vocabulary when two

academics in Glasgow applied it while looking at sites associated with the murder of John

y. Those who study dark tourism identify plenty of reasons for the growing phenomenon,

including raised awareness of it as an identifiable thing. Access to sites has also improved with the

arrival of cheap air travel. It's hard to imagine that the Auschwitz-Birkenau memorial and

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2019届上海市各区高三英语一模试卷题型分类专题汇编终结版：阅读理解C篇

museum would now welcome mare than two million visitors a year were it not for its nearness to

Krakow's international airport. Peter Hohenhaus, a widely travelled dark tourist based in

Vienna,also points to the broader rise in off-the-beaten track tourism,beyond the territory of

popular guidebooks and TripAdvisor rankings. ‘A lot of people don't want mainstream tourism

and that often means engaging with places that have a more recent history than, say,a Roman

ruin." he says."You go to Sarajevo and most people remember the war being in the news so if

feels closer to one’s owe biography(传记)”

Hohenhaus is also a fan of‘ beauty in decay’, the contemporary cultural movement in

which urban ruins have become subject matter for expensive coffee-table books and a thousand

lnstagram(照片墙）accounts. The crossover with death is clear.“I have always been drawn to

ruined things," the 54-year-old says. But while, like any tourism, dark tourism at its best is

educational, the example of Grenfell Tower (a London tower block,destroyed by a fire in 2017

with 7l deaths) hints at the unease felt at some sites.“I remember the Lonely Planet Bluelist book

had a chapter about dark tourism a while ago and one of the rules was 'don't go back too

early'."Hohenhaus says.“I'll be interested to see Grenfell Tower up close.I can see the

I would not stand in the street taking a selfie（自拍）merrily.”

63. “Dark tourism” can be defined as tourism involving travel to places____________

A. hardly having access to in ancient times

B. with a history even before human civilization

C. historically related to death and tragedy

D. in Europe famous for cruel but exciting sports

tourism came into sight when_________.

A. scholars finally revealed secrets about some historical events

B. people were no more satisfied with ordinary tourist destinations

C. road transportation was able to take people around the world

D. researchers realized the significance of sustainable tourism

is implied in Hohenhaus’ words in the last paragraph?

A. People fail to get lessons from disasters causing terrible loss.

B. The media are publicizing the modern city ruins improperly.

C. Visitors are free to take selfies with the ‘beauty of decay’.

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2019届上海市各区高三英语一模试卷题型分类专题汇编终结版：阅读理解C篇

D. Some tourists show a lack of respect for dark tourist sites.

of the following best serves as the title of this passage?

A. Morality mirrored in tourism

C. Ranking of dark tourism sites

B. Tourism boomed with tragedies

D. Proper attitudes to dark tourism

Keys: 63-66 CBDB

Five【2019届上海市徐汇区高三英语一模试题】

Section B

Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or

unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the

one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

(C)

Philosophy of Education is a label applied to the study of the purpose, process, nature and

ideals of education. It can be considered a branch of both philosophy and education. Education

can be defined as the teaching and learning of specific skills, and the imparting of knowledge,

judgment and wisdom, and is something broader than the societal institution of education we often

speak of.

Many educationalists consider it a weak and imprecise field, too far removed from the

practical applications of the real world to be useful. But philosophers dating back to Plato and the

Ancient Greeks have given the area much thought and emphasis, and there is little doubt that their

work has helped shape the practice of education over the millennia.

Plato is the earliest important educational thinker, and education is an essential element in

“The Republic” (his most important work on philosophy and political theory, written around 360

B.C.). In it, he advocates some rather extreme methods: removing children from their mothers’

care and raising them as wards of the state, and differentiating children suitable to the various

castes(社会等级), the highest receiving the most education, so that they could act as guardians of

the city and care for the less able. He believed that education should be holistic（全面的）,

including facts, skills, physical discipline, music and art. Plato believed that talent and intelligence

is not distributed genetically and thus is to be found in children born to all classes, although his

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2019届上海市各区高三英语一模试卷题型分类专题汇编终结版：阅读理解C篇

proposed system of selective public education for an educated minority of the population does not

really follow a democratic model.

Aristotle considered human nature, habit and reason to be equally important forces to be

cultivated in education, the ultimate aim of which should be to produce good and virtuous citizens.

He proposed that teachers lead their students systematically, and that repetition be used as a key

tool to develop good habits, unlike Socrates’ emphasis on questioning his listeners to bring out

their own ideas. He emphasized the balancing of the theoretical and practical aspects of subjects

taught, among which he clearly mentions reading, writing, mathematics, music, physical education,

literature, history, and a wide range of sciences, as well as play, which he also considered

important.

During the period of Middle Age, the idea of Perennialism was first formulated by St.

Thomas Aquinas in his work “De Magistro”. Perennialism holds that one should teach those

things deemed to be of everlasting importance to all people everywhere, namely principles and

reasoning, not just facts (which are apt to change over time), and that one should teach first about

people, not machines or techniques. It was originally religious in nature, and it was only much

later that a theory of worldly Perennialism developed.

During the Renaissance（文艺复兴）, the French doubter Michel de Montaigne (1533 - 1592)

was one of the first to critically look at education. Unusually for his time, Montaigne was willing

to question the conventional wisdom of the period, calling into question the whole structure of the

educational system, and the assumption that university-educated philosophers were necessarily

wiser than uneducated farm workers, for example.

63. Why do many educationists consider philosophy a ‘weak and imprecise field’?

A. It is the practical applications of the real world.

B. Its theoretical concepts are easily understood.

C. It is irrelevant for education.

D. It is not practically applicable.

64. What is the difference between the approaches of Socrates and Aristotle?

A. Aristotle felt the need for repetition to develop good habits in students; Socrates felt that

students need to be constantly questioned.

B. Aristotle felt the need for rote-learning; Socrates emphasized on dialogic learning.

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2019届上海市各区高三英语一模试卷题型分类专题汇编终结版：阅读理解C篇

C. There was no difference.

D. Aristotle emphasized on the importance of paying attention to human nature; Socrates

emphasized upon science.

65. According to the passage, the underlined word “Perennialism” most probably refers to

something _____________.

A. that is unnecessary.

C. that is abstract and theoretical.

B. that is of ceaseless importance.

D. that exists no more.

66. Why did Aquinas propose a model of education which did not lay much emphasis on facts?

A. Facts are not important.

C. Facts change with the changing times.

B. Facts do not lead to holistic education.

D. Facts are frozen in time.

Keys: 63-66 DABC

Six【2019届上海市闵行区高三英语一模试题】

Section B

Directions: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or

Unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A. B. C and D. Choose the

one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

(C)

The recession (衰退) of 2008-09 was remarkable in rich countries for its intensity, the

following recovery for its weakness. The labour market has also broken the rules, as new

research from the OECD, a think-tank of mainly rich countries, shows in its annual Employment

Outlook.

Young people always suffer in recessions. Employers stop hiring them; and they often get rid

of new recruits because they are easier to dismiss. But in previous episodes, such as the recessions

of the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s, older workers were also kicked off. This time is different. During

the financial crisis in 2008, and since, they have done better than other age groups.

The researchers focus on movements in “non-employment” as a share of the total population

in three age groups between the final quarters of 2007 and 2012. This measure has the advantage

of including not just unemployment, where people are looking for work, but also inactivity, where

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2019届上海市各区高三英语一模试卷题型分类专题汇编终结版：阅读理解C篇

people are not seeking jobs. Whereas the average non-employment rate in the OECD has risen by

four percentage points among young people and by one-and-a-half points among 25-to

54-year-olds, it has fallen by two points among the 55-64 age group.

Why have older employees done so well? In some southern European countries they benefit

from job protection not afforded to younger workers, but that did not really help them in past

recessions. What has changed, says Stefano Scarpetta, head of the OECD’s employment

directorate, is that firms now bear the full costs of getting rid of older staff. In the

past,early-retirement policies provided by governments (in the mistaken belief that these would

help young people) made it cheaper to push grey-haired workers out of the door. These have

largely stopped.

Many will argue that older workers have done better at the expense of the young. That view

is wrongheaded. First, it is a fallacy that a job gained for one person is a job lost for another; there

is no fixed amount of work. And second, as the report shows, young and old people are by and

large not substitutes in the workplace. They do different types of work in different types of

occupation: younger people are keen on IT firms, for example, whereas older folk tend to be

employed in more traditional industries. There are plenty of things that should be done to help the

young jobless, but kicking older workers out of the workplace is not one of them.

63. By saying “The labour market has also broken the rules”, the author means ______.

A. young employees were protected by the government

B. young employees suffered moderately in labour market

C. old employees suffered very little in the labour market

D. The recession had little impact on labour market

64. What do we know about “early-retirement policies” mentioned in the 4

th

paragraph?

A. They proved to be little use and nearly no longer in effect.

B. They have effectively helped young employees.

C. They financially supported the elderly people.

D. They have gain popularity in southern European countries.

65. The word “fallacy” (in the last paragraph) probably means “______”.

A. common belief B. wrong concept

D. wise statement

C. acceptable assumption

66. Which of the following might the author agree with?

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2019届上海市各区高三英语一模试卷题型分类专题汇编终结版：阅读理解C篇

A. Early-retirement policies should have been well adopted by governments.

B. Young people should be encouraged into traditional industries.

C. Supportive policies should be made to help elderly people when crisis occurs.

D. Old people’s remaining in jobs doesn’t necessarily threaten young people’s jobs.

Keys:

63-66 CABD

Seven【2019届上海市奉贤区高三英语一模试题】

Section B

Directions: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or

unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the

one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

(C)

The haunting paintings of Helene Schjerfbeck, on show in the final leg of a travelling tour

that has already attracted thousands of visitors in Hamburg and the Hague, may come as a surprise

to many. Few outside the Nordic(北欧的) world would recognize the works of this Finnish artist

who died in 1946. More people should. The 120 works have at their core 20 self-portraits, half the

number she painted in all. The first, dated 1880, is of a wide-eyed teenager eager to absorb

everything. The last is a sighting of the artist's ghost-to-be.

Prematurely gifted, Schjerfbeck was 11 when she entered the Finnish Art Society's drawing

school. “The Wounded Warrior in the Snow”, a history painting, was bought by a private collector

and won her a state travel grant when she was 17. Schjerfbeck studied in Paris, went on to

Pont-Aven, Brittany, where she painted for a year, then to Tuscany, Cornwall and St Petersburg.

During her 1887 visit to St Ives, Cornwall, Schjerfbeck painted “The Convalescent”. A child

wrapped in a blanket sits supported up in a large wicker(柳条编制的) chair, toying with a

sprig(小枝条). The picture won a bronze medal at the 1889 Paris World Fair and was bought by

the Finnish Art Society. To a modern eye it seems almost sentimental(感伤的) and is made up for

only by the somewhat astonished, sad expression on the child's face, which may have been

inspired by Schjerfbeck's early experiences. At four, she fell down a flight of steps and never fully

recovered.

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2019届上海市各区高三英语一模试卷题型分类专题汇编终结版：阅读理解C篇

In 1890, Schjerfbeck settled in Finland. Teaching exhausted her, she did not like the works of

other local painters, and she was further isolated when she took on the care of her mother. “If I

allow myself the freedom to live an isolated life”, she wrote, “then it is because it has to be that

way.” In 1902, Schjerfbeck and her mother settled in the small, industrial town of Hyvinkaa, 50

kilometres north of Helsinki. Isolation had one desired effect for it was there that Schjerfbeck

became a modern painter. She produced still lives and landscapes but above all moody yet sharp

portraits of her mother, local school girls, women workers in town.

“I have always searched for the dense depths of the soul, which have not yet been discovered

by humans themselves”, she wrote, “where everything is still unconscious -- there one can make

the greatest discoveries.” She experimented with different kinds of underpainting, scraped and

rubbed, made bright rosy red spots; doing whatever had to be done to capture the subconscious --

her own and that of her models. In 1913, Schjerfbeck was rediscovered by an art dealer and

journalist, Gosta Stenman. Once again she was a success.

63. Schjerfbeck’s paintings may come as a surprise to many because_______.

A. her paintings are rarely known outside the Nordic world

B. her paintings have never been on show out of the Nordic world

C. her paintings have the power to haunt people whoever have seen them

D. her paintings focus on supernatural elements such as ghosts

64. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. "The Convalescent" is in fact a portrait of Schjerbeck in her childhood.

B. "The Convalescent" is a reflection of Schejerbeck’s sentimental childhood.

C. "The Convalescent" is made as a result of an accident in Schejerbeck’s childhood.

D. "The Convalescent" is featured by the child’s astonished, sorrowful expression.

65. Schejerbeck chose to live an isolated life mainly because of _______.

A. she was exhausted by her teaching job

B. her personality prefers this kind of style

C. she could not appreciate the work of the other local painters

D. her mother’s health condition required her to adopt such a life style.

66. We can infer from the passage that the most outstanding characteristics of Schjerfbeck’s

paintings is_________.

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2019届上海市各区高三英语一模试卷题型分类专题汇编终结版：阅读理解C篇

A. her vivid characterization of common people

B. her capture of the characters’ soul

C. the sorrowful expression of the characters

D. her unconscious sense of some mysterious elements

Keys: 63-66 ACBB

Eight【2019届上海市静安区高三英语一模试题】

Section B

Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or

unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the

one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

( C )

Canada is a bilingual country with "co-official" languages. English and French enjoy equal

status as the official languages of all federal government institutions in Canada. This means that

the public has the right to communicate with and receive services from, federal (联邦

的)government institutions in either English or French. Federal government employees have the

right to work in the official language of their choice in designated bilingual regions.

Like the United States, Canada started as a colony. Beginning in the 1500s, it was part of

New France but later became a British colony after the Seven Years' War. As a result, the

Canadian government recognized the languages of both colonizers: France and England. The

Constitution (宪法)Act of 1867 enshrined the use of both languages in Parliament and in federal

courts. Years later, Canada strengthened its commitment to bilingualism when it passed the

Official Languages Act of 1969, which reaffirmed the constitutional origins of its co-official

languages and set out the protections afforded by its dual-language status.

Recognition of both English and French protects the rights of all Canadians. Among other

benefits, the 1969 Act recognized that Canadian citizens should be able to access federal laws and

government documents, whether their native language was French or English. The general law

also requires that consumer products feature bilingual packaging throughout the country.

The Canadian federal government is committed to advancing the equality of status and use of

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2019届上海市各区高三英语一模试卷题型分类专题汇编终结版：阅读理解C篇

the English and French languages within Canadian society and provides support to the

development of English and French linguistic minority communities. However, the reality is that

most Canadians speak English, and of course, many Canadians speak another language entirely.

Although the federal government theoretically guarantees bilingual services in all areas, there

are many regions of Canada where English is the clear majority language, so the government does

not always offer services in French in those regions. Canadians use the phrase "where numbers

warrant" to indicate whether a local population's language usage requires bilingual services from

the federal government.

While many Canadians are bilingual, they are not only speaking English or French. Statistic

Canada finds that more than 200 languages that were not English or French, were reported as a

language spoken by its people. About two-thirds of the respondents who spoke one of these

languages also spoke either English or French.

63. The acceptance of two official languages in Canada is due to ________.

A. the language –using tradition caused by Canada’s colonial history.

B. the convenience for business dealings by using two languages in the country.

C. the welcome attitude toward immigrates from all over the world.

D. the mastery of two languages of Canadians because of school education.

64. In reality whether bilingual service provided by the federal government is necessary in

different districts is decided by ________.

A. the legal order from the federal government

B. the popularity of the language in the world

C. the number of schools teaching the language

D. the number of local people using the language

65. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?

A. English has gained superior legal position to French because of bigger number of users in

Canada.

B. The legal court usage of French and English was established in Canada in 1969.

C. Both French and English should be used on products in Canada according to federal law.

D. Canadian people speak either French or English in social communication.

66. What is the main idea of the passage?

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2019届上海市各区高三英语一模试卷题型分类专题汇编终结版：阅读理解C篇

A. The advantage of using multiple languages in Canada

B. The history and current situation of two language used in Canada

C. The disadvantaged status of the French language used in Canada.

D. Canadians’ advancement in balancing two languages in business world.

Keys: 63-66 ADCB

Nine【2019届上海市崇明区高三英语一模试题】

Section B

Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or

unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the

one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

(C)

A portrait created by artificial intelligence, or AI, made a

historic appearance on the auction (拍卖) block at Christie’s in

New York City this week. It is the first artwork created by an

algorithm (算法) to be offered for auction in the world of fine art.

The odd-looking painting of a fictitious man in a dark coat left

the auction block at Christie’s for $432,500 on Oct. 25 in New

York City.

The portrait—designed in the “Old Master” style of European fine artists from centuries

ago—appears to represent a man with a vague face, dressed in clothing similar to that worn by

people painted by the Dutch artist Rembrandt van Rijn in the 17th century.

Of course, a computer didn’t automatically pick up a brush and become an artist. The AI that

created the image had human programmers—a Parisian art collective called Obvious, Christie’s

reported. Their cooperation, titled “Portrait of Edmond De Belamy,” is part of a series of paintings

of the fictional Belamy family and was expected to fetch $7,000 to $10,000, according to

Christie’s.

To create the portrait, the Obvious team first fed the network a diet of 15,000 images painted

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