2024年3月9日发(作者：)

2021高考英语复习之高考真题阅读词块精析（三十三）

2020北京卷（D篇）

Certain forms of AI are indeed becoming ubiquitous. For example, algorithms（算法）carry

out huge volumes of trading on our financial markets, self-driving cars are appearing on city

streets, and our smartphones are translating from one language into another. These systems are

sometimes faster and more perceptive than we humans are. But so far that is only true for the

specific tasks for which the systems have been designed. That is something that some A I

developers are now eager to change.

Some of today's AI pioneers want to move on from today's world of “weak” or “narrow” AI,

to create “strong” or “full” AI, or what is often called artificial general intelligence（A GI）. In

some respects, today's powerful computing machines already make our brains look weak. A GI

could, its advocates say, work for us around the clock, and drawing on all available data, could

suggest solutions to many problems. DM, a company focused on the development of A GI, has an

ambition to “solve intelligence”. “If we're successful,” their mission statement reads, “we believe

this will be one of the most important and widely beneficial scientific advances ever made.”

Since the early days of AI, imagination has outpaced what is possible or even probable. In

1965, an imaginative mathematician called Irving Good predicted the eventual creation of an

"ultra-intelligent machine…that can far surpass all the intellectual（智力的）activities of any man,

however clever." Good went on to suggest that “the first ultra-intelligent machine" could be “the

last invention that man need ever make."

Fears about the appearance of bad, powerful, man-made intelligent machines have been

reinforced（强化）by many works of fiction—Mary Shelley's Frankenstein and the Terminator film

series, for example. But if AI does eventually prove to be our downfall, it is unlikely to be at the

hands of human-shaped forms like these, with recognisably human motivations such as aggression

（敌对行为）. Instead, I agree with Oxford University philosopher Nick Bostrom, who believes

that the heaviest risks from A GI do not come from a decision to turn against mankind but rather

from a dogged pursuit of set objectives at the expense of everything else.

The promise and danger of true A GI are great. But all of today's excited discussion about

these possibilities presupposes the fact that we will be able to build these systems. And, having

spoken to many of the world's foremost AI researchers, I believe there is good reason to doubt that

we will see A GI any time soon, if ever:

词块梳理

1：indeed

英[ɪnˈdiːd] 美[ɪnˈdiːd]

adv. 确实；实际上；究竟

双语例句

is indeed a serious matter.

兹事体大.

it isn't, true he has made it up.

确实不是这样,他是在无中生有.

are many good deeds in our class, indeed in the wholeschool.

我们班上好事很多, 甚至全校都是这样.

2：ubiquitous

英[juːˈbɪkwɪtəs] 美[juːˈbɪkwɪtəs]

adj. 无所不在的；普遍存在的

变形

副词：ubiquitously

名词：ubiquity

双语例句

ubiquitous orange and white GSR & L vehicles were assembled on the

road outside.

橙白二色的金州公司车辆都停在外面的路上.

es are a natural and ubiquitous way to convey meaning in

communication.

中文摘要手势是自然且常见的表达方式.

suites that are understandable only by their owners are ubiquitous.

测试套件只有它们的作者才能理解是常见情况.

3：financial

英[faɪˈnænʃl] 美[faɪˈnænʃl]

adj. 财政的，财务的；金融的；有钱的

变形

副词：financially

双语例句

freed him from his financial obligations.

我们使他摆脱了经济上的责任.

treasurer was arrested for trying to manipulate the company's financial

records.

财务主管由于试图窜改公司财政帐目而被拘留.

running a company, strict financial management means everything.

经营一家公司, 严格的财务管理是至关重要的.

4：perceptive

英[pəˈseptɪv] 美[pərˈseptɪv]

adj. 有知觉力的；感知的；有理解力的

变形

副词：perceptively

名词：perceptiveness

双语例句

is a very perceptive assessment of the situation.

这是一个对该情况的极富洞察力的评价.

Wang is polite and perceptive, knowing his surroundings and how to react

to praise.

王建民是斯文有礼和感性的, 他了解他的周围的情况也知道如何应对赞美.

responsible for verification for manufacturing engineering process and

layout from EHS perceptive.

负责查证和解决制造业的工艺流程和布局中可能涉及到的安全、健康及环保

问题.

5：specific

英[spəˈsɪfɪk] 美[spəˈsɪfɪk]

adj. 明确的；独特的

变形

比较级：more specific

最高级：most specific:

双语例句

should make a concrete analysis of each specific question.

对于每个具体问题要进行具体分析.

's the specific time of his arrival?

他确切的到达时间是几点钟?

you be specific?

请讲清楚些,好 吗 ?

6：eager

英[ˈiːɡə(r)] 美[ˈiːɡər]

adj. 热切的；盼望的

变形

副词：eagerly

名词：eagerness:

双语例句

was eager to match his knowledge against mine.

他很想和我比比,看谁的知识更丰富.

eager children mobbed the candy man the moment he appeared.

卖糖果的人刚出现,急切的孩子们便把他包围了.

was desperately eager to be back after more than a week's absence from

school.

他一个多星期没有到学校,回校之心甚切.

7：pioneers

英[ˌpaɪəˈnɪəs] 美[ ,paɪə'nɪr]

n. 拓荒者( pioneer的名词复数 )；开发者；先驱者；创始者:

双语例句

Leicester Swannington Railway is numbered among Britain's railway

pioneers.

莱斯特—斯旺宁顿铁路被看作是英国最早的铁路之一。

rs from the East settled in this region in 1875.

1875年,来自东部的拓荒者在这个地区定居下来.

3.A group of young pioneers always accompany the disabled girl to the school.

一群少先队员常常送那位残疾女孩上学.

8：narrow

英[ˈnærəʊ] 美[ˈnæroʊ]

adj. 狭窄的；狭隘的；险胜的；勉强的；有限的；狭义的

v. 变狭窄；缩小

变形

过去分词：narrowed

比较级：narrower

最高级：narrowest

现在分词：narrowing

名词：narrowness

过去式：narrowed

第三人称单数：narrows:

双语例句

corridors lead off from the main hallway.

狭长的通道从主廊延展开来.

only light came through a narrow aperture.

仅有的光亮来自一个小孔.

stream bifurcates into two narrow winding channels.

那条小溪分成两股窄而弯曲的支流.

9：artificial

英[ˌɑːtɪˈfɪʃl] 美[ˌɑːrtɪˈfɪʃl]