2024年2月16日发(作者：)

同义替换

（1）同义替换表

原词 候选替换词 原句

people, individuals, Many people do not accept it as a good idea

persons characters, folks

that…

good positive, favorable, He puts forward a good plan that…

rosy(美好的)，promising

(有希望的)，perfect,

pleasurable ,

excellent,

outstanding

bad dreadful, Frankly to say, this kind of idea is bad.

unfavorable, poor,

adverse(有害的) be

less impressive

many an army of, an Many individuals, if not most, harbor the idea

ocean of, a sea of, a that

multitude

of ,“many, if not

most”

some a slice of, quiet a

Quite a few people hold the idea that…

few, several

think harbor the idea that,

He thinks that…

take the attitude

that,

hold the view

that, it is widely

shared that,

it is universally

acknowledged that

thing affair ,business ,matHe had a lot of things to care.

ter

common shared For these people, their common idea is that

Get good reap huge fruits, Our plan would gets us good result.

result fruitful

in my opinion for my part ,from

In my opinion, we should…

my own perspective

more and Increasing(ly),growMore and more people think that…sth has

more ing gained more and more popularity

hardly little if anything, We can hardly find the advantage of his plan.

或little or nothing代替

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helpful beneficial

rewarding

customer shopper, client,

consumer,

purchaser,

very exceedingly,

extremely

necessary hardly unnecessary,

indispensable

be interested sth appeals to sb,

in sth exerts a

tremendous

fascination on sb

attract one's capture one's

attention. attention

be obsessed

by(被…迷住)

Be busy with Be occupied in

cause give rise to, lead to,

result in, trigger

There are There are several

several reasons behind sth

reasons for

sth

Must(动词) A must （名词）

pay attention pour attention into,

to attention be given

to

remember bear in mind that

His advice is helpful.

His hard word is helpful to his success.

Many customers made the complaint that…

He works very hard, so…

It is necessary for us to…

She is so interested in hiking.

This theory attracted our attention.

Recently, he has been busy with doing chores.

His absence caused our failure.

There are several reasons for people’s

disappointment about…

We must take actions to…

Many people pay attention to the idea that…

When taking about…, we should remember

that…

have possess He had a huge house. This idea has the

advantage that …

be against , frown on sth As a matter of fact, many people disagree with

disagree with

the idea that…

for example to name only a few, He like all kinds of sports, for example,

as an example swimming, hiking and playing football.

use Employ Different methods have been used to …

spend Occupy We had spent three days to finish the job.

Action, moves We should take actions to stop that.

measure

improve better This book could better your understanding of

Chinese culture.

Improve, perfect We should do something to perfect our plan.

2

develop

Better than

Dwarf, wither His excellent performance

dwarfed/withered ours.

really

（2）常用非正式和正式表达对照表

非正式 正式

able Capable, in a(ny) position

all the time Continuously, continually, constantly, perpetually

a lot Markedly, noticeably, considerably, a great deal, substantially

a lot of Many, numerous, a wide variety of, a whole range of, a wide

spectrum of, an abundance of

always invariably

amount quantity

as a result consequently

as good as Practically, virtually

at hand, there available

basically Essentially, in essence, substantially

Be, amount constitute

to

Become Be on the decline, be on the decrease, decline, decrease, diminish,

smaller dwindle, recede

Become deteriorate

worse

before Prior to

begin commence

better superior

Be(come) Be(come) accustomed to

used to

big Major, significant, substantial

Carry out Conduct, execute, commit, implement, perpetrate

change Alter/alteration, modify/modification

Deal with Address, discuss, examine

do Conduct, transact

Do not Fail to, omit to

Do without Dispense with

End conclusion

enough Ample, sufficient, adequate

everywhere Ubiquitous, pervasive

fairly Comparatively, moderately

Find out Ascertain, discern, discover

fitting Proper, appropriate

hatred animosity

have Contain, be equipped with, possess

If In the event of, in case(of)

In the end Eventually, finally, ultimately

3

Keep(doing)

know

later

Less and less

Let, allow

like

liking

long

Look at

mean

money

More and

more

much

need

Next to

now

often

Quick(ly)

Rich, wealthy

right

Rough(ly)

Set up

sharp

show

side

size

small

therefore

thing

too

Too little

Too many

Too much

try

understand

unneeded

Ups and

downs

very

without

yield

Continue, continually, continuously, consistently, constantly, persist in

Be aware of, conversant with, familiar with

subsequent

Decreasing(ly)

permit

To be partial to sth; also below, liking

Predilection for sth; also partiality for sth

Extensive, protracted, prolonged

Consider, examine, explore, investigate, observe, scrutinize

Involve, entail

Funding, funds, resources

increasingly

Considerably, substantially

Demand, require

adjacent

At present, at this juncture, at this moment, currently

Frequent(ly)

Rapid(ly), prompt(ly)

Affluent, opulent

Appropriate, correct, proper

Approximate(ly)

Establish, institute

Abrupt, drastic

Demonstrate, evince, manifest

aspect

Magnitude, dimensions

Minor insignificant, marginal

consequently

Element, aspect, object, factor, consideration

Excessively, inordinately, unduly

poverty

An excessive number of, a disproportionate number of

Excessive(ly)

Attempt, endeavour, strive

appreciate

Superfluous, redundant

vicissitudes

Extremely, in the extreme, immensely, intensely

Devoid of

produce

（3）亮点词汇

4

俗 雅

about as to

solve tackle/grapple with

because of attribute to /ascribe to

satisfy meet /tailor to/cater for/+sb.

finally end up doing/end with

right make sense

difference distinction

difficult Challenging/ laborious

fast-growing burgeoning population

make true fulfill (potential / promise / dream)

oppose frown on

show mirror/embody

according to in the eyes of

affect hinder

age era

aim target

and so on the like

appear mushroom/spring up/sprout up

ask consult

aspect sphere

attract tempt/appeal to

basis foundation

be able to be capable to

be convenient at one’s convenience

be obvious it goes without saying that…/it is arguable that

be rising skyrocket/rocket/soar

be surprised at be amazed at

because of due to

before original

build found / put up / shape

change modify/shift / fluctuation

change with vary with

cheating deception

clear evident / self-evident

come from stem from

control in the grips of

cooperate join hands with

decide determine

5

deep

develop

diligent

do

eat less

emphasis

Enable

encourage

endanger

enough

explain

fame

famous

famous people

feeling

focus on

forever

get rid of

give / supply

pay attention

to

global

go on

goal

good students

greetings

happiness

Have

important

improve

job

join

keep

kill oneself

know

knowledge

leave

limit

load

not know

number

profound/far-reaching

cultivate / build up

industrious

go in for / carry out

go on a diet

Put a high value on/ treasure v/value v/ cherish v

facilitate

Spur sb. on to /motivate

jeopardize

adequate

unravel the mystery of /account for/ be responsible for

prestige

prominent

galaxy

passion / sentiments

center on

permanent

eliminate

provide… with

give priority to

universal

bring forward

heart’s desire

top students

regards

well-being

possess/enjoy

essential / vital

enhance / boost / upgrade

occupation / employment

connect / participate / take part in

maintain / hold onto

commit suicide

grasp / be aware of / know about

command

depart from

confine

burden

be ignorant of

data / statistics

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produce

progress

purpose

generate

breakthrough

motive

附录2：名词动用表

table

名词

桌子

动词

开会时延期讨论提案等，也就是暂缓审议

感到得意或自豪

覆盖

例句

We are tabling this matter until further notice．我们延期讨论这件事，以后再说。

pride 荣誉

carpet 地毯

I have long prided myself on being a good teacher．我一向以身为一名称职的老师而自豪。

The flower girls carpeted the floor with rose petals before the bride’s entrance．新娘进来前，花童将玫瑰花瓣撒满了地板。

coat 外覆盖，包The ground is coated with snow. 白雪覆盖大地。

套 裹

floor 地踩足汽车When you see a police car，don’t floor it．当你看到警车板 的油门，时，别开快车。

加速开车The news really floored me；或使人惊I hadn’t been expecting it at all．这个消息真使我不知所讶。 措，完全出乎我的意料。

top 顶做得更If he had tried harder，端 好，或高he could have topped his class．假如他以前用功些，他过某人 会在班里名列前茅的。

our plan surely tops his.我们的计划当然比他的计划好。

flag 旗打旗号或The beach life-guards usually flag one another for c帜 做手势来ommunication．海滨救生员通常用旗号传达讯息。

传达讯When my car broke down，I flagged a police car．当息。 我的汽车抛锚的时候，我打了个手势招来一辆警车。

bridge 桥连接或沟The parents are trying to bridge the generation gap

梁、通 with their children．父母都在设法弥合与儿女的代沟。

桥

牌

soldier 士不畏困we have to soldier on under the hardest conditions．我们兵 难，坚持在最艰难的情况下，仍要勇敢前进。

下去

duck 鸭逃避、躲His speech was full of generalizations，子 避、回避 and ducked all the real issues．他的讲话全是泛泛而谈，回避了所有实质性的问题。

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chair 椅担任主She will chair the math department next semester．下学子、席、主持 期她将担任数学系主任。

主席（chairperson）

doctor 医篡改、They were charged with doctoring the election results．他生、对……做们因篡改选举结果而受到控告。

大手脚 these pictures have been doctored by some journalists.

夫 这些照片是经过某些记者加工的。

cushio坐缓和或降Powerful shock absorbers cushion our landing．有效的n 垫 低对某事缓冲装置缓解了我们着陆时的冲撞力。

的撞击或

震动

sandw三夹在…之The school is sandwiched by a hospital and a cinema. 这ich 明间 所学校位于医院和电影院之间。

治

quiet Adj. 使…安Time has quieted his anger at his children.时间冲淡了他安静；平息 对孩子的不满。

静

better Adj.使…变得We all come here to better our English.我们都是来这儿更更好；提提高英语的。

好高

的

cap 帽完成、使What’s the one thing you

子 圆满完成want to cap your stage career with before retirement？在（或结退休前，你特别希望做一件什么事来圆满结束你的舞束）之意，台生涯呢？

同时也有Our school will cap the white student enrollment to

限额、约promote its diversity programs．本校为了促进生源的种束或制止族多元性，对白人学生的生源加以了限制。

之意

corner 角将某人逼Finally，the escaped criminal was cornered．那名逃犯落 入困境或最终走投无路了。

令人无地

自容

dwarf 侏使…相形His speech dwarfed hers. 与他的演讲相比，她的演讲相儒 见绌 形见绌。

distan距冷淡、疏It is difficult for him to distance himself from her．对ce 离 远或与某他来说，疏远、冷淡她是很困难的。

人保持距离

book 书预订飞机Yesterday he booked a flight to Nanjing．昨天他预定了

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本

house

radio

房屋

收音机

空气

笔

轮船

地图

图片

air

Pen

ship

map

Picture

座位、机到南京的机票。

票、旅馆房间等

供给住所 The farmer has housed the horse in the barn．农夫把他的马圈在马厩里。

用无线电Every ship is required to radio its position．要求每一条发送讯船用无线电报告各自所在位置。

息，广播，发报。

转播 The final match of NBA is being aired live from Huston.正从休斯敦直播NBA总决赛。

用笔写 He pens down some words on the note book.他往笔记本上写了几个字。

船运 The two pandas will be shipped to Taiwan province next

week. 两只熊猫下周运往台湾省。

规划，描Can you map the development of evolution theory?你能述 描述一下进化论的发展情况吗？

描绘、描Can you picture what will happen to this city in twenty

述、想象 years?你能想象二十年后这座城市会发生什么吗？

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