2024年1月24日发(作者：)

浙江省新考纲模拟创新卷(一)英语

I .Phonetics(5 points)

1、Directions:In each of the following groups of words,there are four underlined letters

or letter combinations marked A, B, C and D. Compare the underlined parts and identify

the one that is different from the others in pronunciation. Mark your answer by

blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. [单选题] *

A、sh（ou）t

B、cl（ou）d

C、m（ou）se

D、t（ou）gh(正确答案)

2、 [单选题] *

A、f（ear）(正确答案)

B、b（ear）

C、w（ear）

D、p（ear）

3、 [单选题] *

A、p（o）st

B、c（o）st(正确答案)

C、m（o）st

D、h（o）st

4、 [单选题] *

A、cha（s）e

B、ba（s）e

C、ea（s）e(正确答案)

D、ca（s）e

5、 [单选题] *

A、（sc）are

B、（sc）ene(正确答案)

C、（sc）ore

D、（sc）ale

II. Vocabulary and Structure (15 points)

Directions: There are 15 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are

four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose one answer that best completes the sentence

and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

6、Johnson（ ）his meal when his friend Tim called him to eat out together. [单选题] *

A、had finished(正确答案)

B、has finished

C、finished

D、finishes

答案解析：【考情点拨】考查过去完成时。【应试指导】句意：当Johnson的朋友叫他一起出去吃饭时，他已经吃完饭了。空格后面时间状语从句中的谓语 动词为过去时，根据句意，空格处应用过去完成时，故选A。

7、Cultural exchange plays an important role（ ）promoting relation between the two

countries. [单选题] *

A、in(正确答案)

B、on

C、at

D、to

答案解析：【考情点拨】考查固定搭配。【应试指导】句意：文化交流在促进两国关系方面发挥着重要作用。play an important 为固定搭配，意为“在……中起重要作用”。

8、The two teachers taught him 30 years ago, but of them can recognize him now.（ ）

[单选题] *

A、either

B、none

C、each

D、neither(正确答案)

答案解析：【考情点拨】考查不定代词。【应试指导】句意：三十年前两位老师都教过他，但是现在老师们都认不出他了。根据but可知前后两句意思相反，即“现在老帅们认不出他了”，故排除A、C两项。none指“三者或三者以上任意一个都不…… ”,neither指“两者之间任意一个都不……”，故选D。

9、The education committee（ ）his proposal without giving him any reason. [单选题]

*

A、turned up

B、turned down(正确答案)

C、turned out

D、turned in

答案解析：【考情点拨】考查固定短语。【应试指导】句意:教育委员会没有给他任何理由就拒绝了他的建议。turned up意为“出现;调大",turned down 意为“疆绝；关小",turned out意为“结果是”，turned in意为“归还”，故选B。

10、He（ ）late into the night ,but now he goes to bed early due to health reasons. [单选题] *

A、used to work(正确答案)

B、used to working

C、is used to working

D、is used to work

答案解析：【考情点拨】考查固定短语。【应试指导】句意：以前他经常加班到深夜,但现在因为身体原因，他早早就睡了。used to do sth,意为“过去常常做某事"，be

used to doing sth.意为“习惯做某事”，故选A。

11、Modem science and technology has shortened the distance between people and

brought us（ ）closer. [单选题] *

A、most

B、much(正确答案)

C、too

D、very

答案解析：【考情点拨】考查副词辨析。【应试指导】句意：现代科学技术缩短了人与人之间的距离，拉近了我们的距离。分析句子可知，空格处需要填一个可以修饰形容词比较级closer的副词。most 一般修饰形容词的最高级形式，much可以修饰形容词的比较级形式,too和very不能修饰比较级，故选B。

12、The news（ ）the general manager had been arrested shocked everyone. [单选题] *

A、which

B、how

C、that(正确答案)

D、why

答案解析：【考情点拨】考查连词。【应试指导】句意：总经理被抓的消息震惊了所有人。分析句子可知，空格处需要填一个连接词引导同位语从句，且只起连接作用，不充当从句中的任何成分，故选C.

13、Researchers are trying to（ ）what's wrong with their experiments. [单选题] *

A、pull out

B、call out

C、take out

D、figure out(正确答案)

答案解析：【考情点拨】考查固定短语。【应试指导】句意:研究人员正试图找出他们实验中存在的问题。pull out意为“退出；（火车）驶出” , call out 意为“唤起，召集”，take out意为“取出，除去”，figure out意为“弄清楚”，故选D。

14、My computer broke down yesterday.I'll have it（ ）as soon as possible. [单选题] *

A、fixing

B、fixed(正确答案)

C、fix

D、to fix

答案解析：【考情点拨】考查have的使役用法。【应试指导】句意：我的电脑昨天坏了，我会尽快修好的。have sth. done为固定用法,have在这个搭配里是使役动词，意为“使某事被做”，强调某物被动地接受动作，并且可以不标明动作的施行者，只强调接受动作的一方，故选B。

15、The question I am going to raise today is in（ ）with yesterday's discussion. [单选题] *

A、connection(正确答案)

B、company

C、contrast

D、contact

答案解析：【考情点拨】考查固定短语。【应试指导】句意：我今天要提出的问题与昨天的讨论有关。be connection with意为“与……有关”，为固定搭配，且符合句意，故选A。 be in company with意为“随同，随行”，be in contrast with意为“与某物形式对比”，be in contact with意为“与某物接触；与某人交往”。

16、I still remember the house we（ ）lived when we arrived in Seattle in 2010. [单选题] *

A、when

B、that

C、which

D、where(正确答案)

答案解析：【考情点拨】考查连接词。【应试指导】句意：我仍然记得我们2010年到达西雅图时住的房子。分析句子可知，空格处需要填一个连接词引导定语从句。先行词是the house,定语从句中缺少地点状语,where可以作地点状语，故选D。

17、（ ）,the issue doesn51 seem to be difficult at all. [单选题] *

A、With my view

B、From my view

C、For my view

D、In my view(正确答案)

答案解析：【考情点拨】考查固定短语。【应试指导】句意：在我看来，这个问题似乎并不困难。in my view意为“在我看来”，为固定短语，故选D。

18、I couldn't go to the meeting because I had to（ ）my brother after his accident. [单选题] *

A、take after

B、look after(正确答案)

C、look over

D、take over

答案解析：【考情点拨】考查固定短语。【应试指导】句意：我不能去参加会议，因为我不得不在我哥哥出事后照顾他。take after意为“效仿，长得像”， look after意为“照顾",look over意为“仔细检養”，take over意为“接管”，故选B。

19、Tom （ ） the car accident if he hadns't drunk alcohol before driving. [单选题] *

A、would avoid

B、avoided

C、would have avoided(正确答案)

D、will avoid

答案解析：【考情点拨】考查虚拟语气。【应试指导】句意:如果Tom在开车前不喝酒，他本可以避免车祸。分析句子可知，该句是对过去的虚拟，从句 鬲谓语动词用had done形式，主奇的谓语钥词用would have done形式，故选C。

20、Whenever I was free, I would chat with John, Helen and a few （ ） friends. [单选题] *

A、the other

B、another

C、other(正确答案)

D、others

答案解析：【考情点拨】考查不定代词。【应试指导】句意:每当我有空的时候，我就会和Johnson,Helen还有其他几个朋友聊天。空格后为名词的复数形式，分析句子可知,空格处需填一个形容词。“the other +名词复数”特指某一范围内的“其他的（人或物）”，相当于the others,指剩余的全部;another泛指同类事物中三者或三者以上中的“另一个”；other作形容词时指"其他的”，作代词时指“另外一个”; others相当于"other +名词复数”，指剩余的另一些，并非全部。故选C。

III. Cloze

Directions：For each blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked A, B,

C and D. Choose the one that is most suitable and mark your answer by blackening the

corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

Teachers are some of the most important professionals in the world. They are responsible（21） preparing future generations to become productive and honest citizens, who will

（22） to society for the whole of their adult life. Obviously, the most common reason

（23） teachers decide to teach is the ability to make a difference. There are many

professions that give people the ability to have a （ n）（24） impact on the world and

change people' s lives , （25）few professions have a direct impact on （26） a better

society asteachers do. People tend to （27） their teachers for years after they finish

school, for good teachers can （28） their students to become something that they

（29） thought they could be, or to work （30） a field that they thought they did not

（31）. Teachers are also important because they provide （32） for their students. In

certain low-income areas （33） some students may not have both of their parents

（34） , teachers can provide an importaut influence that help s their students make the

right （35） , even when they are not in the lly, teachers' impact on

students can last all through their life.

21、 [单选题] *

A、of

B、in

C、for(正确答案)

D、to

答案解析：【考情点拨】介词辨析题。【应试指导】be responsible for通常指“对……负责任”，后接名词或动名词；而be responsible to通常指“对某人负责”，后加人或物,或接动词原形，表示"对做某事负有责任”。

22、 [单选题] *

A、attribute

B、contribute(正确答案)

C、substitute

D、distribute

答案解析：【考情点拨】动词辨析题。【应试指导】本句句意：他们有责任将后代培养成有贡献的诚实公民，在其整个成年生活中为社会做出贡献。 attribute意为“把……归因于"；contribute意为“捐献，做贡献”，常与to搭配;substitute意为“代替”；distribute意 为"分配”。根据句意，故选B。

23、 [单选题] *

A、what

B、why(正确答案)

C、which

D、how

答案解析：【考情点拨】连词辨析题。【应试指导】分析句子可知，空格处需填一个引导定语从句的连接词。根据句意可知，教师决定教书的最常见 原因是能够改

变现状。reason作先行词，定语从句表示某事物的原因，则引导词用why。故选B。

24、 [单选题] *

A、firm

B、positive(正确答案)

C、definite

D、absolute

答案解析：【考情点拨】形容词辨析。【应试指导】本句句意：有很多职业让人们有能力对世界产生积极的影响，改变人们的生活。firm意为"坚定的"，positive意为“积极的”,definite意为“明确的",absolute意为“绝对的”。根据句意，故选B。

25、 [单选题] *

A、or

B、but(正确答案)

C、so

D、and

答案解析：【考情点拨】连词辨析题。【应试指导】本句句意:但是很少有职业像教师一样对创造一个更好的社会有直接的影响。根据空格前的 many professions和空格后的few professions以及句意可知，空格前后句子之间为转折关系，but意为“但是"，表转折，故选B。

26、 [单选题] *

A、creating(正确答案)

B、discovering

C、inventing

D、designing

答案解析：【考情点拨】动词辨析题。【应试指导】本句句意:很少有职业能像教师那样对创造一个更好的社会有直接影响。creating意为"创造”， discovering意为“发现”,inventing意为“发明”，designing意为“设计”。根据句意，故选A.

27、 [单选题] *

A、remind

B、remember(正确答案)

C、reflect

D、review

答案解析：【考情点拨】动词辨析题。【应试指导】本句句意：人们在完成学业后往往会记住他们的老师很多年。remind意为"提醒，使想起”， remember意为“记得”,reflect意为“反映',review意为“复查；重新考虑”。根据句意，故选B。

28、 [单选题] *

A、inspire(正确答案)

B、force

C、order

D、demand

答案解析：【考情点拨】动词辨析题。【应试指导】本句句意：因为好的老师可以激励他们的学生成为他们从未想过成为的样子。inspire意为"激励”,force意为“强迫”,order意为“命令”，demand意为“要求”。根据句意，故选A。

29、 [单选题] *

A、never(正确答案)

B、rather

C、ever

D、still

答案解析：【考情点拨】副词辨析题。【应试指导】本句强调老师对学生能够起到巨大的激励作用。never意为“从不”，rather为“相当；稍微”,ever 意为“曾经”，still意为“仍然”。根据句意，故选A。

30、 [单选题] *

A、in(正确答案)

B、on

C、as

D、at

答案解析：【考情点拨】介词辨析题。【应试指导】本句句意：好的老师可以激励他们的学生成为他们从未想过成为的样子，或者在他们认为无法胜任的领域工作。in a field意为“在某一领域”，符合题意，故选A。

31、 [单选题] *

A、act

B、fit(正确答案)

C、ask

D、sit

答案解析：【考情点拨】动词辨析题。【应试指导】本句句意:好的老师可以激励他们的学生成为他们从未想过成为的样子，或者在他们认为自己不适合的领域工作。act意为“行动，表现”，fit意为“适合”，ask意为“询问”，sit意为“坐下”。根据句意，故选B。

32、 [单选题] *

A、requests

B、commands

C、guidance(正确答案)

D、reference

答案解析：【考情点拨】名词辨析题。【应试指导】本句句意：教师的重要性还在于他们为学生提供指导。requests意为“要求",commands意为“命令”,guidance意知'指导”，reference意为“参考”。根据句意，故选C。

33、 [单选题] *

A、when

B、where(正确答案)

C、what

D、which

答案解析：【考情点拨】连词辨析题。【应试指导】本句句意：在某些低收入地区，一些学生的父母可能不在他们身边，教师可以产生重要的影响，帮助学生做出正确的决定。分析句子可知，空格所在处需填定语从句引导词，且在从句中作地点状语，故选B。

34、 [单选题] *

A、away

B、ahead

C、along

D、around(正确答案)

答案解析：【考情点拨】副词辨析题。【应试指导】away意易“离开，在别处”，ahead意为“在前面”，along意为“向前；一起”，around意为“四周，周围”，have ...around意为“有……在身边”，符合题意,故选D。

35、 [单选题] *

A、decisions(正确答案)

B、revisions

C、correction

D、connection

答案解析：【考情点拨】名词辨析题。【应试指导】 decisions意为“决定”，revisions意为“修订，复习”,correction意为“改正”,connection意为“联系”, make the

right decisions意为“做出定确决定”，符合题意，故定A。

IV. Reading Comprehension (60 points)

Directions: There are five reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by four

questions.

For each question there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the

best answer and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

Passage One

Music is part of the structure of our society ； it sits at the heart of human experience and

enriches （丰富）so many lives. Why, then, is it not central to our education system?

This is a question I recently put forward to an all-party group on music education. 1 am

20 years old and began playing the piano at the Bairacudas Band in Barrow-in-Fumess,

aged seven. The funding for the centre has now been cut. I took part in the primary

tuition project, aged 11. The funding for that has also been cut now. It is a common

problem across the country. Music is not an add-on, a "soft" subject or a luxury——it is

absolutely essential to our existence. Every child deserves the opportunity to experience

its benefits. Until music is held in the same regard as the "core" subjects of our

curriculum, our society will be worse off. We need joy, empathy （共情）and hope on

this planet more than ever, and taking away children' s opportunity to develop musical

skills is to set ourselves up for a fall. Despite the many brilliant programs and projects to

encourage young musi_x001f_cians （"Every Child a Musician,n u Awards for Young

Musicians,n to name but a few） , we are reaching a crisis point. We are in danger of

destroying creativity, innovation （创新）and expression. Learning an instrument can

help develop so many fundamental life skills. It promotes discipline, empathy,

determination and cooperation as well as providing a sense of community and worth.

Music has changed my life. It is a huge part of who I am. I have learned so much about

the world through music and the inspiring figures I have met through it. I feel I have a

duty to help ensure that others can benefit from its magic. Let us make it available to

every single child.

36、Why did the author raise the question on music education? [单选题] *

A、The funding for music education has been cut.(正确答案)

B、The band the author joined in has broken up.

C、The project the author was in no longer exists.

D、The tuition fee for music training has risen.

答案解析：【考情点拨】事实细节题。【应试指导】文章第二段"The funding for

the centre has now been cut" “The funding for that has also been cut now” 表明，音乐教育的经费被削减了。

37、What does the author think of the role of music? [单选题] *

A、It is important for dealing with social crises.

B、It may offer children future job opportunities.

C、It is fundamental to the growth of a child.(正确答案)

D、It can help children leam core subjects.

答案解析：【考情点拨】推理判断题。【应试指导】文章第三段提到，音乐不是附加的，不是“软”科目，也不是奢侈品——它绝对是我们生存的必需品，每个孩子都应该有机会体验它的好处。由此可以推断出，音乐对孩子成长是至关重要的。

38、What is the theme of the passage? [单选题] *

A、Music education should be available to every child.(正确答案)

B、Music training programs should be provided free.

C、Music should be placed at the top of the curriculum.

D、Music should be made popular across the country.

答案解析：【考情点拨】主旨大意题。【应试指导】文章第一段提到音乐是我们社会结构的一部分，它是人类经验的核心。第二段提到如今对孩子的音乐教育的经费被削减了。第三段再次强调音乐是我们生存的必需品，每个孩子都应该有机会体验它的好处，剥夺孩子们发展音乐技能的机会，就等于让我们自己陷入困境。最后一段作者通过自己的经历强调音乐对人成长的重要性。所以文章的主旨是每一个孩子都应该接受音乐教育。

39、What is the author! s attitude towards music? [单选题] *

A、Positive.(正确答案)

B、Critical.

C、Doubtful.

D、Indifferent.

答案解析：【考情点拨】观点态度题【应试指导】纵观全文，作者强调了音乐的重要性，认为音乐可以带来欢乐、共情和希望，能增强纪律、同情心、 决心和合作，并提供一种社区感和价值感。因此，对于音乐作著怀有积极的态度。

Passage Two

In 2011, a dog owner named Robert uploaded a video titled "Guilty!” to YouTube. He

had come home finding his two dogs near an empty bag of cat treats. The first dog

behaved calmly. But the second dog, Denver, sat shaking in a corner ? her eyes looking

down, which made Robert believe it was she who had done it. Seeing her apparent

admission of guilt," he yelled at her, uYou did this!" Denver beat her tail nervously. a

You know the routine. In the kennel （狗窝）！" Following the command, the dog shut

herself in. The video quickly gathered a flood of comments. Since then, udog shaming,J

has become popular on the internet, as owners around the world posted beside notes shots

of their trembling pets in which the dogs seemed to admit bad behavior. For instance, “I

ate an extra large pizza,” admits a chocolate Lab. But according to a researcher at

Barnard College, what we consider to be a dog' s guilty look is no sign of guilt at all. In a

2009 study, the researcher had owners forbid their dogs from eating an attractive treat ?

and then asked the owners to leave the room. While each owner was gone ? the

researcher either removed the treat or fed it to the dog. When the owners returned ? they

were told—regardless of the truth一that their dogs either had or had not eaten it. If

owners thought their dogs had done something wrong, blames followed, and guilty looks

quickly emerged. Yet dogs who hadnJ t eaten the treat were more likely to appear guilty

than dogs who had一so long as their owners scolded them. Far from signaling regret,

one group of researchers wrote in a 2012 paper 5 the guilty look of dogs is very likely a

means to show obedience （顺从）to their owners.

40、What did Robert want to show with his video on YouTube? [单选题] *

A、Dogs' conflict with other pets.

B、Dog's naughty behaviors.

C、Dogs' trust in their owners.

D、Dogs' apparent guilty looks.(正确答案)

答案解析：【考情点拨】事实细节题。【应试指导】根据文章第一段中的“a video

titled，‘Guilty’! ” “Seeing her apparent admission of guilt”可知， Robert想在YouTube上向他的视频展示狗内疚的表情。

41、How did people react to Robert's video? [单选题] *

A、They started to share dog-shaming photos.(正确答案)

B、They began to blame their own dogs.

C、They began to read stories about dogs.

D、 They started to show sympathy for his dog.

答案解析：【考情点拨】事实细节题【应试指导】根据文章第二段“‘dog shaming'

has become popular on the internet, as owners around the world posted beside notes shots

of their trembling pets in which the dogs seemed to admit bad behavior”可知，人们看到

Robert的视频后，开始在网上分享狗内疚的表情的图片。

42、What does “a chocolate Lab” in Paragraph 2 refer to? [单选题] *

A、A scientist.

B、A dog.(正确答案)

C、A researcher.

D、A cat.

答案解析：【考情点拨】推理判断题。【应试指导】文章第二段提到，人们看到Robert的视频后，开始在网上分享狗内疚的表情的图片，它们颤抖着承认百已干了坏事。由此可以推断，a chocolate Lab是一只狗。

43、Why do dogs wear a guilty look according to the researchers? [单选题] *

A、To attract their owners'attention.

B、To deceive their owners.

C、To beg their owners for treats.

D、To show obedience to their owners.(正确答案)

答案解析：【考情点拨】事实细节题。【应试指导】文章最后一段最后一句提到，狗做出内疚的表情很可能是向主人表示服从的一种方式。

Passage Three

In the race to the moon, who came in first? You might say the answer is Neil Armstrong,

Buzz Aldiin, and Michael Collins 3 the crew of Apollo 11. Or you could represent for the

crew of Apollo 10 , which reached the moon in May 1969 and then headed back to Earth

without landing. But there is a much stranger answer to this question, depending on how

much you care about humans and what your definition （定义）of reaching the moon

might be. Before any people aiiived at the moon, other animals had got there first. And

unlike the dogs and monkeys that were made famous in early space shots and Earth orbits,

the first creatures to reach the moon were a pair of tortoises, Discovery，s Amy Shira

Teitel reminded us. The Soviet spacecraft （航天器）sent the animals around the

moon——although not into its orbit— during a mission in the middle of September, 1968.

The unmanned （无人驾驶的）ciaft then returned to Earth and dashed into the Indian

Ocean, after which the Russians recovered the craft. A month later 3 Soviet scientists

revealed that the spacecraft had been a tiny ship, carrying the tortoises 5 wine flies, meal

worms, plants, seeds, bacteria, and other living matter. The tortoises ? as histoiy records,

lost about 10 percent of their body weight, but had a. healthy appetite when they returned

to Earth. In the following checkups comparing the animals to stay-at-home turtles used as

a test control,most things seemed normal, aside from some vaguely explained minor

problems with the liver. What this all means is that, as Teitel explained, "The first living

beings to see an Earthrise from the Moon were Russian tortoises. However? as far as I

can tell, the animals were not named. ”

44、According to the passage, which of the following reached the moon first? [单选题]

*

A、A pair of tortoises.(正确答案)

B、American astronauts.

C、Russian astronauts.

D、Dogs and monkeys.

答案解析：【考情点拨】事实细节题。【应试指导】文章第三段最后一句提到，最先到达月球的是一对乌龟。

45、What happened to the Soviet spacecraft? [单选题] *

A、It was wrecked during the mission.

B、It was recovered after its return to Earth.(正确答案)

C、It stayed in the moon's orbit.

D、It disappeared in the outer space.

答案解析：【考情点拨】事实细节题。【应试指导】文章第四段提到，1968年9月中旬的一次任务中，苏联的航天器将动物送入月球周围——虽然没有进入月球轨道。无人驾驶的飞船随后返回地球，冲入印度洋，之后俄罗斯人回收了飞船。

46、What was the biggest change in the tortoises in Paragraph 6? [单选题] *

A、They showed abnormal behaviors.

B、They had serious liver problems.

C、They lost their appetite for food.

D、They had obviously lost weight.(正确答案)

答案解析：【考情点拨】事实细节题。【应试指导】文章第六段提到，据史料记载，这些乌龟的体重下降了约10%,但回到，地球后却有健康的食欲。 在接下来的检查中，将这些动物与"作为试验对照的留守龟”进行比较，除了一些解释不清的肝脏小问题外，大多数事情似乎都很正常。

47、What do Teitel's words in the last paragraph imply? [单选题] *

A、The tortoises were fond of seeing Earthrise.

B、The tortoises were not given due credit for their experience(正确答案)

C、The tortoises were not named after the Soviet spacecraft

D、The tortoises were famous all over the world.

答案解析：【考情点拨】推理判断题。【应试指导】文章最后一段提到，第一个从月球上看到地球升起的生物是俄罗斯乌龟。然而，据Teitel所知，这些动物并没有被命名。由此可知，这些乌龟并没有因为它们的经历而得到应有的荣誉。

Passage Four

Vegans try to live, as much as possible, in a way that avoids exploiting and being cruel to

animals. This means following a plant-based diet. Vegans do not eat animals or animal-based products like meat, fish, seafood? eggs? honey and dairy products such as cheese.

For many vegans3 living a committed vegan lifestyle means not wearing clothes made

from animal skins and avoiding any products which have been tested on animals. Vegans

argue that suffering is caused in the production of these foods. For example, they say that,

on some dairy farms, male calves （小牛）are killed because they are too expensive to

keep, and cows are killed when they get older and produce less milk. As for honey,

vegans say that bees make honey for bee, not for humans, and that bees' health can suffer

when humans take the honey from them. Vegans believe that the products they use and

consume should be free from not just cruelty but any exploitation of animals. The main

reason for going vegan is probably that they believe animals and all other sentient （有感知能力的）beings should have the right to life and freedom. However,there are other

reasons. Vegans argue that the production of meat and other animal products is very bad

for the environment. They point out that a huge quantity of water is needed to grow grain

to feed animals in the meat industry. The enormous amount of grain which the meat

industiy needs often leads to forests being cut down and habitats （栖息地）being lost.

In contrast ? much lower quantities of grain and water are needed to sustain a vegan diet.

In addition ? many vegans say that all the nutritious elements our bodies need are

contained in a carefully planned vegan diet and that this type of diet helps prevent some

diseases.

48、What is a vegan in this passage? [单选题] *

A、A person who likes to grow vegetables.

B、A person who is fond of eating meat.

C、A person who keeps a plant-based diet.(正确答案)

D、A person who stays away from animals.

答案解析：【考情点拨】事实细节题。【应试指导】文章第一段第一、二句提到，素食主义者尽量避免以剥削和虐待动物的方式生活，这意味着他们吃的是以植物为基础的食物。

49、Which of the following could be found in a vegan's diet? [单选题] *

A、Eggs.

B、Honey.

C、Milk.

D、Potatoes.(正确答案)

答案解析：【考情点拨】事实细节题。【应试指导】文章第一段第三句提到，素食主义者不吃动物或以动物为基础的产品，如肉、鱼、海鲜、鸡蛋、蜂蜜 和乳制品（如奶酪）。

50、What belief do vegans hold? [单选题] *

A、Animals can help improve the environment.

B、Animals have the right to life and freedom.(正确答案)

C、Animal products lead to the rise of grain output.

D、Animal products are far more nutritious.

答案解析：【考情点拨】事实细节题。【应试指导】文章第三段第一句提到，素食主义者认为动物和所有其他有感知能力的生物应该有生命和自由的权利。

51、What does the author want to imply in this passage? [单选题] *

A、Going vegan consumes more water and grain.

B、Going vegan enables people to live a healthier life.(正确答案)

C、Going vegan helps to develop meat industry.

D、Going vegan has been a lifestyle for the majorities.

答案解析：【考情点拨】推理判断题。【应试指导】文章第一段描述了素食主义者的生活方式，第二、三段讲成为素食主义者的原因，并且第三段最后一句提到，我们身体所需的所有营养元素都包含在精心规划的素食中，这种饮食方式有助于预防一些疾病。 所以成为素食主义者可以让人们更健康地生活。

Passage Five

There are many interesting news items in BP's （英国石油公司）annual Energy

Outlook just pub_x001f_lished. But perhaps the most astonishing suggestion in the report

is the idea that cutting back on plastic use could make matters worse. This might be what

you would expect BP to say. After all, as one of the world' s biggest oil companies, it

makes a lot of money from selling products in plastic. But let' s look at the thinking

behind BP' s argument. If the current opposing idea about the use of plastic continues,

there could be a worldwide ban on single-use plastics by 2040. But the document argues

that switching plastic for other materials will have a bigger cost in terms of energy and

carbon emissions （排放）.That sounds like the law of unintended （非故意的）consequences in plastic bags are measured against paper or cotton

substitutes, a BBC analysis found there wasn' t a great deal of difference in their

environmental impact. Paper bags require fewer reuses to make them more

environmentally friendly than single-use plastic bags, which means customers have to

replace paper bags more frequently. Environmentalists, though, are not entirely

convinced. They think that BP is stressing the problem of banning plastic for its own

interest. "While it's true that it takes less energy to produce and transport plastic than

glass, a glass bottle can be reused dozens of times and is recyclable. Plus, materials like

glass when they escape collection don't go on polluting our oceans and rivers for

hundreds of years，"said Louise Edge, from Greenpeace UK. Steps to encourage

recycling are being taken. The UK, for example, will introduce a new tax on the

manufacture and import of plastic packaging in 2022. There are also lots of developments

taking place with alternative materials. These may be the final defense against the

unintended consequences of plastic bans.

52、What is astonishing about BP's annual report? [单选题] *

A、BP has earned a lot of money by selling plastic products.

B、Cutting back on plastic use may bring more problems.(正确答案)

C、BP has become one of the world, s biggest oil companies.

D、Cutting back on plastic use may affect product quality.

答案解析：【考情点拨】事实细节题。【应试指导】文章第一段第一、二句提到，英国石油公司刚刚发布的年度《能源展望》中有许多有趣的新闻，但报告中最令人吃惊的建议可能是，减少塑料的使用可能会使事情变得更糟。

53、Which of the following could be banned worldwide by 2040? [单选题] *

A、Second-hand cotton begs.

B、Reusable paper bags.

C、Single-use plastic bags.(正确答案)

D、Recyclable glass bottles.

答案解析：【考情点拨】事实细节题。【应试指导】文章第二段第一句提到，如果继续反对使用塑料，到2040年可能.会在全球范围内禁止使用一次性塑料制品。

54、According to environmentalists, what causes BP to oppose banning plastics? [单选题] *

A、Its consideration of its own interest.(正确答案)

B、Its worry about the loss of consumers.

C、Its desire to influence world economy.

D、Its concern about the environment.

答案解析：【考情点拨】事实细节题。【应试指导】文章第三段第一、二句提到，环保主义者认为，英国石油公司是为了自己的利益而突出禁用塑料会带来的问题。

55、What measure is being taken by the UK to cut back on the use of plastics? [单选题]

*

A、Forbidding the import of plastic bags.

B、Banning the manufacture of plastic bags.

C、Taxing on the use of plastic bags.

D、Developing alternative materials to plastic.(正确答案)

答案解析：【考情点拨】事实细节题。【应试指导】文章最后一段第二句提到，英国将在2022年对塑料包装的生产和进口征收新税，以此来缩减塑料的使用，并不是禁止进口或生产塑料袋，也没有提到要对使用塑料袋征税。第三句提到同时也在发展它的代替品。

VI. Writing（25 points）

Directions：For this part, you are supposed to write an e-mail in about 100 -120 words

based on the following situation. Remember to write it clearly.

61、你（Li Yuan）收到美国朋友Thomas的e-mail,他提及要来中国留学的想法。请给他回一封 e-mail,内容包括： •欢迎他来中国留学；•推荐一所学校；•介绍该学校所在的城市；•表达为他提供帮助的意愿。 [填空题]

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