2024年1月13日发(作者：)

英语翻译CATTI备考：2021政府报告常用词-企业

”企业“的几个译法

•

enterprise

大中小企业: small, medium, and large enterprises

国有企业：state-owned enterprises (SOE)

中小微企业：micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs),

小微企业：small enterprises

企业养老保险基金：enterprise workers’ old-age insurance

funds

制造业企业：manufacturing enterprises

领军企业：leading enterprises

•

business：其中一些用法和前面的 enterprise 一样了

中小微企业：micro and small businesses

小微企业：micro and small businesses

民营企业：private businesses

企业和员工：businesses and their employees

•

corporate：这个在这里其实是用作形容词吧，公司的

企业所得税: corporate income tax credits

•

Company:

平台企业: platform companies

外资企业: foreign companies

•

firm：这种规模比较小，比如律师事务所等

中小外贸企业: small and medium foreign trade firms

比较几个词

我对这几个词的区别不是很专业，大致的理解(也许是错的）就是：

enterprise > corporation > company > firm

具体可以参考：Company，Corporation，Incorporation，Enterprise，Firm 对应中文分别是什么？在中美的法律层面有什么区别？- 知乎[1]

提取的与“企业”有关的双语句子

帮助受冲击最直接且量大面广的中小微企业和个体工商户渡难关。

And we helped micro, small, and medium enterprises

(MSMEs) and self-employed individuals, which are large in

number, extensive in scope and took the most direct hit from

Covid-19, weather what was a very tough time.

对中小微企业贷款延期还本付息，大型商业银行普惠小微企业贷款增长 50%以上，

MSMEs were allowed to postpone principal and interest

repayments on their loans, and inclusive finance lending by large

commercial banks to micro and small businesses increased by

more than 50 percent.

对大企业复工复产加强“点对点”服务。

Point-to-point transportation services were provided to large

enterprises to help them resume operations.

各地加大稳岗扩岗激励力度，企业和员工共同克服困难。

Local governments across the country provided more

incentives to stabilize and expand employment, thus enabling

businesses and their employees to work hand-in-hand to

overcome their difficulties.

出台国企改革三年行动方案。支持民营企业发展。

We adopted a three-year action plan for SOE reform and

supported the development of private businesses.

支持科技成果转化应用，促进大中小企业融通创新，推广全面创新改革试验相关举措。

We supported the application of scientific and technological

advances, encouraged collaborative innovation among small,

medium, and large enterprises, and promoted pilot reforms on

all-around innovation.

保障养老金按时足额发放，实现企业养老保险基金省级统收统支。

Pension benefits were paid on time and in full, and

provincial-level collection and payout of enterprise workers’

old-age insurance funds was realized.

中小微企业和个体工商户困难较多，稳就业压力较大。

Our MSMEs and self-employed individuals are still finding

the going tough, and the pressure in maintaining stable

employment is mounting.

提升企业技术创新能力，激发人才创新活力，完善科技创新体制机制，

We will enhance the capacity of enterprises to make

technological innovation, unlock the creativity of talent, and

improve the systems and mechanisms for making scientific and

technological innovation.

对小微企业和个体工商户年应纳税所得额不到 100 万元的部分，在现行优惠政策基础上，再减半征收所得税。

On the basis of preferential policies already in force, we will

halve the income tax of micro and small enterprises and self-employed individuals on annual taxable income below one

million yuan.

进一步解决中小微企业融资难题。

Further steps will be taken to address the financing

difficulties of MSMEs.

延续普惠小微企业贷款延期还本付息政策，加大再贷款再贴现支持普惠金融力度。

We will continue the policy of allowing micro and small

enterprises to defer principal and interest repayments on

inclusive-finance loans, and increase support for inclusive finance

via re-lending and rediscounting.

延长小微企业融资担保降费奖补政策，完善贷款风险分担补偿机

制。

We will continue the policy of providing rewards and

subsidies to reduce financing guaranty fees for micro and small

businesses, and improve mechanisms for risk sharing and

compensation for loan defaults.

推广随借随还贷款，使资金更多流向科技创新、绿色发展，更多流向小微企业、个体工商户、新型农业经营主体，对受疫情持续影响行业企业给予定向支持。

We will extend the pay-as-you-go lending model, channel

more funds into scientific and technological innovation, green

development initiatives, micro and small enterprises, self-employed individuals, and new types of agribusiness, and

provide targeted support for enterprises and industries enduring

a sustained hit from Covid-19.

大型商业银行普惠小微企业贷款增长 30%以上。

inclusive loans to micro and small businesses by large

commercial banks will increase by over 30 percent this year.

适当降低小微企业支付手续费。

Appropriate reductions will be made to transaction fees

levied on micro and small businesses.

今年务必做到小微企业融资更便利、综合融资成本稳中有降。

This year, we must see that micro and small businesses have

easier access to financing, and that their overall financing costs

steadily drop.

着力稳定现有岗位，对不裁员少裁员的企业，

We will continue to provide adequate fiscal, tax, and financial

policy support to businesses that do not cut jobs or only cut a

small number of them.

完善市场主体退出机制，实行中小微企业简易注销制度。

The mechanism for market entities to exit the market will be

refined, and the system for deregistering MSMEs with simplified

procedures will be implemented.

用改革办法推动降低企业生产经营成本。

We will work to reduce enterprises ’ production and

operating costs through reform.

允许所有制造业企业参与电力市场化交易，

All manufacturing enterprises will be allowed to engage in

market-based electricity transactions.

中小企业宽带和专线平均资费再降 10%。

Average rates for broadband and dedicated internet access

services for small and medium enterprises will be lowered by

another 10 percent.

鼓励受疫情影响较大的地方对承租国有房屋的服务业小微企业和个体工商户减免租金。

Governments in localities that were hit hard by Covid-19 will

be encouraged to lower or waive rentals on state-owned

property for micro and small businesses in the service sector and

for self-employed individuals.

深入实施国企改革三年行动，做强做优做大国有资本和国有企业。

We will continue to implement the three-year action plan for

SOE reform, and work to strengthen, expand, and increase the

returns on state capital and enhance the strength, quality, and

size of SOEs.

深化国有企业混合所有制改革。

We will also push ahead with mixed-ownership reform in

SOEs.

构建亲清政商关系，破除制约民营企业发展的各种壁垒。健全防范和化解拖欠中小企业账款长效机制。弘扬企业家精神。

We will build a cordial and clean relationship between

government and business, remove barriers to the development

of private businesses, improve the long-term mechanism for

preventing and resolving late payments to small and medium

businesses, and promote an entrepreneurial spirit.

国家支持平台企业创新发展、增强国际竞争力，同时要依法规范发展，健全数字规则。

The state supports platform enterprises in pursuing

innovative development and enhancing international

competitiveness; it will ensure that their business operations are

well-regulated in accordance with the law and take steps to refine

digital rules.

运用市场化机制激励企业创新。

We will leverage market forces to encourage enterprises to

engage in innovation.

强化企业创新主体地位，鼓励领军企业组建创新联合体，

We will boost the principal role of enterprises in innovation,

and encourage leading enterprises to establish innovation

consortia.

延续执行企业研发费用加计扣除 75%政策，将制造业企业加计扣除比例提高到 100%，

We will continue to implement the policy of granting an extra

tax deduction of 75 percent on enterprises ’ R&D costs, and we

will raise this to 100percent for manufacturing enterprises.

用税收优惠机制激励企业加大研发投入，着力推动企业以创新引领发展。

By employing such mechanisms for preferential tax

treatment, we can encourage enterprises to increase R&D

spending and pursue innovation-driven development.

对先进制造业企业按月全额退还增值税增量留抵税额，提高制造业贷款比重，扩大制造业设备更新和技术改造投资。

We will refund all due VAT credits to advanced

manufacturing enterprises on a monthly basis, raise the

proportion of loans to the manufacturing sector, and increase

investment in the equipment upgrades and technology

transformations of manufacturing enterprises.

实施好产业基础再造工程，发挥大企业引领支撑和中小微企业协作配套作用。

We will implement projects for upgrading foundational

industrial infrastructure and give full play to large enterprises’

capacity to provide leadership and support, and to the

collaborative and supporting role of MSMEs.

发展工业互联网，促进产业链和创新链融合，搭建更多共性技术研发平台，提升中小微企业创新能力和专业化水平。

We will further develop the industrial internet, promote the

integration of industrial and innovation chains, and build

additional platforms for generic technology R&D to enhance the

capacity of MSMEs for making innovations and engaging in

specialized production.

鼓励企业创新产品和服务，便利新产品市场准入，推进内外贸产品同线同标同质。

We will ensure that products sold domestically are produced

on the same production lines, meet the same standards, and are

of the same quality as exported products.

引导平台企业合理降低商户服务费。

We will also encourage platform companies to reduce their

service fees as appropriate.

简化投资审批程序，推进实施企业投资项目承诺制。

investment approval procedures will be streamlined, and the

business-invested project commitment system will be put into

practice.

加强对中小外贸企业信贷支持，扩大出口信用保险覆盖面、优化

承保和理赔条件，

We will increase credit support to small and medium foreign

trade firms, expand the coverage of export credit insurance and

streamline the conditions for insurance acceptance and claims

settlement.

稳定加工贸易，发展跨境电商等新业态新模式，支持企业开拓多元化市场。

We will keep the processing trade stable, develop new forms

and models of trade such as cross-border e-commerce, and

support enterprises in diversifying their markets overseas.

促进内外资企业公平竞争，依法保护外资企业合法权益。

We will promote fair competition between domestic and

foreign companies and protect the lawful rights and interests of

foreign-invested enterprises.

坚持共商共建共享，坚持以企业为主体、遵循市场化原则，健全多元化投融资体系，强化法律服务保障，有序推动重大项目合作，推进基础设施互联互通。

We will, with enterprises as the main actors and acting on

market principles, set up a sound, diversified investment and

financing framework, provide better legal services and

safeguards, and work to steadily advance cooperation on major

projects and promote infrastructure connectivity.

扩大环境保护、节能节水等企业所得税优惠目录范围，促进新型节能环保技术、装备和产品研发应用，培育壮大节能环保产业，推动资源节约高效利用。

We will expand the catalog of corporate income tax credits

for environmental protection and the conservation of water and

energy, and promote the development and application of new

types of energy-efficient and eco-friendly technologies,

equipment and products, and the cultivation of energy-saving

and environmental protection industries to ensure the

conservation and efficient use of resources.

参考资料

[1]

Company，Corporation，Incorporation，Enterprise，Firm

对应中文分别是什么？在中美的法律层面有什么区别？- 知乎:

/question/24837502