2023年7月18日发(作者：)

Narrating an Event or a routine

Although I can laugh about it now, the experience that took place last Saturday afternoon was

actually quite embarrassing. As part of my duties as a state policeman, I was assigned to give

driver examinations. It was a very hot and humid day that progressed much too slowly, but,

finally, I gave my last test--- to a woman. I failed the lady because she had driven her car up over

a curb. I took time to explain to her that I could not possibly pass anyone who drove a vehicle up

over a curb during a driver’s test. She accepted the explanation calmly, and then we went inside

the exam center where I stamped “Did Not Pass” on her permit. The disappointed woman

then stepped outside to wait for her husband. By this time, I was falling behind schedule, so I

backed up a few feet, cut the wheels to the right, and then started to drive away, but, suddenly I

heard a loud bang. As my car rocked and swayed, my face grew redder and redder. Much to my

embarrassment, I had driven the patrol car over a high curb and damaged the end. As fate would

have it, the woman IO had failed was standing about twenty feet away--- shaking her finger at me

and laughing hysterically, I wanted to crawl into a hole; I quickly departed and prayed that I would

never have to meet my lady friend at the exam center again.

Useful Expressions

Words and phrases of frequency used in describing a routine:

Always usually frequently often generally sometimes regularly customarily

for all time commonly habitually occasionally more often than not infrequently

seldom rarely on the odd occasion hardly ever never

Time connectors used for chronological order:

Before after when while then until as meanwhile next later

and simultaneously during afterwards as soon as soon after

at the same time later on in a while following that after that at

that point first,…second,

Describing a person, an object, a place

My sister is a boyish girl. Her hair is short and straight just like a boy’s. She doesn’t like bright

colors such as red, yellow, pink and green, but likes white, black and grey best. Never caring for

skirts, stockings and stylish shoes, she loves wearing jackets and jeans. A pair if while sneakers

are always on her feet. Sometimes she wears a men’s suit and a pair of men’s leather shoes as if

she were a gentleman. Basketball and football are her favorite sports. She always shouts and

cheers excitedly when she is watching a football match. When she is with her friends, she often

says “Ladies first” to other girls. The most interesting thing is that she has been mistaken for a

boy many times. And she is very pleased with that. She always says that Mom made a mistake

and she should have been a boy.

Useful Expressions

Face: round/ angular/broad/oval/narrow flat/ heart-shaped/oblong/moon-shaped/square Eyes: Big/sleepy/small/sad/beady/smiling/bulging/snapping/bloodshot/flashing/empty/staring

Eyebrows: thick/arched/uneven/neatly/plucked

Voice: booming/rasping/squeaky/harsh/deep/growling/melodious

Hair: wavy/blond/loose/long/short/gray/black/pigtail/ponytail/curly

Mouth: small/ big/full-lipped/thin-lipped/turned-down

Nose: broad/small/straight/short/crooked/wide/flat

Complexion: pale/fair/sallow/ruddy/dark/rosy/spotty/creamy/pink/freckle/bold

Others: cleft chin/pointed-chin/double chin/high or low forehead/protruding forehead/wrinkled

forehead/full mustache/ thin mustache/ bushy beard/side-burn

Body and Build: round-shouldered/thick-set/broad chest/

Fat: plump/overweight/robust/stout/thick/heavy

Thin: slim/lean/slender/skinny

Tall: rangy/towering/statuesque

Short: tiny/little/petite/squat/stumpy/dwarfish/stunted

Describing an object

My car was stolen the other day and I was surprised that it had been taken because there were

plenty of faster, more up-to-date models in the street. My car is a standard 1965 Mini,

painted res, number ABC 146C. It is in good condition, except that there is a lot of play in

the steering. In fact, I was on my way to the garage to have the steering adjusted when

the car was stolen. The only accessories are the seat belts, also of standard make and

design. The only distinguishing mark that would help police trace the thief is a scratch on

the paintwork about three inches long just above the left rear wheel. The door on the

passenger’s side sticks and does not open properly. The car was found in a side street

three or four miles away. It was not damaged but someone had stuck a not to the

windscreen. It read: To the owner. If you want to kill yourself with this steering, go ahead.

I’ve got better things to do.

Describing a place

Here is a description of my dormitory room. It is on the second floor of Bienville Hall. It is a

rectangular room with a white ceiling and green walls. As you enter the room, straight

ahead you will see two large windows with green curtains. My bed, which is covered

with a res and yellow bedspread, is under the windows. On your left, against the wall,

there is a large bookcase filled with books. Close to the door, a desk and chair sit next to

the bookcase, with a small woven wastepaper basket underneath the desk. There are

several posters on this wall. The one that is over the bookcase shows an interesting

scene from our country. The one that is over the desk is of my favorite singer. To your

right, built into the wall opposite the bookcase and desk, is a closet with sliding doors.

Behind you on your right and somewhere behind the door, is a dresser with a mirror

over it.

My dormitory room, on the second floor of Bienville Hall, is small and crowded. The dark green

walls and dirty white ceiling make the room seem dark, and thus even smaller than it is.

As you walk into the room, you are stooped short by my bed, which fills half of the room. The two large windows over the bed are hidden by heavy dark green drapes. Against the

wall on your left, pushed in to a corner behind the head of the bed, is a large bookcase

crammed with papers, books and knickknacks. Wedged in between the bookcase and

the wall opposite the bed is a small gray metal desk. It has a brown wooden chair that

seems to fill the left end of the room. Stuffed under the desk is a woven wastepaper

basket overflowing with paper and debris. The wall above the bookcase and desk is

completely taken up with two small posters. On the right hand side of the room is a

narrow closet with clothes, shoes, hats, tennis racquets, and boxes bulging out of its

sliding doors. Every time I walked out of the door, I think, “Now I know what it is like to

live in a closet.”

Comparing and Contrasting Two things

Eg. Students who have Mr. Dickens and Mr. Joyce as their teachers are immediately aware of the

differences in the lecturing manner of each teacher. Mr. Joyce has a melodious voice

which helps hold the interest of the students. Mr. Dickens, however, has a monotonous

voice which bores rather than attracts students. Mr. Joyce pronounces clearly in a

rhythmic pattern, emphasizing key words. On the other hand, Mr. Dickens mumbles,

running his words together. Mr. Joyce also adds humor to the subject and sometimes

makes jokes in class, whereas Mr. Dickens, with an expressionless face, is always serious

about each lesson. Me. Joyce welcomes questions from students who don’t understand

the material, but Mr. Dickens hates to be interrupted. Mr. Joyce is very enthusiastic

about his subject; he tries to make sure that his students understand a concept before

he moves on to something new. Mr. Dickens, however, is always in a determined mood;

he feels that he must cover everything. Each teacher has a different voice, pronunciation,

expression, and attitude; and, as a result, their lectures are quite different.

Students who have Mr. Dickens and Mr. Joyce as their teachers are immediately aware of the

differences in the lecturing manner of each teacher. Mr. Joyce has a melodious voice

twhich helps hold the interest of the students. He pronounces clearly in a rhythmic

pattern, emphasizing key words. Mr. Joyce also adds humor to his subject, and he

welcomes questions from students who don’t understand the material. He is very

enthusiastic about his subject, and tries to make sure that his students understand a

concept before he moves on to something new. Mr. Dickens, on the other hand, speaks

in a monotonous voice which bores rather than attract students, and sometimes it is

hard to understand him because he runs his words together. He hates to be interrupted

by the questions from students; feeling that he must cover everything, Mr. Dickens

teachers every class in a serious, determined mood. Thus, as the above points illustrate,

the lectures of Mr. Joyce and Mr. Dickens are quite different.

Demonstrating the cause/effect of an event

有

Explaining a process

In old China a young man got married not of his free will but through the arrangement of his

parents. First, His parents had to save enough money for the betrothal gifts and the

wedding. Then they paid a matchmaker to look for a suitable woman or if they already

had someone in mind, the matchmaker would go to the woman’s family and talk with

her parents about it. When both families were satisfied with the marriage, they would

settle the engagement and choose the wedding day. After that, the man’s family would

set about painting and decorating the wedding chamber and sending invitations to

relatives and friends finally, a respectable person of the neighborhood was invited to

marry the couple, who often had never seen each other until the wedding day.

Classifying an Object/ a Concept

Hotels are found in every country and city of the world, and generally, we can classy them into

three large groups based on the location. First, airport hotels are located near airports.

Their guests include passengers with short stay-overs or canceled flights and travelers

who are on business trips. The second kind is downtown hotel, also called commercial

hotels. These hotels are near large office complexes and retail stores in the major

metropolitan areas. They are attractive to people attending meetings and conventions,

and many tourists as well. Third, there are the resort hotels located near beaches or

mountains. Resort hotels accommodate vacationers and recreation-minded people.

Though there may be a few other general areas where hotels are found, such as along

the high ways, most of them are located near airports, in the downtown areas, and in

resort areas.

Defining an Idea or a Term

Compassion is the ability to understand another person’s misfortunes. It is kindness, tenderness,

mercy, pity and sympathy. A nurse may have compassion for an irritable patient by

understanding that the illness may be the cause of that patient’s behavior and by

treating that patient with kindness and sympathy. An airline stewardess displays

compassion for her passengers by considering the fact that they may be nervous about

flying and by answering their questions in a patient, sympathetic manner. In the same

way, a judge may have compassion for a juvenile offender by taking his age into

consideration and setting the punishment accordingly. Compassion is not merely a

verbal expression of sorrow. It is not begrudgingly contributing money to charitable

causes out of sense of duty. Compassion id putting yourself in another person’s situation

and treating that person the way you yourself would want to be treated.