2024年5月17日发(作者：tplogincn登录入口官网)

但

nmarand V

，

α:abulruγ

Section A

Directions: After reading the passage below.，在11in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically conect.

For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the propei· fonn of the given wα·d; for the othei· blanks, use one

word that best fts each blank.

Jade-inspired medals for飞.VinterOlympics, Paralympics unveiled

η1e official medals of the Beijing 2022 Ol

ym

pic and Paral

ymp

ic Winter Games (21）

一一一一一

（miveil) on

Octob

臼·

26曲

，

2021,100 days ahead of the opening of the preini

臼·

sporting event.η1e organizing committee of the

Beijing 2022 Gain

民

introdu时themedals --dubbed to吨X山，（22）

一一一一＿

m

副部

togethemess-dm也1ga

巳

eren

mar蜒ngthe com1t-do、咀1to the opening of the e

飞

enton Feb 4.

r

At ai·omd 8:30 pm (23）

一一一一＿the comrtdown clock ticked down to 100 days, Vice-Premiei· Han Zher毡，

together with Cl山的firstWin

阳·

0 l

ym

pic gold medalist Yang Yang and Olympic champion swimmer Zhang Yufe主

2022 Winter Olympics.

m1

v

eiled a set of gold, silv叽ai1dbronze medals for the

The medals (24）

一一一一一＿

have carvings of the Ol

ym

pic rings on one side. In

sp

ired by yu bi, the concei1tric rings

ai·otu1d the centei·fthe medals represerrt the pm·stii.t of m1ity ai1d haimo町，commonin Chinese cul

solidari纱，inclusiveness,and promoting peac

已

一一一一一一

（

echo)the Olympic values of

η1e other side of the medals has the Beijing 2022 emblem at the centei·.η1e outer rin

g声

泪·edo

忧

edwith24 st

创

'S(26)

24th editiα1 of the Wingo· Ol

ym

pics.

一一一一一一

（strir毡）togeth

臼·

by circl邸，representingthe

lympic elements with Chinese chai

百

cteristics,we cai1 leave a

”Hopefolly, (27）一一一一一＿

elll'iching the Wintei· 0

Chinese mark on the promotion of the Olympic spirit and more exciteinerrt arotu1d the opening of the Games，’said

Cai Qi, secret

创

γofthe Beijing Mmici

pa

l Commi忧民ofthe Conummist Paity of China ai1d pr

民

iderrtof the orgai1izing

COlllllllttee.

Drawing in

sp

ira咀Oil台omjade for a second time honα·s the Chinese capital

’

s m1ique status as the first city (28)

一一一一＿

(host) both the Smnmer and Wint

臼·

Ol

ym

pics, said Han.

”To inhei·it the concept of the 2008 medal design is one of the principles we set (29）

一一一一＿approaching the

design for Beijing 2022，”said Han.”Visually, it looks quite simple and plain at first glance, while details such as car

v

ing

of clouds, snowflake pa

忧

ems,(30）

一一一一一一一一一一一一

一一一一一＿the tmeven casting on the sm·fuce have made it

special."

。

阳、

while(25)

第1页共10页

Section B

Directions: Fill in each blank with a prop

臼·

word chosen 台omthe bo

瓦

Eachword can only be used once. Note that th

臼

·e

is one wα·d more th

细

1you need.

咀onally

F. predict

cttu·业able

创

1d

µ·ise

E

伽

巳

二

－

h

l

。

－

siα:址ate

n

m

－

K

1D

y

Q, and tenns like EQ, which relates to yom· emotional intelligen巳e

We

’

ve all heard ofl

, are commonly used. But

have you heard of AQ? AQ stands for adversity quotient and measm·es yotu· ability to deal with the ups and downs oflife.

Being able to handle these rough patches we all go through is not only impαtant in om· p

臼

·sα1allives but in om·_ 31 ＿一

lives too. So how can we le

创

11to be more resilient?

Adverse sitttations can take us by _32 _ and shock us. In the wor峙lace马itcould be in the fonn of redtu1dancies

（裁员）, the company we work for going tul命ror being _ 33 _ or even missing out on a promotio1L Failed 台iendshi

ps

work AQ

and relationships, mancial hard times and even bei

回

vements（亲友丧亡）are thii

毡

sthat can ocα.u· outside of

me

部副

·esom· ability to _ 34_ the shocks when life throws cmveballs at us --how likely we are to cnunble or thrive iii

these sitttations. It can be used to _ 35 _ om·甜itttdes,pei·sevei·an风longevity,and the way we leam台omchanges iii

environment. In sho11, om· resilience when th

臼

·eis a drastic change.

Luckily, thei-e are some steps you can take to help you be mo1-e resilient and _36_ iii the face of adversi

纱

，

accα·dii1g to Dr. Shaln·am Heslnnat, professor of health econαnics at the Univ

臼

·sityof Illii1ois. Fii·st, uγand find a

mea11ii1gfol goal. Resilient people often have an aiin and are able to concentr

百

temα·e on a desii-ed outcome, seeii

ig

negative sitt1ations as a(n) _37_ iii the road on the way to achiev吨their·goal. Leamii1g to relax and _38_ yotu·

emotions is anothe在

·

key step -one way to help you de-stress is by practisii

ig

br

回

thii1gexei·cises. LikeNise，一39_on

thii1g声andlettii1g them get to you can cause you to be stressed. See difficulties more as an oppo1ttuiity to leam and grow

_40一.Fii1ally, make sm·e you have a good social suppo1t network. Beii1g able to talk with someone abm盐the

challenges we face can help.

ηiings happen iii life we can

’

t prevent -and sometiines they aren

’

t pleasant. But takii

ig

a few steps to be more

resilient can make them a little easiei· to get through.

、

第2页共10页

III. Reading ComprehensiαlS

Section A

Directions: For each blank in the following passage

，

也白宫创官

fom· words or phrases m泪如d A, B, C and D. Fill in each

blank with the word or plu

百

se that best fits the context.

Like mai巧r people, I

’

m on ai1 ongρ，ing qt

比

st to leain to procr

百

stu

明

te （拖延） less. One of my mau1 issues is when I

ai1ticipate that a task is gρu1g to feel _ 41 _, I don

’

t want to strut i飞as I don

’

t want to u1duce that pauL

I've fom1d that ai1 tmlikely but effective way to _ 42 _ this is to use ideas from calculus （微积分）

．

四is is ai1

unpαtai1t field of mathematics that was developed for the thorough study of thu

ig

s that ai·e continuously _ 43一. To

tmdel'Staiid somethu1g that chai喀es ovei· tune, we need to thulk abo

旧

t not just the quai1tity at ai1y given moment but the

rate at which the quai1tity is chai1gu1g, the rate at which that rate is d细苍白1g ai1d so on.

_44一，to tmderstai1d the trajec阳y （轨迹） of all auplai1e movu1g tlu·

ough tl1e sky, we need to出此notjust a bot吐

whei·e it is now but tl1e rate at which it

’

s movu1g, otl1eiwise known as speed, ai1d tl1e rate at which tl1e speed i比elf is

chai喀ii1g, otl1eiwise known as acceler

百

tiα1.F aiding tl1e rate at which sometl1u

喀

chai

ig

es is called differ商业iatiαl.

Anotl1er unpo1tai业 pru1ciple ill calculus uivolves findu

ig

a total of somethu1g over tune. If a plai

战

is flyu

ig

at a _

45 _ speed

, it's quite easy to work out how如it will go u1 a given tune, but if tl1e speed keeps changu1g, it's _ 46 _ to

calαilate tl1e total distai1ce

、

In calculus tl1is is called u1tegr百tiOIL

Calα让us is at tl1e root of ahnost eveiγaspect of mo命m !if点not least because it

’

s tal to tmd

臼

'Stai1du1g

electricity.

Calcula刽tiαlS山E

咀咀

giii

阜

er ai1d medical

巳一

47

一

r

宦

qua·

罕

calα让us as well, s口l

阔

notl1ing gou1g on山tl1os

巳

fields is static. But I

’

ve realized tl1at it一＿48一＿ my procr

百

stuiation problem too.

η1e problem, as I now see i飞is tl1at I was tl1ulku1g about my cm1·ei1t 阴山 level -49 - ratl1ei· tl1ai1 my total pau1

over tune. Ifl tl1ulk abot吐tl1e total pau1 tl1at will acctunulate tmtil I finish ai1 tmpleasairt task, tl1e ainotu1t isn

’

t u1a·eased

by strut吨tl1ough it cai1 feel tl1at way. _ 50 _ tl1e total pau1 is u1creased bγprocrnstuiat吗su1ce tl1e str酬。f not

ha

兀1

ing done tl1e task hai1gs over me.η1e only way to _51_ tl1e total remau1ing pau1 is to strut wα灿

咯

at tl1e task, so

tl1at some of tl1e pau1 is u1 tl1e past

You miglrt have noticed tl1at I

’

ve considered a total (u1tegration) ai1d also a rate of chai1ge ( differei1tiation）.ηl1e

”

臼

ner

司

tal tl1eorem （定王军） of calculus

”

essentially tells us tl1at u1tegr由011 ai1d differe1rtiatiα1 ai·e u1vei'Se （相反的）

_52一. In tenns of procrnstu

明

tion, tl1is means tl1at tl1e ainotmt of fotme pau1 decr

四

ses by my cm1·

四

t pau1 level.

η1ulking abot吐it tl1is way allows me to see一＿53_ as a gρod tJ1u1g, SlllCC it

’

s beu1g taken aw

百

y from tl1e fotm

官

total.

Pait of tl1e he毕fol process for me is first unagu1u

ig

tl1e _ 54_ of all tl1e 1

官

mau1u1g pau1 ai1d tl1en unagu1u1g it

decreas吨 --

tl1at is, botl1 tl1e u1tegr

百

tion ai1d tl1e diffi

臼回

1tiation steps.

Matl1 sometunes seems切complicate tl1u1gs, but tl1e aun u1 tl1e end is to _ 55 _ tl1e11L And I honestly haven'.t

encom1tei·ed ai1otl1ei· approach tl1at hel

ps

me as much as tl1is for tackling procrnstuiatio1L

41. A. excitu1g

42. A. get over

4 3. A . changu

ig

44. A. In addition

45. A. const创业

46. A. easier

47.A. raidy

48. A. applies to

49. A. u1 isolation

50. A. At tl1e bo忧αulu1e

51.A. avoid

52. A. calcula咀ons

53. A. cm1·ent pau1

54. A. benefit

i

55.A. act

飞

,ate

B. pau1fol

B. make off

B.u1creasu1g

fact

ible

lly

cts witl1

B.u1 peace

tl1e saine tune

se

·ections

1·ei1t tasks

创tlii1g

C. pull OV

臼·

c.

sl11·ulku1g

C. For u1stance

C. nomial

C. trickier

C. tmbelievably

C. replaces witl1

C. u1 ordei·

C. On tl1e otl1ei· h

细

1d

C. i

gn

ore

C. processes

c.

fottu·e pau1

C. effect

c.

unprove

第3页共10页

D. satisf沁to1y

D. take ovei·

D. spu111u1g

D. Forst

组

ters

D. rapid

D. useless

D. widely

D. replies to

D. u1 total

D. On tl1e contraiγ

D. mau业au1

D. routes

D. fottu·etasks

D. Stull

D. sunpli行

Section B

Directions: Read the following two passage. Each passage is followed by several questions or tmfinished statements. For

each of them thei·e are fom· choices maiked A, B, C ai1d D. Choose the one that fits best according to the infonnation

givei1 in the passage you have just read.

In the beginning, there was the praiik （玩笑）

．

Whei1 motion picttu·es fo悦appeared,movie cainei

百

Swei

官

usedsimply to record nonnal evei1怡

．

η

吗

Fsho啊＇ed

thin

g声

suchas workers leaving a factαγ，or a

b

百

inentei111g a statiαL It w

百

sn

i

tlong before simple stories wei·e created for

fihn. Since the fihns wei·e extreinely sho11, the sto1y also had to be ve1y shαt So，口11985, Louie Lmniere staged a

simple praiik. H比fihn,originally titled Le Jai·dinere, is now commonly 1

百

fen-edas L

’

Anusetu· Airnse, or in English，η1e

Sprinkl

臼·

Sprinkled. It shows a mai1 usii飞ga hose （软管）tow

百

tera gai·dei1. A boy enters tl1e fraine ai1d steps on tl1e hose,

stoppii1g tl1e watei· flow. When the gai·dei1er looks ii1to the hose nose, tl1e boy releases tl1e presstu·e ai1d tl1e gai·dei1

臼·

gets

a face fi:让lofw悦目·

．

η1eboy laughs, but is iinmediately caught ai1d spaiiked.

η1is crea

路

dtl1e first fihn comedy type. Praiik fihns becaine the conu11011 way to get laughs from ai1 audiei1ce

dm·ii

喀

tl1eeai·liest days of cii1ei11a. It is ai1 extr

回

nelysiinple but ii1finitely flexible metl1od of creatii1g a moment of

tension ai1d release. The audiei1ce gets to be

”

iii on tl1e joke" watchii1g the situation beii1g set up. The tr

百

pis sp

咀U飞

g,

fon11ii1g tl1e highest of the event. Usually, tl1e praiikster is caught, ai1d spaiiked, givii

喀

clostu·eto tl1e nai'l就ive.

S iinilai· s阳iesiiivolved people siinply misbeha刘ngai1d gettii毛tl1eii·com

创

. Flψ（η1e Es sanay F ihn

Maimfacttu'u1g C0111pai亨，1909),dii·ected by Gilb

削

son, feattu·ed Ben T

tup

ii1 as a h

op

eless fliit

（打情骂俏）

．

He gρes to shops ai1d offic邸，也γii1gto touch tl1e cheeks of female workers. In each of the events, he gets

ptu1ished. The women pokes hiin iii the bottom with scissα·s, tl1e cust0111

白宫山

tl1e b

创·

spray soda w

百

teriii his face, ai1d

the switchboard op

町

atorcai1 somehow send electric shocks to tl1e telephone he is usii

咯

A comic strψcalled Foxy Graiidpa bγC

创

·lE. Schultze feattu·ed ai1 old mai1 witl1 a paii· of rascally grai1dsons. Th句F

wot址dhγto play tricks on hiin, but he wot址dalways ttm1 the tables on tl1em by usii

ig

his wits. The strip w

百

sdeveloped

ii1to a vaudev让le（杂要求演）chai·acter played by Joseph Hai1, who went on to play the saine p

创

tii1 silei1t fihns.

It would be a m比takesto tl1iiik of this as ai1 outdated style of comedy. Praiik fihns ai·e ceitaii1ly still a hit on

YouTube. It is also a usefol way to design an ai1iinated nairntive. The best example would be the Wile E. Coyote ai1d

Road Rtumer caitoons. Each of the Coyote

’

s tl1ei11e is compai

百

bleto a praiik. He sets up a trap，位iesto spr吨iton the

Road Rtumei·, it fails, ai1d he gets tl1e wα·st of it.

autl1α· belie

毛

restl1at The Spriiikl

臼·

Spriiikled

一一一一一＿.

A. was a record of nonnal life evei1ts

B. created the first som1d comedy movie

C. was made ii1 a tune of tecln1ical liinitation

D. was abot吐agai·dei1

臼·

makii1g fi:m of a boy

57.η1em1d

臼

fo1edwαd

”

comeuppance

”

（

In Pai-agraf也4)most probably means

一一一一一·

A. shai·salD. responsibility

1ishme11t

of tl1e followii

ig

stateinents is TRUE accordii1g to the passage?

A.η1e audiei1ce take delight ii1 seeii1g the praiikst

臼·

suffer吨paii1.

B. Praiik fihns grach1ally lose theii· appeal, giving way to ai1iinatio11s.

Mr. Flψ，Ben desei

飞咽

thetreatment as he takes ad

飞咄

tageof women.

D.η1e grai1dfatl1ei· ii1 the Foxy Grand pa always falls ii1to his grai1dson

’

s tricks.

is tl1e passage developed?

A. By aiial

yz

ii1g making compai·isαlS.

D. By presei1tii1g ex

组np

les.

C. By giviiig ii1structio11s.

(A)

第

4

页共

10

页

be忱。·you

’

relikely to recall and apply that infonnatiα1 lat

臼·

但）

Call it the learning paradox: the more you struggle and even fa让whileyou

’

re tiγing to leam new infonnatiαL the

．

sti1.1cttu·e and gui也neeearly 011, m1til the studei1ts show that th

巧F

can do it 011 their ov

引

1--makes intuitive sense, it may

not be the best way to prαnote learning. Rath臼·

，

it

’

s bettei· to let the leam

臼

·s、叽·estlewith the material 011 their ov、rnfor a

points out that while the model ad

op

ted by many teachers when inti·och1ci11g students to new knowledge providing lots of

The leaming paradox is at the hea1t of ”productive faihue，”a phenomenon identified by researchei· Manu Kaptu·

of proch1cti

飞

z

，

faihu·e to mathematical problem solving in tl1ree schools.

＇

while, refraining from giving them any assistance at the sta1t. In a pap

臼·

published recei1tly, Kaptu· applied tl1e principle

With one group of studei1ts, tl1e teacher provided sti·o咚

”

scaffoldii理

”

－－ii1st11.1ctiα1al suppαt --and feedback. With

studei1ts wei·en

’

t able to complete tl1e problems co!1'ectly. But iii the com·se of tiγii1g to do so, tl1ey gen

臼百

teda lot of

ideas about tl1e natme of tl1e problems and about what potential solutions would look like. And when tl1e two groups

were tested on what tl1ey'd leamed, tl1e second group

”

si

gn

ificantly outpei-fonned

”

tl1e first.

η1e apparent of tl1e second group have what Kaptu· calls a

”

hid命ne伍cacy

”

：

tl1eylead people to

r

dii·ected to solve the s

创

neproblen

凶

bycoopei·atii

ig

with one another, without any hii1ts from tl1eii· . These

tl1e teach

臼·

sh句，tl1esepupils were able to find tl1e ans;vei·sto tl1eii· set of pr由，ile, a second group was

、

m1dei·stand tl1e deep sti,1cttue of problen

恼，

notsiinply tl1eir co!1'ect solutions. When tl1ese stt1dei1ts mee量witl1a new

whow

臼

·etl1e passive recipients of someone else

’

s expeitise.

臼·

tl1e knowledge they've gatl1ei·ed more effecti

飞

elytl1an tl1ose

problem of tl1e same type on a test, tl1巧r

’

reable to ti·a1is£

Kaptu· notes, none of us like to fail, no m

州白·

how often Silicon Valley enti叩renem·spraise tl1e beneficial effects of an

In tl1e real world, problems rarely come neatly packaged, so beii

ig

able to discei11 theii· deep sti1.1cttu·e is key. But,

idea that fails or a st

创

t-upcompai写ythat crashes ai1d btuns. So we need t

。

”

designfor prodtictive failm·e

”

by buildii1g it

problems to wα·k on tl1at

”

challenge but do not frnsti-ate.

”

Second, provide leam

臼

·switl1 oppαtm1ities to explaii1 and

problems. And to tl1ose sttidents who protest tlus tough-love teachmg style: yottll th

细

ikmelat

臼·

does tl1e autl1or call tl1e leamii1g process a parndox?

1s do not necessai·ily lead to gait

部

．

ii1to the leai11ii1g process. Kaptu· has identified tl1ree conditio1is that promote this kii1d of beneficial . Fii·st, choose

elaborate on what tl1ey're doii1g.η1ii·d, give leamers tl1e chance to compare and conti-ast good and bad solutions to tl1e

．

is leai11ed is rai·ely applicable ii1 li£

已

more is taught，也eless is leained.

C. F aihu·e more often tl1an not h

四

dssuccess.

do people tend to thiiik of providii1g sti·o咚

”

scaffoldii

ig

”

iiiteachii1g?

A.

It

will make teachii1g easier

B.

It

is a se1isible way of teachii1g

can be expected of

”

tl1is tough-love teachii1g style

”

(Lii1e 9, Para.5)?

A.

s

饥

.1dei1tswill be gratefol ii1 the long nm.,

rs will meet witl1 a lot of resistai1ce.

D.

It

will enhance sttidents

’

stt1dei1ts

’

confidence.

C.

It

cai1 motiv-ate avei·age stt1dei1ts.

s will tl1iiik it too harsh on tl1eii· kids.

D.

It

may not be able to yield the desii·ed results.

第5页共10页

(C)

Sho1tages of flu vaccine are nothing new in America, but this year's is a wh

op

per. Until last week, it app

臼

redthat

100 milliα1 Amei-icans would have access to flu shots this fall Then British authα·ities, concei11ed about quality-control

problems at a proch1ctiα1 plant in L凸现pool,ball'ed all fi.u1her shipments by the Chirα1 Co1p. Ov

臼

night,the U. S.

vaccine supply dwindled by nearly half

and feder

百

lhealth officials fom1d themselves making an mmsual appeal. Instead

of pleading with us all to get vaccinated

,

th

巧r

’

renow m·ging most healthy pe

op

le between the ages of 2 and 64 not to.

η

”

1is re

唱

mphasizesthe frag让ityof om· vaccine supply

，”

says Dr. Mrutin Myei·s of the Natiα1al Network for

Imnumization Infonnatiα1

，”

ru1d the lack of redtu1dru1cy in om· systein.

”

Why is such a basic health service so easily knocked out? Mainly because private com归nieshave had li

忧

le

incei1tive to pm·sue it. To create a single dose of flu vaccine, a manufacttu·ei· has to grow li

飞

re

，

virus in a 2-week-old

feitilized chicken egg, then crack the egg

,

hruvest the virus ru1d extract the proteins used to provoke ru1 imnume response.

Profit mru-gins ru·e 11ru1·ow, demru1d is chru1geable ru1d, because each yeru·

’

s flu virus is different, ru1y leftov百rvaccine goes

to waste. As a result the United States now has only two majα· suppliers (Chiron ru1dAvei1tis Pastem') ru1d when one of

them nms into trouble, thei·e isn't much the othei· cru1 do about it.

”

A vaccine makei· cru1

’

t just call up ru1d ord

臼·

40 million

more feitilized eggs

，”

says Mru1011 Cox

，。

fConnecticut-based Protein Scien

巳

esCo1p.

”刀

1ere

’

sa whole industiγthat

’

s

scheduled to produce a ceitain munbei· of eggs at a ceitain time.

”

Sleeker technologies ru·e now in the wor怡，ru1dexpeits ru·e hoping that this yeru·'s complete failme will speed the

pace of ii111ov11tio1Lη1e maii1 challei1ge is to shift production from eggs ii1to cell culttu·es --a medimn already used to

make most other vaccii1es. Flu vaccines ru·e hru·dei· thru1 most to proch1ce this way, but sev

臼百

lbiotech compruiies ru·e now

pm·suii1g this strat喀y,ru1d one culttu·e-based product (Solv-ay Phrumace划tic拙

’

Inviv-ac)has been cleru-ed for marketii

ig

iii Em·

op

e.

For Ameiica, the iimnediate challei1ge is to make the most of a liinited supply.η1e

军队官n

m1e11testiinates that 9 5

草创

γrestrictionsam1oll11ced lasts week That's neru-ly twice the

million people still quali马rfor shots lllld

臼·

the

飞

oh11

munber of doses that clii1ics will have on hru1d, but only 60 million Am白cruisseek out shots iii a nonnal year. In fact,

m但写yexpe1ts ru·e hopii1g the sho1tage will s

臼

veas ru1 awarei1ess crunpai

gn

--

encotu·aging the people who really need a

flu shot to get one.

r

1tage of flu vaccine show that

A. America relies too much on forei

gn

suppliers

B. the demand of flu vaccii1es is high this yeru·

y problem is a pr由lemiii flu vaccii1e production

supply of flu vaccii1es is rathei· w

臼k

ru1d America has no back-up measll!·es to make it up

e compru1ies have little ii1t

臼

-estiii producii

ig

flu vaccii1es because of

一一一一一＿.

A. complicated process, high cost, low profit ru1d high risk

B. sho1tages of£

臼

tilizedchicken eggs

ulty iii growii1g live vii·us

ch细引gii1gof flu vii·us

the last p

创百

graphwe cru1 ii1£

臼

·that

一一一一一＿.

A. the govei11111ei1t hopes to solve the problem by way of

飞

rohmteerrestrictiαlS

B. more than 4 7 million Amei-icruis who ru·e qualified t get flu vaccii1e shots crumot get hem this ye

创

C. Ameiica has to deal with a liinited supply of flu vaccii1es this yeru·

D. nonnally only a small p

臼

·centageof Amei-icru1 population gets flu vaccii1e shots each yeru·

α·dii

ig

to the passage, which of the followii1g is TRUE?

A. All Americruis ru·e persuaded not to get vaccii1ated this year.

B. The big problem ii1 iimov11tii1g flu vaccii1e proch1cii

ig

tecl11iique is how to grow vii·us iii a new way.

flu vaccines crumot be proch1ced iii a shoit tune because private com归niesrefose to prodt

也

emore.

vaccii1es ru·e easiei· th

细

1most vaccines to proch1ce tl11·ough cell culttu·es.

－

第

6

页共

10

页

Section C

Directions: Read the passa

g

e care folly. Fill in each blank with a pro严rsentence

g

iven in the bo

瓦

Eachsentence can be

used only once. Note that thei·e are two more sentences th

细

1you need.

飞

riceversa: High sympathy can substitute for low guilt.

main reasα1 why guilt works comes down to simple psychol

鸣y

and conditioning we receive as chilch·en.

C. Howevei·, they may not ma

g

ically ha

飞

rebecome more sympathetic to the oth

臼·

child's d

epr

i

飞

ration.

is an incredibly powei·fol emotio1L

E. In the popular imagination, of com·se, guilt still

g

ets a bad rap.

F. Guilt, in othei· wor也，canhelp hold a coop

臼

·ativespecies to

g

eth

臼·

．

Unlike so-called basic emotions such as sadness, fear, and anger,

g

uilt em

臼

-gesa li

忧

lelater, in co均tu1ctiα1with a

child's growin

g g

rasp of social and moral nonns. Chilch·en aren

'.

t bom kno

over time that such statements appease parents and 臼ndsand their o、叽1consciei1ces. This is why research

臼

s

g

en臼址ly

regard so-called moral gu出，inthe right amom1t, to be a good thing.

一一一一一＿

67

一一一一一＿It evokes Freud's ideas and reli喜ioushang-ups. More impαt

创

1t,gu姐tis deeply

a jacket wei

g

hted with stones. Who would inflict it upon a child?

m1comfo1table -it

’

s the emotiα1al equiv由ntof wearin

g

Yet this tmd

臼

·standingis outdated.”Th

臼

ehas been a kind of revival or a rethinkin

g

about what guilt is and what role

guilt can s

臼

ve,"Vaish says, addin

g

that this revival is pa1t of a la皂白·recogni咀onthat emotions arei1't bina1y feelin

g

s that

may be adv11nt想eousin one context may be hannfol in anoth臼·

.

Jealousy and an

g

ei·, for example, may have evolved to

al创usto imp01tant inequalities. Too much happiness (think mai臼）cai1 be destructiv

已

And

g

uilt, by promptin

g

us to think more deeply about otu·

g

oodness, cai1 encom·age lnunans to co!1'ect e!1'ors ai1d

social

g

lue.

fix relation

且h

ips.

＿一一一一一＿

68

＿一一一＿

It is a kind of

Viewed in this li

g

ht,

g

uilt is an opp01ttmity. W，α·k by Tina Malti, a psychology professor at the Uni，明·sityof

Toronto, suggests that guilt may compensate for an emotional deficiency. In a munb臼·。fstudies, Malti and others have

shown that

g

u姐tai1d syn飞pathy ( ai1d its close cousin empathy) may represent diffi

白宫

ntpathways to cooperation ai1d

shai111

g

. Some kids who are low in sympathy may make up for that sho1tfall by expei·iencin

g

more

g

uilt, which cai1

control their impt址ses.一一一一一＿

69

一一一一一一

In a 2014 study, for example, Malit and a colleague looked at 244 chilch·en, aged 4, 8, and 12. Using caregiver

assessmei1ts and the chilch·en's self-obs

臼

vati

α风

th

ey

rated each child

’

s over址lsympathy level and his or h

臼·

tendei1cy to

feel negative emotions (like guilt ai1d sadness) after mor址trai1sgressions.η1enthe kids w

臼

·ehai1ded stickers ai1d

chocolate coins，但1dgiven a ch

细

iceto shai·e them with ai1 ai1onyinous child For the low-sympatl写ykids, how much tl1ey

shai-ed app

臼

redto ttm1 on how likely tl1ey w

臼

·eto feel guilty. The guilt-prone ones shared mα·e.

70

”η1at

’

s

g

ood news.”Malti says,

＇

’

We can be pro-social because of tl1e empatl1etic proclivity

（倾向）,

or because we

caused haim ai1d we feel regret.”

第

7

页共

10

页

a

、mn

g

how to say

’＇

I'm SOilγ

”

，rathei·, they leam

第II卷

11ma1γWriting

Directions: Read the folio、mugtlu

四

11111arize tl1e main idea and tl1e main point(s) oftl1e passage in no mα·e

tl1an60 words. Useyom·。、、rnwords as far as possible.

We have all heard tl1e saying咛ouare what you eat.”But how many of us are willing to admit tl1at tl1e expression

applies to us as well as to all tl1ose m1ide11tified people out tl1

臼

--e?Cm1·ent research suggests tl1at tl1e majα让yof

Amei-icans have bad eating habits, and some of tl1is is detennined by om· lifestyle, which demands tl1at we eat quickly

and inexpensively.

What are tl1e co111111011est foods on tl1e Am

臼

icanmenu? Hambm-g

臼

·sandFrench fries, sugar

-

laden drinks; pies and

whi

pp

ed er

臼

m,malts and ice-cream. Apa1t from an occasional broiled hambtu·ger, all tl1e tl1吨son tl1at list are bad for

us. And tl1

臼

·eare ceitain prophets of doom who predict tl1at all tl1ose fat ladei1 fast foods provide us with only one tl1i11g

--

a fast

臼·

road to tl1e grave.

On tl1e otl1ei· h

细

id,tl1

臼

--eare tl1ose who claim tl1at tl1e basic fast-food meal contains all tl1e nom岱l1111ei1tyou need

.Aftei· all, tl1ei--e are meat, milk salad (if you have tl1e extras), and break. And if you have a cheesebm-g

臼·

instead of a

hambm-ger, you are doing yom·self an extra favor by adding additional protein. What tl1ese good news gossips are

oveifooking is tl1e usually pulpy bm1; tl1e excess of sugar in tl1e maltose or Coke马andov

町

doseof salt tl1at is sprinkled on

tl1e hambm-ger to make palatable

（美味的）／

So, you decide to stay away from tl1e hambtu·gei· joint, and buy yom· food from tl1e supei111a1ket. Are you any be阳·

off? Not if you buy frozen or ca1111ed food.η1e expeits tell us tl1at ca1111ed and 台。zei1vegetables contain sugar, as well as

soits of pet'Spectives tl1at are not doing anything to improve yom· healtl1 . .According to tl1ese people, tl1e only way to be

sm·e yom· food is good for you is to buy it and cook it freslL And tl1en, of com·se, you have to eat it and tl1at creates

anothei· pr由lem.η1espeed of tod巧

’

sworld has encotu·aged many of us to eat far too fast. We do not chew om· food

enough，但1dwe eat on tl1e nm or we jmnp and st

创

trm111ing tl1e minute we mish eating.

第

B

员共

10

页

V. Translatiα1

Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the wor也givenin the brackets.

1.天气变冷

，

记得定期锻炼并小心感冒

。

（as)

2.既然眷念丘浓

，

这周日为何不到植物园野餐呢？(air)

3.在这名退休教师的推荐下

，

我听了

一

系列关于如何让我们的教学针对学生需求的讲.£

，

使我获益匪浅。（

orient

)

4.作为

一

名在国内外卒有盛誉的小提琴家

，

他有着积极的人生观

，

全心全意献身于教育事业

，

为我们树立了

一

个好榜样

。

（thus)

VI. Guided Writing

Directions:Write an English composition in 120-150 wor也accordingto the in咄咄咄α1sgiven below in Chinese.

健康码

、

在钱挂号

、

扫码点餐

、

网约车出行

，

敛字化毡

’

能化生活丘在扮演着日益重妥的角包

，

4旦有很多老年

人

并不能适应这样的变化。电视台况向市民们征集建议

，

希望帮助

“

银发族

”

跨越

“

数字鸿沟

”

。

你是实验中学的学生玉祷

，

请你结合以下调查敛据

，

给电视台回

一

封信

，

谈谈你的看法和建议

。

身边的老年人是否有智能产品？

有了只能产品的老年人是否能熟练使用？

｜

有了的占63%

｜熟练使用的占58%

没有的占37%

不熟练或不会使用的占42%

第9页共10页

参考答案

语法埃空

21.w

臼

·etuiveiled

26. stnmg

这询埃空

31.H 32.J 33.B 340 35.F 36.C 37.K 38 .. 1 39.E 4.A

完形埃空

41-45BAACA

46-50 CBAAD

51-55BCADD

22. which 23. when 24. each/all25. echoing

30. as well as host 29. om·selves

阅读理解

56C 57. B58.C 59. D

60.61. B 62.A

63.D 64.A 65.B 66.B

67. E 68. F 69.A 70. C

第10员共10页