2024年5月16日发(作者：乐视max2手机)

Section I Use of English

Directions:

numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.

Why do people read negative Internet comments and do

have an inherent need to 1 uncertainty, according to a recent

study in Psychological Science. The new research reveals that

curiosity even when it is clear the answer will 3 .

In a series of four experiments, behavioral scientists at the

tested. Student’s willingness to 4 themselves to unpleasant

participant was shown a pile of pens that the researcher

claimed were from a previous experiment. The twist? Half of the

pens would 6 an electric shock when clicked.

Twenty-seven students were told which pens were

the need to know is so strong that people will 2 to satisfy their

electrified, another twenty-seven were told only that some were

electrified 7 left alone in the room, the students who did not

know which ones would shock them clicked more pens and

incurred more shocks than the students who knew what would

8 subsequent experiments reproduced, this effect with other

stimuli in an effort to satisfy curiosity. For one 5 each

University of Chicago and the Wisconsin School of Business

other things that will obviously be painful? Because humans

(10 points)

Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each

stimuli 9 the sound of finger nails on a chalkboard and

photographs of disgusting insects.

as the basic drives for_11_or shelter, says Christopher Hsee of

instinct-it can _12_New Scientific advances, for instance-but

sometimes such_13_can backfire, the insight that curiosity can

Unhealthy curiosity is possible to 15 , however, in a final

would feel after viewing an unpleasant picture were less likely

imagining the 18 of following through on one’s curiosity

” Thinking about long-term 20 is key to reducing the possible

read online comments”.

1. [A]Protect [B] resolve [C] discuss [D] ignore

2. [A]refuse [B] wait [C] regret [D] seek

3. [A]hurt [B] last [C]mislead [D] rise

4. [A]alert [B] tie [C] treat [D] expose

5. [A]message [B] review [C] trial [D] concept

negative effects of curiosity. Hsee says “in other words, don’t

ahead of time can help determine 19 it is worth the endeavor.

to 17 to see such an image. These results suggest that

experiment, participants who were encouraged to 16 how they

drive you to do _14_things is a profound one.

the University of Chicago Curiosity is often considered a good

The drive to_10_is deeply rooted in humans. Much the same

6．[A] remove [B] weaken [C] interrupt [D] deliver

7．[A]when [B] if [C] though [D] unless

8．[A] continue [B] happen [C] disappear [D] change

9．[A] rather than [B] regardless of [C] such as [D] owing to

10．[A] discover [B] forgive [C] forget [D] disagree

11．[A] pay [B] marriage [C] schooling [D] food

14．[A] self-reliant [B] self-destructive [C] self-evident [D]

15．[A] define [B] resist [C]replace [D] trace

16．[A] overlook [B] predict [C] design [D] conceal

18．[A] relief [B] plan [C] duty [D] outcome

limitations

19．[A] why [B] whether [C] where [D] how

20．[A] consequences [B] investments [C] strategies [D]

17．[A] remember [B] promise [C] choose [D] pretend

self-deceptive

13．[A] withdrawal [B] persistence [C] inquiry [D] diligence

12．[A] lead to [B]rest on [C] learn from [D] begin with

Section II Reading Comprehension

Part A

Directions:

Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below

ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)

Text 1

something of books and tests and mechanical memorization,

students should be able to name the 13th president of the

United States but be utterly overwhelmed by a broken bike

chain?

geometry at a graffitied desk stuck with generations of

discarded chewing gum. They can also learn geometry by

assembling a bicycle.

Nothing is necessarily gained by forcing students to learn

As Koziatek knows, there is learning in just about everything.

but practical. When did it become accepted wisdom that

teacher at a New Hampshire high school where learning is not

Mr. Koziatek is part of something pioneering. He is a

has to justify his efforts to give his students a better future.

It is curious that Stephen Koziatek feels almost as though he

each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the

But he’s also found a kind of insidious prejudice. Working

with your hands is seen as almost a mark of inferiority. Schools

in the family of vocational education “have that

hat it’s for kids who can’t make it

academically,”he says.

America’s evolution. Manufacturing is not the economic

once offered to high school graduates has largely evaporated.

More education is the new principle. We want more for our kids,

Yes, a bachelor’s degree opens more doors. But even now, 54

construction and high-skill manufacturing. But only 44 percent

of workers are adequately trained.

that once defined America is vanishing, one obvious solution is

staring us in the face. There is a gap in working-class jobs, but

the workers who need those jobs most aren’t equipped to do

them. Koziatek’s Manchester school of Technology High

School is trying to fill that gap.

the country on its political head, frustrated that the opportunity

In other words, at a time when the working class has turned

percent of the jobs in the country are middle-skill jobs, such as

point: That’s not the only thing the American economy need.

and the subtle devaluing of anything less – misses an important

But the headlong push into bachelor’s degrees for all –

and rightfully so.

engine that it once was. The job security that the US economy

On one hand, that viewpoint is a logical product of

Koziatek’s school is a wake-up call. When education

becomes one-size-fits-all, it risks overlooking a nation’s

diversity of gifts.

21. A broken bike chain is mentioned to show students’

[A] practical ability

[B] academic training

[C] pioneering spirit

[D] mechanical memorization

[B] have no career motivation

[C] are not academically successful

graduates .

[A] used to have big financial concerns

23. We can infer from Paragraph 5 that high school

[D] are financially disadvantaged

[A] have a stereotyped mind

for kids who .

22. There exists the prejudice that vocational education is

lack of .

[B] used to have more job opportunities

[C] are reluctant to work in manufacturing

[D] are entitled to more educational privileges

24. The headlong push into bachelor's degrees for all .

[A] helps create a lot of middle-skill jobs

25. The author's attitude toward Koziatek’s school can be

[A] supportive

[B] tolerant

[D] cautious

world’s energy supply, it’s clearer than ever that the future

Text 2

While fossil fuels—still generate roughly 85 percent of the

[C] disappointed

described as .

[D] indicates the overvaluing of higher education

[C] is expected to yield a better-trained workforce

[B] may narrow the gap in working-class jobs

belongs to renewable sources such as wind and solar. The move

to renewables is picking up momentum around the world: They

line.

now account for more than half of new power sources going on

increasingly the story is about the plummeting prices of

has dropped by 80 percent and the cost of wind turbines by

close to one-third in the past eight years.

In many parts of the world renewable energy is already a

provide enough electricity to power 95 percent of homes. While

the United States is also seeing a remarkable shift. In March, for

percent of the power generated in the US, reported the US

Energy Information Administration.

Iowa, he dismissed wind power as an unreliable energy source.

But that message did not play well with many in Iowa, where

wind turbines dot the fields and provide 36 percent of the

state’s electricity generation—and where tech giants like

Microsoft are being attracted by the availability of clean energy

to power their data centers.

coal—as the path to economic growth. In a recent speech in

President Trump has underlined fossil fuels—especially

the first time, wind and solar power accounted for more than 10

the rest of the world takes the lead, notably China and Europe,

principal energy source. In Scotland, for example, wind turbines

renewables, especially wind and solar. The cost of solar panels

and farsighted businesses to fund cleaner energy sources. But

Some growth stems from a commitment by governments

The question “What happens when the wind doesn’t

blow or the sun doesn’t shine?” has provided a quick put-

down for skeptics. But a boost in the storage capacity of

the clock more likely.

are placing big bets on battery-powered electric vehicles.

massive investment could change the picture rapidly in coming

years.

While there’s a long way to go, the trend lines for

appears to be speeding up—perhaps just in time to have a

does—or doesn’t do—to promote alternative energy may

26. The word “plummeting”(Line 3, Para. 2) is closest in

meaning to .

[B] changing

[C] falling

[D] rising

[A] stabilizing

mean less and less at a time of a global shift in thought.

meaningful effect in slowing climate change. What Washington

renewables are spiking. The pace of change in energy sources

Although electric cars are still a rarity on roads now, this

The advance is driven in part by vehicle manufacturers, who

batteries is making their ability to keep power flowing around

27. According to Paragraph 3, the use of renewable energy

in America .

[A] is progressing notably

[B] is as extensive as in Europe

[C] faces many challenges

[D] has proved to be impractical

28. It can be learned that in Iowa, .

[A] wind is a widely used energy source

[B] wind energy has replaced fossil fuels

[D] there is a shortage of clean energy supply

29. Which of the following is true about clean energy

according to Paragraphs 5&6？

[B] It is commonly used in car manufacturing.

[C] Its continuous supply is becoming a reality.

[D] Its sustainable exploitation will remain difficult.

[A] Its application has boosted battery storage.

[C] tech giants are investing in clean energy

30. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that

renewable energy____.

[A] will bring the USA closer to other countries.

[B] will accelerate global environmental change.

[D] is not competitive enough with regard to its cost.

Text 3

The power and ambition of the giants of the digital

purchase of the upmarket grocery chain Whole Foods for

to acquire the WhatsApp messaging service, which doesn't have

was an intricate and finely detailed web of its users' friendships

and social lives.

Even without knowing what was in the messages, the

knowledge of who sent them and to whom was enormously

revealing and still could be. What political journalist, what party

groups in which Therea May's enemies are currently plotting? It

whip, would not want to know the makeup of the WhatsApp

broke the promise almost as soon as the deal went through.

would not link phone numbers to Facebook identities, but it

Facebook promised the European commission then that it

any physical product at all. What WhatsApp offered Facebook

＄l3.5bn,but two years ago Facebook paid even more than that

economy is astonishing-Amazon has just announced the

[C] is not really encouraged by the USA government.

may be that the value of Whole Foods to Amazon is not so

much the 460 shops it owns, but the records of which

customers have purchased what.

Competition law appears to be the only way to address

economy. By the time a problem has been addressed and

replaced by new abuses of power. But there is a deeper

conceptual problem, too. Competition law as presently

this is not obvious when the users of these services don't pay

for them. The users of their Services are not their customers.

Facebook and Google, the two virtual giants, dominate digital

advertising to the disadvantage of all other media and

entertainment companies.

The product they're selling is data, and we, the users,

convert our lives to date for the benefit of the digital giants.

the produce when they feed, so Google farms us for the data

from where their aphids feed; Gmail keeps the spamme out of

our inboxes. It doesn't feel like a human or democratic

relationship, even if both sides benefit.

that our digital lives yield. Ants keep predatory insects away

Just as some ants farm the bugs called aphids for the honeydew

That would be the people who buy advertising from them-and

interpreted deals with financial disadvantage to consumers and

remedied it may have vanished in the marketplace, to be

very slow compared to the pace of Change within the digital

these imbalances of power. But it is clumsy. For one thing, it is

31. According to Paragraph 1, Facebook acquired WhatsApp

for its .

[A] digital products

[B] user information

[C] physical assets

[D] quality service

32. Linking phone numbers to Facebook identities may .

[A] worsen political disputes

[B] mess up customer records

[D] mislead the European commission

33. According to the author, competition law .

[B] may worsen the economic imbalance

[C] should not provide just one legal solution

[D] cannot keep pace with the changing market

[A] should sever the new market powers

[C] pose a risk to Facebook users