2024年5月16日发(作者：魅族mx 双核)

公众号：悠悠夏日风微凉

绝密★启用前

2018

年全国硕士研究生招生考试

英语（二）

（科目代码：204）

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公众号：悠悠夏日风微凉

Section

Ⅰ

UseofEnglish

Directions：

thebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmark

A,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)

WhydopeoplereadnegativeInternetcommentsanddootherthingsthatwill

obviouslybepainful?Becausehumanshaveaninherentneedto1uncertainty,

researchrevealsthat

theneedtoknowissostrongthatpeoplewill2tosatisfytheircuriosityeven

whenitiscleartheanswerwill3.

Inaseriesoffourexperiments,behavioralscientistsattheUniversityofChicago

andtheWisconsinSchoolofBusinesstestedstudents’willingnessto4themselves

5,eachparticipant

wasshownapileofpensthattheresearcherclaimedwerefromaprevious

st?Halfofthepenswould6anelectricshockwhen

clicked.

Twenty-sevenstudentsweretoldwhichpenswereelectrified;another

twenty-sevenweretoldonlythatsomewereelectrified.7leftaloneintheroom,

thestudentswhodidnotknowwhichoneswouldshockthemclickedmorepensand

uent

experimentsreproducedthiseffectwithotherstimuli,9thesoundoffingernails

onachalkboardandphotographsofdisgustinginsects.

Thedriveto10isdeeplyrootedinhumans,muchthesameasthebasic

drivesfor11orshelter,saysChristopherHseeoftheUniversityofChicago.

Curiosityisoftenconsideredagoodinstinct–itcan12newscientificadvances,

forinstance–ightthatcuriosity

candriveyoutodo14thingsisaprofoundone.

Unhealthycuriosityispossibleto15,alexperiment,

participantswhowereencouragedto16howtheywouldfeelafterviewingan

esults

suggestthatimaginingthe18offollowingthroughonone’scuriosityaheadof

timecanhelpdetermine19itisworththeendeavor.“Thinkingaboutlong-term

20iskeytoreducingthepossiblenegativeeffectsofcuriosity,”

otherwords,don’treadonlinecomments.

英语（二）试题

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公众号：悠悠夏日风微凉

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SectionIIReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions:

thequestionsaftereachtextbychoosingA,B,

uranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)

英语（二）试题

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公众号：悠悠夏日风微凉

Text1

ItiscuriousthatStephenKoziatekfeelsalmostasthoughhehastojustifyhis

effortstogivehisstudentsabetterfuture.

eacherataNew

Hampshirehighschoolwherelearningisnotsomethingofbooksandtestsand

mechanicalmemorization,ditbecomeacceptedwisdomthat

studentsshouldbeabletonamethe13thpresidentoftheUnitedStatesbutbeutterly

overwhelmedbyabrokenbikechain?

AsKoziatekknows,gis

necessarilygainedbyforcingstudentstolearngeometryatagraffitieddeskstuck

nalsolearngeometryby

assemblingabicycle.

Buthe’gwithyourhandsis

sinthefamilyofvocationaleducation

“hatit’sforkidswhocan’tmakeitacademically,”hesays.

Ononehand,thatviewpointisalogicalproductofAmerica’sevolution.

securitythatthe

moreforourkids,andrightfullyso.

Buttheheadlongpushintobachelor’sdegreesforall–andthesubtledevaluing

ofanythingless–missesanimportantpoint:That’snottheonlythingtheAmerican

,abachelor’nnow,54percent

ofthejobsinthecountryaremiddle-skilljobs,suchasconstructionandhigh-skill

y44percentofworkersareadequatelytrained.

Inotherwords,atatimewhentheworkingclasshasturnedthecountryonits

politicalhead,frustratedthattheopportunitythatoncedefinedAmericaisvanishing,

sagapinworking-classjobs,but

theworkerswhoneedthosejobsmostaren’ek’s

ManchesterSchoolofTechnologyHighSchoolistryingtofillthatgap.

Koziatek’ucationbecomesone-size-fits-all,it

risksoverlookinganation’sdiversityofgifts.

英语（二）试题

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公众号：悠悠夏日风微凉

nbikechainismentionedtoshowstudents’lackof_____.

A.

B.

C.

D.

practicalability

academictraining

pioneeringspirit

mechanicalmemorization

xiststheprejudicethatvocationaleducationisforkidswho_____.

A.

B.

C.

D.

haveastereotypedmind

havenocareermotivation

arenotacademicallysuccessful

arefinanciallydisadvantaged

nferfromParagraph5thathighschoolgraduates_____.

A.

B.

C.

D.

usedtohavebigfinancialconcerns

usedtohavemorejobopportunities

arereluctanttoworkinmanufacturing

areentitledtomoreeducationalprivileges

dlongpushintobachelor’sdegreesforall_____.

A.

B.

C.

D.

helpscreatealotofmiddle-skilljobs

maynarrowthegapinworking-classjobs

isexpectedtoyieldabetter-trainedworkforce

indicatestheovervaluingofhighereducation

hor’sattitudetowardKoziatek’sschoolcanbedescribedas_____.

A.

B.

C.

D.

supportive

tolerant

disappointed

cautious

英语（二）试题

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公众号：悠悠夏日风微凉

Text2

Whilefossilfuels–coal,oil,gas–stillgenerateroughly85percentofthe

world’senergysupply,it’sclearerthaneverthatthefuturebelongstorenewable

etorenewablesispickingupmomentum

aroundtheworld:Theynowaccountformorethanhalfofnewpowersourcesgoing

online.

Somegrowthstemsfromacommitmentbygovernmentsandfarsighted

reasinglythestoryisaboutthe

plummetingpricesofrenewables,tofsolar

panelshasdroppedby80percentandthecostofwindturbinesbycloseto

one-thirdinthepasteightyears.

Inmanypartsoftheworldrenewableenergyisalreadyaprincipalenergy

land,forexample,windturbinesprovideenoughelectricityto

herestoftheworldtakesthelead,notably

ChinaandEurope,h,

forthefirsttime,windandsolarpoweraccountedformorethan10percentofthe

powergeneratedintheUS,reportedtheUSEnergyInformationAdministration.

PresidentTrumphasunderlinedfossilfuels–especiallycoal–asthepathto

entspeechinIowa,hedismissedwindpowerasan

tmessagedidnotplaywellwithmanyinIowa,

wherewindturbinesdotthefieldsandprovide36percentofthestate’selectricity

generation–andwheretechgiantslikeMicrosoftarebeingattractedbythe

availabilityofcleanenergytopowertheirdatacenters.

Thequestion“whathappenswhenthewinddoesn’tbloworthesundoesn’t

shine?”ostinthestorage

capacityofbatteriesismakingtheirabilitytokeeppowerflowingaroundthe

clockmorelikely.

Theadvanceisdriveninpartbyvehiclemanufacturers,whoareplacingbig

ghelectriccarsarestillararity

onroadsnow,thismassiveinvestmentcouldchangethepicturerapidlyincoming

years.

Whilethere’salongwaytogo,

paceofchangeinenergysourcesappearstobespeedingup–perhapsjustintime

shingtondoes–

ordoesn’tdo–topromotealternativeenergymaymeanlessandlessatatimeof

aglobalshiftinthought.

英语（二）试题

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公众号：悠悠夏日风微凉

d“plummeting”(Line3,Para.2)isclosestinmeaningto_____.

A.

B.

C.

D.

stabilizing

changing

falling

rising

ingtoParagraph3,theuseofrenewableenergyinAmerica_____.

A.

B.

C.

D.

isprogressingnotably

isasextensiveasinEurope

facesmanychallenges

hasprovedtobeimpractical

elearnedthatinIowa,_____.

A.

B.

C.

D.

windisawidelyusedenergysource

windenergyhasreplacedfossilfuels

techgiantsareinvestingincleanenergy

thereisashortageofcleanenergysupply

fthefollowingistrueaboutcleanenergyaccordingtoParagraphs5&6？

A.

B.

C.

D.

Itsapplicationhasboostedbatterystorage.

Itiscommonlyusedincarmanufacturing.

Itscontinuoussupplyisbecomingareality.

Itssustainableexploitationwillremaindifficult.

einferredfromthelastparagraphthatrenewableenergy_____.

A.

B.

C.

D.

willbringtheUSclosertoothercountries

willaccelerateglobalenvironmentalchange

isnotreallyencouragedbytheUSgovernment

isnotcompetitiveenoughwithregardtoitscost

英语（二）试题

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公众号：悠悠夏日风微凉

Text3

Thepowerandambitionofthegiantsofthedigitaleconomyisastonishing–

AmazonhasjustannouncedthepurchaseoftheupmarketgrocerychainWhole

Foodsfor

＄

13.5bn,buttwoyearsagoFacebookpaidevenmorethanthatto

acquiretheWhatsAppmessagingservice,whichdoesn’thaveanyphysical

atsAppofferedFacebookwasanintricateandfinely

detailedwebofitsusers’friendshipsandsociallives.

FacebookpromisedtheEuropeancommissionthenthatitwouldnotlink

phonenumberstoFacebookidentities,butitbrokethepromisealmostassoonas

thoutknowingwhatwasinthemessages,the

knowledgeofwhosentthemandtowhomwasenormouslyrevealingandstill

liticaljournalist,whatpartywhip,wouldnotwanttoknowthe

makeupoftheWhatsAppgroupsinwhichTheresaMay’senemiesarecurrently

plotting?ItmaybethatthevalueofWholeFoodstoAmazonisnotsomuchthe

460shopsitowns,buttherecordsofwhichcustomershavepurchasedwhat.

Competitionlawappearstobetheonlywaytoaddresstheseimbalancesof

thing,itisveryslowcomparedtothepaceof

imeaproblemhasbeenaddressedand

remedieditmayhavevanishedinthemarketplace,tobereplacedbynewabuses

reisadeeperconceptualproblem,itionlawas

presentlyinterpreteddealswithfinancialdisadvantagetoconsumersandthisis

notobviouswhentheusersoftheseservicesdon’rsoftheir

uldbethepeoplewhobuyadvertising

fromthem–andFacebookandGoogle,thetwovirtualgiants,dominatedigital

advertisingtothedisadvantageofallothermediaandentertainmentcompanies.

Theproductthey’resellingisdata,andwe,theusers,convertourlivestodata

someantsfarmthebugscalledaphids

forthehoneydewtheyproducewhentheyfeed,soGooglefarmsusforthedata

eppredatoryinsectsawayfromwheretheir

aphidsfeed;n’tfeellikea

humanordemocraticrelationship,evenifbothsidesbenefit.

英语（二）试题

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