2024年5月15日发(作者：罗技鼠标官网)

新GRE作文真题满分范文讲解剖析之垃圾池处理

GRE作文考试最大的特点，便是GRE题库的公开，所有GRE考

试中可能会出现的作文题目，都已经事先公布在ETS的GRE官网上。

尽管考题公开透明，但庞大的题量，对于想要做好充分准备的考生来

说，仍然算得上是巨大的挑战。为了方便广大考生准备GRE作文，店

铺为大家整理了针对题库中ARGUMENT类文章题目的满分范文，包

含详细的逐段讲解和满分要素剖析，相信能给大家提供一些帮助。

新GRE作文真题满分范文讲解剖析之垃圾池处理

Arg-43

The following appeared in a memo from the mayor of the

town of West Egg:

"Two years ago, our consultants predicted that West Egg's

landfill, which is used for garbage disposal, would be completely

filled within five years. During the past two years, however, town

residents have been recycling twice as much aluminum and

paper as they did in previous years. Next month the amount of

material recycled should further increase, since charges for

garbage pickup will double. Furthermore, over ninety percent of

the respondents to a recent survey said that they would do more

recycling in the future. Because of our residents' strong

commitment to recycling, the available space in our landfill

should last for considerably longer than predicted."

【满分范文赏析】

In this memo West Egg's mayor indicates that a variety of

factors lead to an increase in recycling and a reduction in the

amount of trash deposited in the landfill. The landfill, he states,

should not be full for considerably longer than previously

projected. To support this projection the mayor cites the

following evidence: (1) a twofold increase in aluminum and paper

recycling by West Egg residents over the last two years, (2) an

impending twofold increase in charges for trash pickup, and (3)

a recent survey in which 90% of respondents indicated that they

intend to do more recycling in the future. For several reasons,

however, I am not convinced that the mayor's projection is

accurate.

【本段结构】

本文采用了标准的Argument开头段结构，即C—A—F的开头结

构。本段首先概括原文的Conclusion，之后简要提及原文为支持其结

论所引用的一系列Assumption及细节，最后给出开头段到正文段的

过渡句，指出原文的Flaw，即这些Assumption无法让原文的结论具

有说服力。

【本段功能】

作为Argument开头段，本段具体功能就在于发起攻击并概括原

文的结论，即West Egg垃圾池的装满要比之前顾问预期的晚。本段

接下来提到了原文中为支持之前的Conclusion所提供的证据，包括

West Egg居民对于某些特定垃圾的回收量上升了，对于居民征收的垃

圾处理费用加倍，以及最近的一项调查表明居民们在将来会做更多的

垃圾回收。文章提及这些信息，为是在正文段中对这些Assumption

即将进行的具体攻击做铺垫。

To begin with, aluminum and paper may account for only

some of the materials West Egg's residents can recycle. Perhaps

recycling of other recyclable materials (plastic and glass) has

declined to the point that the total amount of recycled materials

has also declined. If so, then the mayor could hardly justify the

claim that West Egg's residents are becoming more committed

to recycling.

【本段结构】

本段采用了标准的Argument正文段结构，即先是提及原文的第

一个逻辑错误，之后分析该逻辑错误的原因，接下来，进一步分析这

样的错误为什么让原文的Conclusion不成立。

【本段功能】

作为正文第一段，本段攻击原文所犯的第一个重要逻辑错误——

因果类错误。原文假设对铝制品和纸制品的废物回收工作能够减少垃

圾的排放量。但是，这样的假设忽视了其它相关的因素，毕竟这两种

特定的垃圾回收也许只占总垃圾回收的一部分而已。那么原文的结论

就不能成立。

Another problem with the argument is that an increase in the

amount of recycled materials does not necessarily indicate a

decrease in the total amount of trash deposited in the city's

landfill. Admittedly, if West Egg residents previously disposed of

certain recyclable materials that they now recycle instead, then

this shift from disposal to recycling would serve to reduce the

amount of trash going to the landfill. However, the mayor

provides no evidence of such a shift.

【本段结构】

本段采用了标准的Argument正文段结构，即先是提及原文的第

三个逻辑错误，之后分析该逻辑错误的原因，接下来，进一步分析这

样的错误为什么让原文的Conclusion不成立。

【本段功能】

作为正文第三段，本段攻击原文所犯的第三个重要逻辑错误——

因果类错误。原文假设垃圾堆填满的速度仅仅和人们的丢放垃圾的习

惯有关。但是，和第二个假设类似，作者忽视了和垃圾填方速度相关

的其它因素。因此，原文并不能证明这样的假设成立，进而不能证明

其结论有意义。

Finally, the mayor provides no evidence that the survey's

respondents are representative of the overall group of people

whose trash goes to the city's landfill. It is entirely possible that

people inclined to recycle were more willing to respond to the

survey than other people were. In short, without better evidence

that the survey is statistically reliable the mayor cannot rely on it

to draw any firm conclusions about the overall recycling

commitment of West Egg residents.

GRE写作词汇拓展的一些方法

开始着手准备GRE，是大二寒假的事情。看着周围同学一个一个

逐渐开始“啃”起了红宝书，而自己还对GRE完全没有了解，于是决

定寒假报名参加GRE辅导班，作为考G之旅的入门。半个月的课程上

完，感觉颇有收获。首先是对这个考试有了一些总体的也是必需的认

识，比如每一部分的比重和难度、准备的大体流程，等等。与此同时，

对于每一部分的复习策略也做到了心中有数了。在上辅导班的时候，

我做过几套verbal真题作为入门的测试，由于没有背过单词，类反部

分丢分严重，于是我就决定把精力集中在扩大词汇量上。当时还没有

背过红宝书，所以听类反课就像听天书一样，每节课下课后都会花很

长的时间查字典整理笔记。不过，虽然没有背过单词听课有些吃力，

但是我觉得在课上陈琦老师传授的做题思路对于备考很有帮助，比如

抓住单词的考点特征等等。等到临考之前、背熟红宝书之后，拿出当

时的笔记来回顾一下，蓦然发现之前觉得像天书一样的单词现在已经

稔熟于心了，于是不禁有了一种会心的感觉。

由于把提高单词量定为了自己的首要目标，于是大二下学期我所

做的准备工作就是把红宝书背了一遍。背的时候大概是一天一个list的

进度，每天在背新单词的时候还会复习一下昨天已经背过的list。当时

为了辅助记忆，我把红宝书附带的native speaker念单词的mp3放到

了随身听里，平时边走路边听，背到哪个list就听那一个list的录音。

如果自己能在录音里念出一个单词之后很快反应出这个单词的意思，

那么这个list就算背得差不多了。就这样进行了半个多学期，我把红宝

书背了一遍。

很快，放暑假了。我的作文机考时间原定在七月底，但是因为七

月中旬要去纽约参加Goldman Sachs Global Leaders Institute，准

备时间实在太仓促，于是我就改到了九月十号。从美国回来之后的整

个八月份都用在了准备作文上面。在我看来，准备作文实在是整个准