2024年5月6日发(作者：dell保修期查询)

一、如何变人称：

学生在将直接引语变间接引语时。常常弄不清人称变化。下面有一句顺口溜“一随主。二随

宾，第三人称不更新”。“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一

人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如：

She said. "My brother wants to go with me. "→She said her brother wanted to go

with her.

“二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称。或被第二人你所

修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用

第一人称，如：

He said to Kate. "How is your sister now?"→He asked Kate how her sister was

then。

“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第

三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如：

Mr Smith said。 "Jack is a good worker。"→Mr Smith said Jack was a good

worker。

二、如何变时态：

直接引语在改为间接引语时、时态需要做相应的调整。

现在时它需改为过去时态；过去时态改为完成时；过去完成时则保留原来的时态。如：

1)She said. "I have lost a pen."→She said she had lost a pen

2)She said. "We hope so."→She said they hoped so.

3) She said. "He will go to see his friend。"→She said he would go to see his

friend。

（1） 一般现在时变为一般过去时

（2） 现在进行时变为过去进行时

（3） 一般将来时变为过去将来时

（4） 现在完成时变为过去完成时

（5） 一般过去时变为过去完成时

（6） 过去完成时不变，仍为过去完成时

但要注意在以下几种情况下。在直接引语变为间接引语时，时态一般不变化。

①直接引语是客观真理。

"The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth, the

teacher told me. → The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and

the moon moves around the earth。

②直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。如：

Jack said. "John, where were you going when I met you in the street?"→Jack

asked John where he was going when he met him in the street。

③直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。如：

Xiao Wang said. "I was born on April 2l, 1980。" →Xiao Wang said he was born

on April 20, 1980。

④直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。

如：

He said, "I get up at six every morning。" →He said he gets up at six every

morning。

⑤如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式（例：ought to， had better, used to)

和已经是过去时的形式时，（例：could, should, would, might）不再变。如：

Peter said. "You had better come have today。" →Peter said I had better go

there that day。

三、如何变状语：

直接引语变间接引语，状语变化有其内在规津，时间状语由“现在”改为“原来”（例：now

变为then, yesterday。变为 the day before）地点状语，尤其表示方向性的，或用指示

代词修饰的状语，由“此”改为“彼”（例：this 改为that),如：

He said, "These books are mine." →He said those books were his.

指示代词

this……these

these……those

表示时间的词

now……then

today……that day

this week(month ,etc)……that week (month ,etc)

yesterday……the day before

last week(month ,etc)……the week(month ,etc) before

three days (a year ,etc) ago……three days (a year. etc) before

tomorrow……the next (following ) day

next week (month ,etc)……the next (following ) week (month ,etc)

表地点的词

here……there

动词

bring……take

come……go

四、如何变句型：

①直接引语如果是陈述句，间接引语应改为由that引导的宾语从句。如：She said, "Our

bus will arrive in five minutes."→She said that their bus would arrive in five

minutes.

②直接引语如果是反意疑问句，选择疑问句或一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由whether或

if引导的宾语从句.如：He said, "Can you swim, John?" →He asked John if he could

swim.

"You have finished the homework, haven„t you?" my mother asked. →My

mother asked me whether I had finished the homework.

"Do you go to school by bus or by bike?" →He asked me if I went to school by

bus or by bike.

③直接引语如果是特殊问句，间接引语应该改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句（宾

语从句必须用陈述句语序）。

She asked me, "When do they have their dinner?"→ She asked me when they