2024年4月23日发(作者：黑莓9700铃声)
Lesson 4 梅兰芳句子翻译解析
罗琼
1. 大巴拿马城人口69.5万，占全国人口三分之一以上。
Greater Panama has a population of 695,000, accounting for / which accounts for
more than one third the country’s total.
老师的话： 先找句子主干， SVO结构。注意形合特征，即连接词和非谓语
动词的使用。
2. 去年暑假，我跟着爸爸妈妈到巴拿马运河去游览观光，至今还记忆犹新。
Last summer vacation I went with my parents on a sightseeing tour along it, which /
and that is still fresh in my memory.
老师的话：注意词的搭配
或者：
I still remember last summer
沿河观光
tour along the river.
3. 巴拿马城气候湿热，年平均气温26.9℃，年平均降水量1903毫米。Panama
City has a hot and humid climate, with / as it has an annual average temperature of
26.9℃ and an average annual rainfall of 1903 mm.
老师的话：
年平均气温： 一年内气温的平均值（即365天的气温平均值）指的是average
temperature throughout the year，所以可以翻译成annual average temperature
年平均降水量：历年来每年的总降水量的平均数（以年为单位），先有年降
雨量，再有平均，所以是：annual rainfall 的数量的平均值，因此译为：average
annual rainfall.
同时注意湿热的前后顺序，如果humid在前，降水量就在前。如果热在前，
那么平均气温就在前。
英文是十分注重逻辑结构的。
4. 失败的消息传来，居里夫人仍然微笑着，看不出丝毫痛苦不安，就像这件
事从未发生过一样。
When news of her failure came, Madame Curie still smiled, without showing the
slightest pain or unease, as if it had never happened.
老师的话：
竹节式结构向葡萄式结构的转化，意合到形合的转化。
请注意连接词和非谓语动词的使用, 如when, without showing, as if
5. 我们确实活得艰难，一要承受种种外部的压力，更要面对内心的困惑。
It’s true that we have been leading a difficult life, for we need not only to be
under various external pressures, but also to face internal perplexities.
It’s true that we have being leading a difficult life for the external pressures and
internal perplexities we have to face.
The external pressures and internal perplexities make our life very difficult
indeed.
老师的话：
把握英文句子的逻辑结构，即因果关系。
后面两个试译的版本可以拓展大家的思路。
汉译英的过程中，我们通常会采用动词名词化的方式。
You use indeed at the end of a clause to give extra force to the word `very', or
to emphasize a particular word.
The engine began to sound very
The perplexities/bewilderment of something are those things about it which are difficult to
understand because they are complicated.
困惑： “感到疑难，不知道该怎么办”---辞海
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