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选修八

Unit 1 A land of diversity

Ⅰ.单词默写

1．In the north of India，the population is booming(处于迅速发展时期)due to high

birth rates.(2017·江苏卷)

2．A strong man will bear hardship (困难) without complaining.

3．It just occurred (发生) to me that if we wanted to go to the seashore for our

vacation，we had better make reservations in advance.

4．Anyone who goes abroad will accept security check at the customs (海关)．

5. Undergraduates have been hired (雇用) since 2016 to assist in creating an

environmentally friendly campus.

6．The gunmen will not escape punishment (惩罚)．

7．We have only a small percentage (百分比) of foreign books.

Ⅱ.词性转换

1．Apparently，she took no notice of the apparent mistakes in the accident.(apparent)

2．All the applicants can apply in person or by letter and at the same time should hand

in their applications before May 6th.(apply)

3．The distinction between them is not so distinct for they are twins.(distinct)

4．A new law has been brought in to discourage racial prejudice and ask equal rights

for different races．(race)

5．He was elected as the president again and some thought the election was a total

failure.(elect)

6．He indicated that an indicator should give me some indications of how I did in the

test.(indicate)

7．One of the major problems is that a majority of the graduates who major in English

find it difficult to find a good job.(majority)

Ⅲ.短语填空

1．The route has been marked__out (划出) so that it is easy to find his house.

2．John preferred to go into business alone rather than team__up__with (合作) anyone

else.

3．The police looked into the case carefully and found the thief had entered the house

by__means__of (通过) a ladder.

4． sent an e－mail to the manager，applying__for (申请) a job in the

company.

5．It is honorable to make__a__life (谋生) with your hands while depending on others

is a shame.

6．After seeing a__great/good__many (许多) homeless people in the streets，I thought

I should do something for them.

7．Halfway through the chapter I realized I hadn’t taken anything in(吸收)．

8．To__keep__up (维持) good relationships with your teachers and classmates，you

should learn to be on good terms with them.

1．句型公式：what引导的名词性从句

这幅画使我想起了我在那个村子里的经历。

The picture reminded me of what__I__had__experienced__in__the__village．

2．句型公式：that

他迷恋电脑游戏，那就是他考试多次失败的原因。

He is addicted to computer games，and that__is__why__he__has__failed in the exams

several times.

3．句型公式：It’s

这次会议有可能会由于天气原因而被推迟。

It’s__likely__that__the__conference__will__be__put__off because of the weather.

4．句型公式：不定式作后置定语

刘洋是探索太空的第一位中国女性。

Liu__Yang__is__the__first__Chinese__woman__to__explore__space.

5．句型公式：It is

据说油价不久会上涨。

It__is__said__that__the__price__of__oil__will__go__up__soon.

第一板块 重点单词

ty n.大多数；大半

高考必刷题练透

单句语法填空/微写作

①So，let us assume that historical buildings are both attractive and important to the

majority (major) of people.

②The white are in the majority in Australia while the native people in the minority.

③An agreement seems to be impossible because the majority of the committee

members are (be) against it.

④It is evident that the majority of the damage is(be) easy to repair.

⑤大部分人认为普通的工作无聊甚至无价值。

The__majority__of__people__consider__an__ordinary__job__boring__or__even__v

alueless.(广东卷·写作)

状元笔记全记牢

(1)a/the 大多数……

be in the/a majority 构成大部分/大多数

(2) major n.& v. 主修；专业

major in 主修……；以……为专业

【点津】

the/a majority of＋名词，表示“大多数”，谓语动词的数与of后面的名词相一致；

the majority单独作主语时，谓语动词用单复数均可。

【联想】

minority n. 少数

in the minority 占少数

vi.发生；出现

高考必刷题练透

用occur对比填空/一句多译



①The idea occurred to him in a dream.



②Didn’t it occur to you to close the window？



③我忽然想起来还没有交作业。



③－2 It occurred to me



that I had not handed in my paper.



③－3 It hit me that

状元笔记全记牢

③－1 It struck me that

sth occurs to sb 某人突然想起某事

It occurs to 某人突然想起……

It occurs to sb to do sth 某人突然想起做某事

【联想】 表达“某人突然想起……”的句型还有：

主语

事物或it

人

句型

①sth comes to sb ②sth hits/strikes sb

③It strikes/hits

①sb comes up with sth ②sb hits on/upon sth

ntly adv.显然地；显而易见地

高考必刷题练透

完成句子

①As__is__apparently__shown__in__the__chart__above，there are about 10%

students supporting the idea.

正如上面图表中明确显示的那样，大约10%的学生支持这种观点。

②It__is__apparent__that he was lost in thought.

显然他陷入了沉思。

③用副词作状语改写练习②

Apparently，he__was__lost__in__thought.

状元笔记全记牢

(1)As is apparently shown/stated in the picture/chart/

正如上面图画/图表/文中明显展示/陈述的那样……

(2)apparent adj. 显然的；显而易见的

It is 显然……(＝apparently)

It is apparent from 从某物上很明显地看出……

It is apparent to 某人明白……

n.& vt.租用；雇用

高考必刷题练透

单句语法填空

①There are many bicycles on hire in this area.

②There are three small boats available for hire.

③David used to hire his car out sometimes when he didn’t need it himself.

状元笔记全记牢

(1)on hire 出租

for hire 可供出租

(2)hire sth out (to sb) 把……租出去(给某人)

vt.选择；决定做某事；选举某人

高考必刷题练透

单句语法填空/单句改错

①Donald Trump was__elected (elect) as the new president of the United States.

②If I am lucky enough to win the election (elect)，the first thing I will do is to enrich

our students’ after－class activities.

状元笔记全记牢

(1)elect sb(as/to be)＋职位＝be elected＋职位 (职位前无冠词)

(2)election n.选举

第二板块 核心短语

means of通过；用……办法；借助于

高考必刷题练透

单句语法填空/完成句子

①They tried all means，which possibly are(be)helpful，but unfortunately not a means

has(have) worked so far.

②Only__by__this__means__is__it possible to persuade him out of smoking.

只有用这种方法才能说服他不抽烟。

③Furthermore，by no means is__punishment__a__wise__choice__to help them grow

up mentally and physically.

此外，惩罚绝不是一个帮助他们在精神上和身体上健康成长的明智选择。

状元笔记全记牢

by this means 用这种方法

by all means 当然可以；没问题

by no means 决不；一点也不(放在句首时，句子用部分倒装语序)

【联想】

means作“方式，方法”讲时，单复数同形。若all/some/several/many means作主

语，谓语动词用复数形式；若every/each/one/a means作主语，谓语动词用单数形

式。

in包括；吸收；理解；欺骗；收留

高考必刷题练透

(1)写出下列句中take in的含义

①This is the total cost of the holiday，taking everything in.包括

②Don’t be taken in by products promising to make you lose weight quickly.欺骗

③I found it easy to take in what the teacher had taught.理解

(2)根据提示完成片段

④从父亲那里接管过这个公司之后，他吸收了一些先进的理念，雇用了一些娴熟

的技术工人，这预示着他的公司即将腾飞。

After taking__over the company from his father，he took__in some advanced ideas

and took__on some skillful workers，which suggests that his company will take__off

soon.

状元笔记全记牢

take off 起飞；匆匆离去；脱下；大获成功

take on呈现；雇用

take over 接收，接管；取代

take apart 使分开，拆开

take away 解除，消除

take back 收回，退回

第三板块 经典句式

That__is__why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or

second language.

那就是今天有超过40%的加利福尼亚人把西班牙语作为第一或第二语言的原因。

高考必刷题练透

对比填空/微写作



②It was raining hard； that was why he came late.



③The reason why he came late was that it was raining



hard.

④那就是我为什么申请这个职位的原因。

That’s__why__I__apply__for__the__position.

状元笔记全记牢

this/that 这/那就是……的原因

this/that 这/那是因为……

this is the 这就是……的原因

①He came late； that is because it was raining hard.

the ……的原因是……

Ⅰ.课文短文改错

George arrived early on the morning by went straight to the hotel and

dropped his luggage，then he went first thing was a ride on cable

top of the hill he gets a spectacular view of San Francisco Bay and the

ng in 1873，the cable car system was invented by Andrew was

wanted to find a better form of transport than horse－drawn nt，he had

been shocked when he saw a terrible accident in that a tram slipped down the hill

dragging the horses with so many exploring，he was exhausting and had a rest.

答案

on

George arrived early

in

the morning by went straight to the hotel and

explore

dropped his luggage，then he went

exploring

.The first thing was a ride on



cable

a

gets

top of the hill he

got

a spectacular view of San Francisco Bay and the

Building

city.

Built

in 1873，the cable car system was invented by Andrew

was

Apparent

wanted to find a better form of transport than horse－drawn trams.

Apparently

，he had

that

been shocked when he saw a terrible accident in

which

a tram slipped down the hill

manyexhausting

dragging the horses with so

much

exploring，he was

exhausted

and had a

rest.

Ⅱ.单元要点微写作

根据下面提示写一篇60词左右的短文介绍一位执着而又伟大的母亲。

大多数医生认为她没有活下去的可能。然而，她的妈妈绝不放弃，因为她认为她

女儿很可能会康复。为了保持她的勇气，妈妈做了所能够做的一切来安慰她。尽

管有很多困难，他们最终得以成功。

【参考范文】

The majority of doctors agreed that she had no chance of r，by

no means did her mother give up because she thought that her daughter was likely to

recover keep up her courage，the mother did all she could to comfort

e much hardship，they succeeded at last.

Ⅲ.写作句型锤炼

主体段落常用句型锤炼之三十四：would rather

►先熟读背诵——精彩句型烂熟于心

1．Personally, I would rather take a trip along the Yangtze River, the longest river of

China and one of the mother rivers of Chinese civilization.(2017·北京卷·书面表达)

就我个人而言，我宁愿沿着长江旅行，它是中国最长的河流和中国文明的母亲河

之一。

2．We would rather our daughter stayed at home with us, but it is her choice, and she

is not a child any longer.

我们宁愿女儿和我们一起待在家里，但是这是她的选择，她已不再是小孩了。

3．Jane is a quiet girl, who would rather stay in the library than go to see a movie.

简是一个文静的女孩，她宁愿待在图书馆也不愿去看电影。

4．My girlfriend wants to see me today, but I would rather she came tomorrow.

我女朋友今天想来看我，但我宁愿她明天来。

5．I would rather you hadn’t told him the news that day.

我真希望你那天没有把那个消息告诉他。

►后临摹仿写——妙语佳句信手拈来

1．你愿意待在家里还是和我们一起出去野餐？

Would__you__rather__stay__at__home__or__go__out__to__have__a__picnic__with

__us?

2．我宁愿待在这里，也不愿意去度假。

I__would__rather__stay__here__than__go__on__holiday.

3．我倒想你本该把事实真相告诉我。

I__would__rather__you__had__told__me__the__truth.