2024年3月18日发(作者：三星官网为什么没有笔记本)

1. allophone:音位变体 The different phones which represent or derive from

one phoneme are called the allophones of that phoneme.

2. context:语境，上下文 refers to the features of the situation or environment,

linguistic and /or extra-linguistic, in relation to which an utterance or text has

meaning.

3. parole:言语 is the realization of the langue

4. root:词根 is the part which is left after all the affixes (inflectional affixes and

derivational affixes) are removed

5. the semantic triangle: 语义三角illustrating the view of meaning as concept.

6. reference:所指 extra-linguistic relationship —object carrying these

properties

7. connotative meaning:内涵意义it is the communicative value that a word or

a combination of words has by virtue of what it refers to, over and above

its purely conceptual content. For example, the connotative meaning of ―woman

is emotional, frail, inconstant, irrational, etc.

8. IC Analysis: 直接成分分析法A sentence can be segmented into the smallest

meaningful linguistic units, such a method of cutting sentences or words into their

meaningful component parts is called ICA.

9. Cooperative Principle:合作原则a principle proposed by the philosopher

Paul Grice whereby those involved in communication assume that both parties will

normally seek to cooperate with each other to establish agreed meaning. It is

composed of four maxims: quality, relation, and manner.

10. Speech Act Theory:言语行为理论 : scientific study of speech acts in

communication. the theory was proposed by and has been developed by

. Basically, they believe that language is not only used to inform or to

describe things, it is often used to “do things,” to perform acts.

11. duality:二元性the way meanings elements of language at one

level( sounds and letters) combine to form meaningful units(words) at another

level.

12. labiodentals:唇齿音 speech sounds produced with the upper teeth and

the lower lip.

13. minimal pairs:最小对立体when two different words are identical in every

way except for one phoneme which occurs in the same place, they are said to form

a minimal pair.

14. syllable:音节a syllable is the smallest structured sound unit made up of a

rule-governed sequence of phonemes.

15. initialism:首字母缩略词some new words are composed of the first letters