2024年2月20日发(作者:thinkpad在线客服)
2021高中英语外刊时文阅读原创语法填空(系列五)
文章1:三星堆考古发掘又上新
文章2:世界最大冰山融化分解
文章3:介子椎与清明节
文章4:缺觉增加老年痴呆风险
三星堆考古发掘又“上新”
Chinese archaeologists(考古学家)announced the discovery of over 500
___1___(culture) relics(文物), during an ongoing excavation(发掘) at the
Sanxingdui Ruins site(三星堆遗址) in Guanghan, Southwest China’s Sichuan province.
The relics were discovered in six sacrificial pits(祭祀坑)___2___(date) back over 3,200
years. Among the important finds are gold and bronze masks, bronze ware, more than 100
ivory tusks, textiles(纺织物) and jade among other artifacts(工艺品).
In No 3 pit, a rich reservoir(储备) for bronze ware(青铜器), archaeologists found two
square zun jars(青铜尊), a ___3___(type) ancient Chinese bronze ritual vessel(祭器). Such
artifacts were not found in 1986. Some of the bronze ware items __4___ (decorate) with dragon
and ox patterns. The Sanxingdui Ruins is known __5___ one of the world's greatest
archeological ___6_____(discover)of the 20th century. The site was __7_____(original)
discovered in the 1920s by a farmer.
__8___ huge surprise came in 1986 ___9___two sacrificial pits filled with more than 1,000
relics, including gold masks, bronze sacred trees, bronze ware, jade ware and ivory, were
discovered by local workers ___10____(excavate)clay for bricks.
文章1答案解析:
al
考查词性转换。修饰名词relics用形容词。
2.
dating
考查非谓语。现在分词作后置定语。被修饰词pits和date back为主动关系所以用现在分词,date back不用于被动语态。句意:文物在6座三星堆文化"祭祀坑"中出土,这些"祭祀坑"距今约3200多年。
3.
typical
考查词性转换。修饰名词bronze ritual vessel用形容词typical典型的。句意:其中有两个正方形青铜尊,是中国古代典型的青铜祭器。
decorated
考查动词语态。be decorated with..装饰着。主语和decorate之间是被动关系。句意:其中一些青铜器上面还装饰有龙、牛的图案。
5. as
考查固定短语。be known as…以...知名; 称为.句意:三星堆遗址被称为20世纪全世界最重大的考古发现之一
6. discoveries
考查词性转换。 形容词archeological修饰名词,且one of 后跟复数名词。
7. originally
考查词性转换。修饰动词用副词。句意:该遗址最初由一个农民在上世纪20年代发现。
8. A
考查冠词。surprise为首次出现用泛指,所以用不定冠词a.
9. when
考查定语从句。先行词为1986,定从缺时间状语所以用关系副词when, 相当于in
which, 句意:1986年,当地工人挖土烧砖时意外发现了两个祭祀坑,里面有1000多件文物,包括金面具、青铜神树、青铜器、玉器、象牙等。
ting
考查非谓语。现在分词作后置定语。被修饰词workers和excavate之间为主动关系所以用现在分词。
全文翻译:
我国考古学家宣布,四川广汉三星堆遗址新发现的6座三星堆文化"祭祀坑"中已出土500余件文物,这些"祭祀坑"距今约3200多年。出土的重要文物包括金面具、铜面具、铜器、100多个象牙、纺织物以及玉器等其他工艺品。
全文翻译:
在三号坑,考古学家发现了大量青铜器,其中有两个正方形青铜尊,是中国古代典型的青铜祭器。其中一些青铜器上面还装饰有龙、牛的图案。这些文物都是1986年发掘时没有发现的。三星堆遗址被称为20世纪全世界最重大的考古发现之一。该遗址最初由一个农民在上世纪20年代发现。
1986年,当地工人挖土烧砖时意外发现了两个祭祀坑,里面有1000多件文物,包括金面具、青铜神树、青铜器、玉器、象牙等。
世界最大冰山融化分解
The iceberg __11___ was for a time the biggest in the world is no more. A68, __12___ it
was known, covered an area of nearly 6,000 sq km when it broke away __13___ Antarctica in
2017. That's like a small country. _14____ satellites show the mega-berg has now virtually
gone, broken into countless small fragments(碎片) that the US National Ice Center says are no
longer worth ___15____(track). Most glaciologists(冰川学家) regard A68 __16___ the
product of a very natural process, and it has nothing to do with human-induced climate change.
British Antarctic Survey also put a couple of robots in the ocean in February
___17____(study) up close some of A68's latter-day segments(碎片). One went missing soon
after, and the ___18___ actually got stuck under the ice for two weeks before managing to free
itself and continue its __19____(observe). This robot will be recovered in May to pull down(收集) its data. It should reveal information about __20____ icebergs affect their surroundings by,
for example, dumping fresh water into the ocean as they melt.
文章2答案解析:
/which
考查定语从句。先行词为iceberg,定从缺主语用关系代词which/that
12. as
考查定语从句。as 引导非限制性定从,表“正如”,句意:正如大家所知的,A68冰山于2017年同南极洲大陆冰盖分离时,面积接近6000平方公里。
13. from
考查固定短语。break away from 与..脱离
14. But
考查连词。根据上下文此处为转折。句意:但最新卫星照片显示,这座冰山如今已经不复存在,融化分解成大量小冰山。
15. tracking
考查固定短语。be worth doing 值得做某事。句意:美国国家冰雪数据中心表示,这些小冰山已没有追踪价值。
16. as
考查固定短语。regard.. as..把..看做…
study
考查非谓语。不定式作目的状语。句意:英国南极调查局也在海洋中放置了两个机器人,试图近距离对A68冰山的碎片进行跟踪研究。
18. other
考查固定句式。one…the other…一个…另一个…此处为介绍两个机器人的情况。句意;其中一个不久后失联,另一个在冰下被困了两周后才得以脱身继续观察。
19. observations
考查词性转换。its形容词性物主代词修饰名词。observations观察。
考查引导宾语从句的连接词。连接副词how表示怎么样,作状语。句意:科学家将通过该设备收集到的数据,进一步研究冰山消融过程中向海洋释出大量淡水会对周边环境产生什么样的影响。
全文翻译:
代号为A68的世界最大冰山已融化分解。A68冰山于2017年同南极洲大陆冰盖分离时,面积接近6000平方公里,与一个袖珍小国相当。但最新卫星照片显示,这座冰山如今已经不复存在,融化分解成大量小冰山。美国国家冰雪数据中心表示,这些小冰
山已没有追踪价值。大多数冰川学家认为,A68冰山的消失是非常自然的过程,与人类活动引发的气候变化无关。
今年2月,英国南极调查局也在海洋中放置了两个机器人,试图近距离对A68冰山的碎片进行跟踪研究。其中一个不久后失联,另一个在冰下被困了两周后才得以脱身继续观察。这个机器人将于5月被打捞上来。科学家将通过该设备收集到的数据,进一步研究冰山消融过程中向海洋释出大量淡水会对周边环境产生什么样的影响。
介子椎与清明节
Qing Ming is popularly associated __21___ Jie Zi Zhui, who lived in Shanxi province in
600 B.C. Legend has it that Jie saved his __22____(starve)lord's(君主的) life by serving a
piece of his own leg. When the lord succeeded in becoming the ruler of a small principality(公国), he invited his faithful follower to join him.____23_____, Jie refused his invitation,
___24____(prefer)to lead a hermit's(隐士的) life with his mother in the mountains.
___25____(believe) that he could force Jie out by burning the mountain, the lord ordered
his men to set the forest on ___26___. To his consternation(恐慌), Jie chose to remain where
he was and ____27_____(burn)to death. ____28___(remember) Jie, the lord ordered all fires
in every home to be put out on the anniversary of Jie's death. Thus began the "cold food feast",
a day ___29___ no food could be cooked since no fire could be lit.
The "cold food" festival occurs __30__the eve of Qing Ming and is often considered as part
of the Qing Ming festival. As time passes, the Qing Ming festival replaced the "cold food"
festival.
文章3答案解析:
考查固定短语 be associated with..
与……有关
22.
starving
考查词性转换。修饰名词lord用形容词starving饥饿的
23. However
考查连词。上下文可知是转折。句意:后来,重耳回到晋国,作了国君(即晋文公,春秋五霸之一),大事封赏所有跟随他流亡在外的随从,但是介子椎拒绝接受封赏
24. preferring
考查非谓语。现在分词作状语。非谓语prefer和句子主语Jie之间是主动关系,用现在分词。
25. Believing
考查非谓语。现在分词作原因状语。非谓语believe和句子主语the lord之间为主动关系,用现在分词。
26. fire
考查固定短语。set … on fire 给……放火
27. was burnt
考查动词语态。Jie和burn之间是被动关系。句意:介子椎被火烧死了
28. To remember
考查非谓语。不定式作目的状语。句意:为了纪念介子椎,晋文公下令每年的这一天,禁止生火。
考查定语从句,先行词是day,定从缺时间状语。所以用关系副词when,相当于on
which.句意:晋文公下令每年的这一天,禁止生火,家家户户只能吃生冷的食物,这就是寒食节的来源。
30. on
考查介词。具体到某一天用介词on.
全文翻译:
谈到清明节,有点历史知识的人,都会联想到历史人物介子椎。据历史记载,在两千多年以前的春秋时代,晋国公子重耳逃亡在外,生活艰苦,跟随他的介子椎不惜从自己的腿上割下一块肉让他充饥。后来,重耳回到晋国,作了国君(即晋文公,春秋五霸之一),大事封赏所有跟随他流亡在外的随从,惟独介子椎拒绝接受封赏,他带了母亲隐居绵山。
晋文公无计可施,只好放火烧山,他想,介子椎孝顺母亲,一定会带着老母出来。谁知这场大火却把介子椎母子烧死了。为了纪念介子椎,晋文公下令每年的这一天,禁止生火,家家户户只能吃生冷的食物,这就是寒食节的来源。
寒食节是在清明节的前一天,古人常把寒食节的活动延续到清明,久而久之,清明取代了寒食节。
缺觉增加老年痴呆风险
People __31____ regularly sleep for six hours or less each night in middle age are more
likely __32_____(develop) dementia(痴呆症) than those who routinely manage seven hours,
____33___ to a major study into the disease. ___34_____(research) found a 30% greater risk
of dementia in those who during ___35___ 50s, 60s and 70s consistently(一贯地) had a short
night's sleep, regardless __36___ other risk factors such as heart and metabolic(新陈代谢)
conditions and poor mental health.
Researchers do not know __37___ improving sleep can reduce the risk of dementia, but
sleep ___38____(know) to clear toxic(有毒的) waste from the brain. One hypothesis(假设) is
that when people sleep less, this process becomes __39_____(damage). Nearly 10 million new
cases of dementia, including Alzheimer's disease, ___40_____(count) each year worldwide,
and disrupted(中断的) sleep is a common symptom(症状).
文章4答案解析:
31. who
考查定语从句。先行词为people, 定从缺主语用关系代词who.
32. to develop
考查固定短语. be likely to do很有可能做某事. 句意:与每晚睡眠7小时的人相比,中年人每晚睡眠6小时或更少更易患痴呆症。
ing
考查固定短语。according to 根据
34. Researchers
考查词性转换。作主语用名词researchers研究者
35. their
考查代词。指代those那些人用their.句意:在50岁-70岁年龄段人群中,长期睡眠不足的人,患痴呆症的风险要高出30%。
36. of
考查固定短语regardless of..不管…不考虑..
37. whether/if
考查引导宾语从句的连接词。whether/if表是否,在宾从中不做成分,只起连接作用。句意:研究人员尚不清楚改善睡眠是否能降低患痴呆症的风险。
38. is known
考查动词语态。sleep与know之间是被动关系。句意:但他们知道睡眠能帮助大脑清除有毒废物。
39. damaged
考查词性转换。系动词become后跟形容词作表语。damaged被损坏的。
40. are counted
考查动词语态。cases 和count为被动关系,且each year可知用一般现在时。句意:全球每年新增阿尔茨海默病等痴呆症病例近1000万例。
全文翻译;
一项针对痴呆症的大型研究表明,与每晚睡眠7小时的人相比,中年人每晚睡眠6小时或更少更易患痴呆症。研究人员发现,不考虑心脏、新陈代谢和心理健康状况不佳等其他风险因素,在50岁-70岁年龄段人群中,长期睡眠不足的人,患痴呆症的风险要高出30%。
研究人员尚不清楚改善睡眠是否能降低患痴呆症的风险,但他们知道睡眠能帮助大脑清除有毒废物。有种假说认为,当人们睡眠不足时,这一过程就会受到损害。世界卫
生组织的数据显示,全球每年新增阿尔茨海默病等痴呆症病例近1000万例,而睡眠中断是常见的症状。
发布者:admin,转转请注明出处:http://www.yc00.com/num/1708412274a1560747.html
评论列表(0条)