2023年12月29日发(作者：酷派大神8720l)

第一单元语法community

特殊疑问句

特殊疑问句的公式：

疑问词 + 一般疑问句

其中，一般疑问句又采取倒装或部分倒装的形式。

特殊疑问句的疑问词有这些：what（什么）,who(谁)，whom（谁）,whose（谁的）,which（哪一个）,when(什么时候)，where(哪里),how（如何，怎样）, why（为什么） ,how

many（多少）, how much（多少）, how long（多长）, how far（多远）, how old（年龄多大）

【举例说明】：Who helped the old woman cross the road?谁帮助老奶奶过马路的？

Whom is our English teacher talking with?我们的英语老师正在和谁说话？

Which is the third day of the week?一周中的第三天是星期几？

Whose book is it?.这是谁的书？

When were you born?你什么时候出生的？

When are we going to meet?我们什么时候会面？

How are you getting on with your friends?你与你的朋友们相处如何？

Why were you late for school?你为什么上学迟到了？

Where did you work before you came here?来这儿之前你在哪儿工作？

How many boats are there in the lake?湖里有多少只小船？

How much does the piano cost?这钢琴多少钱？

How long was he away from school?他多久没来上学了？

How far is the clothing factory?这家服装厂有多远？

How old is your grandpa?你的爷爷多大年纪了？

【练习】：1.---_______ is your telephone number?

---8652738.

many much

【答案选B】译文：你的电话号码是多少？---8652738.

2._______ is this machine for?

【答案选D】译文：这台机器是做什么用的？

3.---________ do you want?

---I want a CD of popular songs.

CD many CDs CD much

【答案选C】译文：你想要那种类型的CD?---我想要流行音乐的CD。

4.---How did you like the trip to Hainan?

---It was wonderful?

【答案选B】译文：你在海南的旅行怎么样？---好极了。

5.---_____do you like Chinese food?

---very much.

what

【答案选C】译文：---你觉得中国食物怎么样？---挺好的。

6.---Excuse me._____ is the nearest bookshop?

---Go down the street and turn left at the second corner.

【答案选C】译文：---对不起，到最近的书店怎么走？---沿着这条街在第二个拐弯处向左拐。

7.---_____ is a ticket for the film Hacker 11?

---About forty yuan.

did many much often

【答案选C】译文：电影《11号黑客》的门票多少钱？---大约40元。

8.---_____ is the hospital?

---Only a few kilometres.

big many far much

【答案选C】译文：那家医院有多远？---只有几千米远。

9.---_____ do you go to the cinema?

---Once a month.

often soon long much

【答案选A】译文：你多久去看一次电影？---一个月一次。

感叹句

感叹句表示说话人惊奇、喜悦、愤怒等情绪，带有强烈的感情色彩。

感叹句有两种：

What + （a/an）名词或名词词组

How + 形容词或副词或动词

举例说明：What good news it is！ 多好的消息啊！

How beautiful your car is ! 你的车真漂亮！

注：感叹句多用how 和what引起。how 和what与所修饰的词放在句首，其他部分用陈述句语序。

举例说明：What a kind girl she is!(中心词是girl，为单数可数名词，所以前面有a)

=How kind a girl she is !（中心词是kind, 为形容词）多么好的女孩！

What bad news!(中心词是news,为不可数名词)多么糟的消息！

What good teachers they are!(中心词是teachers,为复数名词)多么好的老师啊！

How well he speaks English!他英语讲得多好啊！

How carefully he writes!他写得多认真啊！

How nice!太好了！

How I loved him!我多么爱他啊！

1. What ______ it is! I have never eaten before.

delicious B. a delicious food ous food ous foods

【答案选C】译文：多么可口的食物啊！我以前从来没有吃过。

Food是不可数名词

2 _______ idea it is!

A. How a an an a

【答案选B】译文：多好的主意啊！

Idea 是单数可数名词

3.---_______ day it is !

---Let’s go out and enjoy the sunshine!

a lovely windy a rainy D. How wet

【答案选A】译文：--多好的天气！---咱们出去晒晒太阳吧！

Day是单数可数名词

4.________ long the bridge is ! Let me drive you over it.

a a

【答案选C】译文：多长的桥啊！我们出去兜风吧。

Long是形容词，表示“长的”。

5---________ important tool the computer is !

---I think so .

a an an

【答案选C】译文：计算机是多么有用的工具！---我也这么认为。

Tool 表示“工具”，是单数可数名词。而且important 是以元音[i]开头，所以，用an 而不是a.

主语从句的三个关键点

一． 主语从句的语序也应用陈述句语序。

When they will come back is a puzzle. 【正】

When will they come back is a puzzle.【误】

注意：所有从句都应用陈述句语序。另外，要养成以一个句子的整体为单位进行阅读和练习的习惯。

二. 主语从句常用it 作形式主语，构成“It is 形容词/名词 that 从句”，但也可接其他关联词语。比如关联词if, wether (是否)，who, whose, which, what,

how ,why, where, when 等。不要仅仅机械地使用that.

It was uncertain when they did it. 【正】

It was uncertain that when they did it.【误】

【例】：It is still under discussion________ the old bus station should be replaced with

a modern hotel or not.

A. whether B. when C. which D. where

【答案选A】it 为形式主语，代替discussion后的主语从句。从句中有or not.有个固定搭配是“whether…or not”，译文是“老汽车站是否要用现代的旅店来取而代之仍然还在讨论中。”

【例】：It never occurred to me_________ you could succeed in persuading him to

change his mind.

A. which B. what C. that D. if

【答案选C】“我真的没有想到你能说服他改变他的主意。”It occurs /occurred to

sb. that…是固定巨型，表示“突然想起……。”其中it 为形式主语，that 引导真正的主语从句。

三、 主语从句应是一个整体，谓语动词常用单数。

Why he made so many mistakes is not clear.【正】

Why he made so many mistakes are not clear.【误】

本句可改为：It is not clear why he made so many mistakes.

练习：

1._______ is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in

Beijing.

A. It B. What C. As D. Which

2. It worried her a bit ________ her hair was turning grey.

A. while B. that C. if D. for

3.________ we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.

A. It B. Whether C. That D. Where

4._______ caused the accident is still a complete mystery.

A. What B. That C. How D. Where

5.I read about it in some book or other, does it matter _____ it was?

A. where B. what C. how D. which

答案：BBBAD

解析：1.B 第二个is 前为主语从句，从句中没有主语，故选B。what 相当于the thing that .

2.B 前面的it为形式主语，真正的主语为后面的从句，从句意义完整，不缺成分，故选B。

3.B 前面为主语从句，从句中不缺成分。由后面“看天气情况”可知，是否去野营还没有定下来。

4.A is前面为主语从句，从句中缺少主语，故只能选A。

5.D 由前面的some book or other可知，此处应该是有一定范围的。故选which“哪个”，而非what(没有范围)。