2023年12月6日发(作者：俄罗斯求助中国遭拒绝)

HND Business with Human Resource Management: Graded Unit 2: Investigation

Candidate name: Gen Li

Student ID:

Tutor: Mr. Minggui Qu

Title of the project: Investigate one or two companies and discuss: what activities might be

included in the development of a new product for international (or national or any new)

market? Brief

1.1

1.2

Cisco and Golden Shield Project in China

The Project SMART Objectives

China has become one of the world’s largest consumers of telecommunications equipment.

There are many multinational corporations trying to get a share of the largest market in the

world. Thus, the lure of potential billions has attracted every major telecommunications

corporation, including US-based Lucent and Cisco, European wireless, etc.

Cisco system Inc. is an international company which designs and sells networking,

communications technology and services. It is one of the biggest technologic supporter and

telecommunications equipment providers which supplied the Chinese Government with

technology to complete the Golden Shield Project, in order to protect its national security and

control the public opinions.

1.3 The Investigation Issue

The Golden Shield Project is a censorship and surveillance project operated by the Ministry

of Public Security division of the communist Government of China. According to the

information on the conference Web site, the Gold Shield Project is focus on some special

fields of securities, such as, access Control, Anti-Hacker intrusion, Communication, E-commerce security, etc.

The success of the Golden Shield project depends on a wide range of advanced technologies.

The Chinese research is advancing rapidly in these areas, and other related fields. However,

they are still largely reliant on assistance from Western corporations, either by purchasing

components as turnkey solutions, or through technology transfer.

The Golden Shield surveillance network is intended to be able to ―see,‖ to ―hear‖. This

technology system can automatically monitor telephone conversations, searching for all key

words and phrases on the internet.

1.4 Reasons for The Choice of Issue

Cisco has been criticized for its involvement in the Golden Shield Project because this system

on some extent restricts the Chinese people’ freedom of speech and searching information. However, Cisco denied that it provided the Chinese Government with specialized filtering

facilities to block access to information, and they claimed the equipment sold in China are

same as the products sold in other countries. More than that, Cisco reckons it is hard for them

to give up such a huge market. Therefore, this essay aims to reveal the background and

development of Cisco Corporation and the Golden Shield Project.

1.5 Justification for Choice of Business

China, as a new emerging market, has attracted many multinational companies since 1980s.

The population of 1.3 billion and the growing economy provides the great business potential

to the foreign corporations. Cisco entered into the Chinese market in 1994 and it owns more

than 3000 staff currently, (Cisco China, 2009). In 2005, Cisco established its research centre

in China in order to strengthen the capability of customised products to meet the needs of the

Chinese market. Network in China has increased dramatically from 1990s and there are more

than 338 million broadband users by the mid-2009. (The Economist, 2009) Considering the

importance of Chinese market, John Chambers, the CEO of Cisco, visited China in 2007 and

announced US$16 billion will be invested in China over the next 3 to 5 years. (PC world,

2009) John Chambers emphasised that the importance and necessity for Cisco to strengthen

the cooperation with the Chinese Government. It is hard to deny that the great success of

Cisco’s strategy. Cisco Corporation has won multi-billion dollar contracts only from the

Chinese Government.

1.6 Explanation of The Sources of Information

●Questionaries

This survey follows the non-probability sample procedure, using the convenience sampling

technique. The survey’s population is defined as people within teenagers and young people

groups. The sampling units are those people between the ages of 15-35 year old. The

participants are selected from Beijing City within a time from October 9th to November 9th.

Besides, sample size is required at least 100 people to reduce the biases of the results. The

commenced procedure for obtaining responses for survey was to choose various locations in

Beijing, especially in the city.

●In-depth-Interview

The objectives are to obtain further information from those people who are well-educated and have full time jobs to obtain open ended response with indication of emotion behind answers.

Methodology with justification:

 A face to face unstructured personal interview

 Offered chance to obtain extended feedback

Limitations:

 Small sample not indication of population

 Interviewee not prepared to be entirely honest due to intimacy of interview situation.

●Internet

Today internet has become the most ever powerful tool for man throughout the world. The

internet is a collection of various services and resources. From CSICO website, all the

following information is available in multi-languages: company introduction, products and

services, solution, technical support, training and events, corporations and agencies, etc.

Other useful information can be obtained from search engine such as Google, Baidu, Sina.

●Search Engine

The indexes of search engines are usually vast, representing significant portions of the

Internet, offering a wide variety and quantity of information resources. Moreover, the

growing sophistication of search engine software enables us to precisely describe the

information that we seek.

Internet’s strengths and weaknesses are as followed:

Strengths

audience

Two-way communication

Link to self-directed entertainment

Fastest growing medium

Moderate cost

Relatively short lead time

1.7 The Methods

The information can be sourced by the following two ways:

Weaknesses

and return on investment

Poor image reproduction

Limited scheduling options

Not all consumers have access to

internet

Ability to reach a narrow target Difficult to measure ad effectiveness ● Secondary Information:

-Website

-Printing Material: Books, Issues, Magazines, newspaper

● Primary Information:

-Interview

1.8 Criteria

 Optimize business concept and create shareholder value

 Compelling Marketing strategy

 Build-up excellent management team vision, high motivation and decisiveness

 Thrive and readiness for stock market, trade sale or merger

 Innovative and sophisticated range of products

 Provable technological lead

Planning

Time table of Investigation

Time

10 October,2010

20 October,2010

25 October,2010

1.5 Criteria to be used

The report adopts SLEPT, PESTEL (SLEPT plus Economic factor) and SWOT analysis as

the criterions. There are many factors in the macro-environment that will affect the decisions

of the managers of any organisation. By using the SLEPT and PESTEL frameworks we can

analyse the many different factors in a firm's macro environment.

Conclusion

Place

University Campus

University Campus

Shopping mall

Activates

Site-survey

Gathering information, internet

Site-survey and in-depth interview,

internet

in-depth interview This investigation is focused on Cisco’s Golden Shield Project in China to identify the factors

influenced on the development of Chinese internet and human rights. All of the socio-cultural,

political, economic, environmental, legal, ethical and technological factors are analysed in

depth to some extent. The specific analysis will be conducted in the second part of the

project— the Analysis of Investigation.

References

1."Citizens of the People's Republic of China enjoy freedom of speech, of the press, of

assembly, of association, of procession and of demonstration

2. /article/businessNews/idUSPEK13

3. Media Control in China published in Chinese in 2004 by Human Rights in China, New

York. Revised edition 2006 published by Liming Cultural Enterprises of Taiwan.

4. The Hijacked Potential of China's Internet, English translation of a chapter in the 2006

revised edition of Media Control in China published in Chinese by Liming Enterprises of

Taiwan in 2006.

5. /world/asia/?story_id=5389362

6Poulsen,P&2005,Critics Squeeze Cisco Over China‖ Infowarrior

/infowarrior@/

accessed 10/10/2010

7 China forced to face its critics over internet censorship 2007, ,

/articles/. acessed 20/09/2010

8. of Reprsentatives, Committee on international relations

/packages/pdf/business/ accessed 22/09/2009

9 Cisco saw opportunity in “Golden Shield” to help fight criminals and dissident 2008,

Rebecca MacKunnon’s ongoing conversation with world wide web,

/rconversation/2008/05/cessed

29/09/2009

Appendix 1 Questionnaire

Cisco and Golden shield project

Please select the most appropriate answer.

1 What is your age group?

A 15 or below 15 years

B16-24 years

C 25-40 years

D 41-55 years

E 56 or over 56 years

2. What is your gender (optional)?

A Female B Male

3. The one who is the regular computer user in my household is ----

4. What is your job category?

A Government-related job

B Business-related job

C IT people

D Student

E Others

5. Do you know about the followings?

A I know CISCO but Golden Shield Project

B I know Golden Shield Project but CISCO

C I know CISCO and Golden Shield Project

D I know neither CISCO nor Golden Shield Project If you answered D at question 3, the questionnaire ends here.

Thank you for your cooperation.

6. When did you first know Golden Shield Project?

A 5 years ago

B between 5 and 1 year ago

C within 1 year

D Recently

E Now

7. Where did you get information about Golden Shield Project?

A. newspaper

B. TV ads

C. internet

D. magazine

E. friends

F. parents

G. outdoor ads

H. poster

I. Yellow pages

J. Radio

8. Do you know Golden Shield Project is under both CISCO and Chinese government?

A Yes

B No

C I don’t care

9. I can mention a couple of features of Golden Shield Project.

A totally agree

B agree

C neutral

D disagree

E totally disagree

10. The first thing that comes to mind when I think about Golden Shield Project is. ..

11. To what extent does Golden Shield Project best represents hold your attention?

A strongly

B a little

C barely

D not

E don’t know / cannot say

12. I think CISCO and Chinese government did well on Golden Shield Project A totally agree

B agree

C neutral

D disagree

E totally disagree

13. I think Golden Shield Project effectively resolved network-related crime, and guarantees

the security of network.

A totally agree

B agree

C neutral

D disagree

E totally disagree

Please circle one or more answers

14 Which group do you think Golden Shield Project represents the interests of?

A Government

B CISCO Company

C America

D Users

1(most negative) to 10 (most positive), to what extent you believe Golden Shield

Project provide you the information you want?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

16. I totally trust the searched information ―shielded‖ by Golden Shield Project.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

17. I think Golden Shield Project provides me little information when I do in-depth research.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

18. I think Chinese government overrides CISCO in the Project.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

19. I would like to score Golden Shield Project at: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

20. Suggestions on the issues related to Golden Shield Project.

Thanks again for your patience, and please leave your email address if you need feedback or

statistic outcome of this questionnaire.

Email:

Appendix 2

Appendix 3

In-Depth Interview

To further discuss Golden Shield Project, I develop the second part of interview – known as

in-depth interview with open question to gather the thoughts from interviewees.

Q 1: What is your experience when you are involved into Golden Shield Project in your life?

A: The most significant feature is that not every website I can log onto, such as YouTube,

Wikipedia, some foreign news website, social website and free web hosting that emphasize

the freedom of speech. Also, the BBC website but not the Chinese version BBC website. The

blocking behaviour delivered by the Project made me to get used to the new internet

censorship.

Q 2: Before we discuss the censorship, what other aspects rather than ―blocking‖ you could

think of Golden Shield Project? A: I think, from SISCO’s point of view, the ―blocking‖ thing is one minor function of Golden

Shield Project, but it has been exaggerated. Well, I think the Project may have a broader

range of services and program including data management system, communication

management, etc. It should be an integrated system rather than merely a mechanism to censor

and monitor the internet-based activities.

Q 3: What do you think regarding the opinion that CISCO sold special censorship router to

China in the Project?

A: I am not sure about that. But what I may say would be that no one knows whether the

routers sold by CISCO were customized to adapt Chinese requirement of censorship. There is

a possibility that, based on the fact that the most of the communication equipment were

supplied to provincial and municipal public security bureaus, the focus on the routers appear

to be for police communication but publicly distributed. One CISCO employee unveiled a

thing in the conversation with Gutmann that some routers were specially made for Chinese

internet censorship.

Q 4: When you say ―police communication‖, can you say it in a more detailed way?

A: Sure. Er, what I may want to point out is that in the whole range of opportunities of

Golden Shield Project, Chinese government may pay attention to the national security

through collecting information to upgrade police communication, surveillance and censorship

system to complete the control. From my view, the Project seems to enforce relevant law and

establish the confidence of the government taking control of the public internet, and little

privacy maybe left.

Q 5: After you mention ―privacy‖, what would you say the Project in relate to human rights.

A: In US, having personal information through internet against law, but I may say different

country has different decision-making process and definition. I think in this Project, neither

government nor CISCO gave us a clear answer whether the Project intruded or ―illigally‖

gathers internet users’ information. In some countries, no one or institution is allowed to dell

personal information to police force, and it triggers the point of the bottom line of feeling

―cyber safe‖. I think, to set human right standards when operating business is important, and

Microsoft, Google and Yahoo have done that; whilst CISCO failed to deliver the fairness,

transparent and psychologically safe digital world.

Q 6: What other do you want to add?

A: Er, Golden Shield Project is a part of enforcing political power in China but controversial

in Western Countries. I think it may be a good project for China at its current development stage, but some question marks left by CISCO and Chinese government have not been

answered yet.