2024年4月28日发(作者：)

任务型阅读

2019

五、任务型阅读（共10空；每空1分，计10分）

阅读下面短文，根据短文中的信息完成文后表格。在答题卡标有题号的横线上，写成空缺处所填单词

的正确形式。（每空一词）

Nowadays, many people in China and Japan are racing against time. They put a lot of value in “being on time”.

However, in some countries of the world, people have different opinions on “being on time”.

Germany

Thanks to its industrial past, in Germany you are expected to arrive at least ten minutes earlier for any planned

meeting.

In Germany, being on time is risky enough because your hosts will probably already be there waiting,

wondering how on earth you could be so stupid. What will you do if anything unexpected happens, like heavy

traffic or a sudden rain? So remember to arrive early in Germany.

Saudi Arabia

Some countries care little about time and Saudi Arabia is one of them. It’s because of their long history of

desert living where time is not the first thing to think about. It could be that it’s too hot to do anything on time.

So don’t expect them to be on time. Moreover, looking at your watch during an event is even considered as

bad manners. So don’t get angry with them, either.

Ghana

Most meeting times can be changed, even if an exact time is given, Ghanaians are very relaxed and easygoing.

They think that if everyone is late, then no one is late. After all, what can’t be done today can get done

tomorrow. If you find it difficult to deal with, prepare to be unhappy. Otherwise, sit back enjoy the ride.

Russia

Patience is considered a very important quality in Russian culture but being on time is not. When doing

business in Russia, do be on time. Otherwise, it will be considered disrespectful. But Russians won’t hold

themselves to the same standard. So, again, patience can be key.

How differently people ______56_______ “being on time” in different countries

________57________

China and Japan

Germany

Different opinions on “being on time”

●Both Chinese and Japanese think it________58______to be on time.

●_______59________expect you to arrive early for any planned meeting

because of the influence of their industrial past.

●You are thought to be stupid _____60_______you arrive at least ten

minutes earlier.

Saudi Arabia ●Time is not the_______61________thing for people living in the desert

to consider.

●Looking at your watch during an event is considered to

be_________62_______

Ghana ●Ghanaians think that if everyone is late, then_______63______ is late.

●Most meeting times can be changed. You might be unhappy if you can’t

accept it.

Russia ●Be patient in Russia because it’s very important quality in its

_______64_______.

●While doing business in Russia, you should be on time, though

Russians are not strict with_______65______ in it.

答案：

/ consider 57. Countries le 59. Germans 60. unless

/ impolite e lves

解析：

/ consider 根据文中第一段第三句的have different opinions转换得

57. Countries 根据表格第一列都是各国家名可得答案country，注意首字母大写

le根据文中第一段第二句的value转换可得

59. Germans根据文中第二段的in Germany可得

60. unless根据文中第三段第一句句意可得

根据文中第四段第二句可得

te或rude根据文中第四段倒数第二句bad manners可得

根据文中第五段第二句no one转换可得

e 根据最后一段第一句可得

lves根据最后一段倒数第二句可得

2018

五、任务型阅读(共10空;每空1分,计10分)

阅读下面短文，根据短文中的信息完成文后表格。在答题卡标有题号的横线上，写出空缺处所填

单词的正确形式。(每空一词)

Beyond its influence on health, not getting enough sleep can lead to car accidents or other mistakes. Here

are what sleep researchers have found about how to sleep.

How much sleep do we actually need?

It is known that all of us naturally need no less than eight hours of sleep per night. When we sleep below

six hours per 24. we're at an increased risk of health problems. Some of us think we can make up any of those

hours lost during the week on the weekends. Sadly there is no storage system for sleep in the brain.

Can we train ourselves to need less sleep?

As a study in 1964, a 17-year-old boy named Randy Gardner stayed awake for 264 hours. How many

people could do anything close to that without dying?

When you are reading this, you might say you usually get six hours of sleep and feel just fine. Sleep

experts often compare people without enough sleep to drunk drivers: They don’t get behind the wheel thinking

they're probably going to kill someone.

Can we drink coffee instead of sleeping?

Coffee can keep us awake. Remember, too much coffee may throw off our sleep and energy cycles. So

limit coffee and avoid caffeine for four to six hours before bedtime.

Does a sense of purpose connect to sleep quality?

A new research suggests a kind of strong connection between purpose in life and sleep. People who have

a greater sense of purpose usually have better physical and mental health, which in turn explains their

higher-quality sleep. Perhaps developing a sense of purpose in life could be as useful at improving sleep as the

healthy habits above.

How to sleep

Introduction

Findings

57

researchers

Not getting enough sleep can influence our health and 56 many mistakes.

from How much sleep do

●Eight hours of sleep a night is 58 for all of us.

we actually need?

●Sleeping less than six hours a day can 59

the risk of health problems.

●It is 60 to make up the lost sleeping hours

during the workweek.

Can we train

●People without enough sleep would insist that they

ourselves to need were 61 , but weren't doing well at all.

less sleep?

Can we drink coffee

●Using coffee instead of sleeping might lead to sleep

instead of sleeping? 62 .

●Drink proper amount of coffee at proper 63 .

Does a sense of

●A sense of purpose in life is closely 64

purpose connect to with sleep quality.

sleep quality?

●People with a greater sense of purpose may sleep

65 .

【分析】本篇文章介绍了睡眠对人很重要，没有足够的睡眠会导致车祸或其他错误．人们

至少一天保证八小时睡眠，通过训练或者喝咖啡都不能保证我们的健康，研究表明生活目

标和睡眠之间有着强烈的联系．

【解答】

56．cause； 考查动词；根据语境

"Beyond its influence on health， not getting enough sleep can lead to car accidents or other

mistakes．除了对健康的影响之外，没有足够的睡眠会导致车祸或其他错

误． lead to mistakes可以理解为cause mistakes，can 是情态动词，后面加动词原形，故

答案是cause．

56． sleep；考查名词；根据语境

"Here are what sleep researchers have found about how to sleep以下是睡眠研究者发现睡眠

的方法，故答案是 sleep．

58．necessary；考查形容词；根据语境

"It is known that all of us naturally need no less than eight hours of sleep per night众所周知，

我们每个人自然每晚需要不少于八小时的睡眠．因此八个小时睡眠是必须的，故答案是

necessary．

59．increase；考查动词；根据语境

"When we sleep below six hours per 24． we're at an increased risk of health problems．当我

们每24小时睡眠不足六小时时，我们的健康问题就会增

加． at an increased risk of health problems可以理解为 increase the risk of ，can 是情态

动词，后面加动词原形．故答案是increase．

60．impossible；考查形容词；根据语境

"Some of us think we can make up any of those hours lost during the week on the weekends．

Sadly there is no storage system for sleep in the brain我们中的一些人认为我们可以弥补周

末一周中失去的任何时间．遗憾的是，大脑中没有睡眠系统．故周末补觉是不可能的，故

答案是impossible．

61． fine；考查形容词；根据语境

"When you are reading this， you might say you usually get six hours of sleep and feel just fi

ne当你阅读这篇文章时，你可能会说你通常会睡六个小时，感觉很好．故答案是fine．

62．problems；考查名词；根据语境

"Remember， too much coffee may throw off our sleep and energy cycles记住，太多的咖啡