2024年4月27日发(作者：)

能进行自我修复的轮胎

轮胎一旦扎了或者磨坏了通常意味着

一件事：你得买新的了。但或许未来某天不

一定非这样。-自充气轮胎发明以来，制造

轮胎必须经过硫化定型。但最近科学家们做

出了一种史无前例的橡胶-这种橡胶可以不

经过硫化直接成胎。这种人工生成的材料

（橡胶）能自我愈合，并且很有可能能承担

起车辆长时间行驶过程中的压力。他们的报

告登在了

ACS Applied Materials &

Interfaces. 期刊上。

硫化是向橡胶里添加硫或其他固化剂，

从而让轮胎的耐用性增加但同时不影响轮

胎的弹性。但一旦一块“周游世界”的玻璃

或其他尖利物体将轮胎捅破，这条轮胎即使

修补也不能长期使用了。研究人员正在实验

室里研究能自我愈合的轮胎。但这些雏形的

轮胎可能长时间并不稳定（也就是说耐用性

差）。Amit Das （主要研究人）和他的同

事想要向我们强调这点缺点。

研究人员通过一个新的简单的过程，让

橡胶不经过硫化，而是用化学改性的方法

就能在保持耐用性、弹性的前提下获得自我

修复的能力。实验显示，室温下一块捅破的

橡胶，经过一段时间后伤口能自我愈合。这

一性质能用在轮胎上，如果行驶中扎破轮

胎，可以用车停在停车场的那段时间愈合。

在八天后，轮胎就能承受大约754磅/平方

英寸（PSI）的压力（大约52bar）。如果把

轮胎加热到100℃保持10分钟，能加速轮胎

自愈合过程。研究人员说，如需进一步加强

轮胎强度，可以添加助剂，如二氧化硅或炭

黑。

更多相关信息请看

/news/2015-09-toward-tires-tha

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原文：

Toward tires that repair

themselves

September 23, 2015

A cut or torn tire usually means

one thing—you have to buy a new

one. But some day, that could

change. For the first time, scientists

have made tire-grade rubber

without the processing

step—vulcanization—that has been

essential to inflatable tires since

their invention. The resulting

material heals itself and could

potentially withstand the long-term

pressures of driving. Their report

appears in the journal ACS Applied

Materials & Interfaces.

Vulcanization involves adding

sulfur or other curatives to

make rubber more durable while

maintaining its elasticity. But once

an errant piece of glass or other

sharp object pierces a tire, it can't be

patched for long-term use.

Researchers are beginning to

develop self-healing rubber in the

laboratory, but these prototypes

might not be stable over time either.

Amit Das and colleagues wanted to

address that shortcoming.

Using a new simple process that

avoids vulcanization altogether, the

researchers chemically modified

commercial rubber into a durable,

elastic material that can fix itself

over time. Testing showed that a cut

in the material healed at room

temperature, a property that could

allow a tire to mend itself while

parked. And after 8 days, the rubber

could withstand a stress of 754

pounds per square inch. Heating it

to 212 degrees Fahrenheit for the

first 10 minutes accelerated the

repair process. The researchers say

their product could be further

strengthened by adding reinforcing

agents such as silica or carbon

black.

More information: Ionic

Modification Turns Commercial

Rubber into a Self-Healing Material,

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2015,

7 (37), pp 20623–20630 DOI:

10.1021/acsami.5b05041