2024年4月27日发(作者：)

大学英语三级A级分类模拟题251

(总分30,考试时间90分钟)

Reading Comprehension

1

As the supplier of most of the food we eat and of raw materials for many industrial processes,

agriculture is clearly an important area of the economy. But the industrial performance of

agriculture is even more important than this. For in nations where the productivity of farmers is

low, most of the working population is needed to raise food and few people are available for

production of investment goods or for other activities required for economic growth. Indeed, one

of the factors related most closely to the per capita income (人均收入) of a nation is the fraction

of its population engaged in farming. In the poorest nations of the world, more than half of the

population lives on farms. **pares sharply with less than 10% in Western Europe and less than 4%

in the United States.

In short, the course of economic development in general depends in a fundamental way on the

performance of farmers. This performance, in turn, depends on how agriculture is organized and

on the economic environment, or market structure, within which it functions. In the following

pages the performance of American agriculture is examined. It is appropriate to begin with a

consideration of its market structure.

1. What is the most important to agriculture is ______.

A. the amount of food it produces

B. the per capita income of farmers

C. the industrial performance

D. the production of investment goods

2. This passage is most probably ______.

A. a news item

B. part of an introduction of a book

C. part of a lecture

D. an advertisement

3. The word "this" (Line 3, Para. 1) refers to ______.

A. the provision of food and raw materials

B. the productivity of farmers

C. the production of investment goods

D. the economy as a whole

4. The performance of farmers essentially determines ______.

A. the size of the working population

B. the organization of agriculture

C. the market structure

D. the general development of economy

5. This passage will most probably be followed by a discussion of ______.

A. the structure of American farming population

B. the market structure of American agriculture

C. the various functions of American agriculture

D. the organization of American agriculture

2

Some people argue thatself-plagiarism(自我剽窃) is impossible by definition because plagiarism

is theft and people cannot steal from their own work. But, this is not correct in law. And there are

circumstances, such as insurancefraud(保险欺), etc., when it is possible to steal from oneself.

Self-plagiarism, however, must be carefully distinguished from the recycling of one"s work that to

a greater or lesser extent everyone legally does. Self-plagiarism inacademic(学术的) publications

is a gray area. However, many universities indirectly recognize the practice as deceptive. They

publish rules preventing students from handing in basically the same essay for credit in different

courses. There are also rules against someone handing in the same graduate thesis to different

universities. Among established academics, self-plagiarism is a problem. It means basically the

same article or book is handed in on more than one occasion for salary raising or promotion.

Like all plagiarism the essence of self-plagiarism is the author" attempts to cheat the reader. This

happens when no indication is given that the work is being recycled or when an effort is made to

disguise the original text. For example, an author just makes cosmetic changes to make the same

article, chapter, or book look different. But actually it remains unchanged in its central argument.

In this case, disguising a text occurs. Authors change such things as paragraph breaks,

capitalization, or the substitution of technical terms in different languages. What he has done is to

make readers believe they are reading **pletely new. This practice is self-plagiarism.

1. In the second sentence of the first paragraph, "this" refers to ______.

A. all the activities about plagiarism

B. the activities of self-plagiarism

C. the argument for the impossibility of self-plagiarism

D. the argument for the possibility of self-plagiarism

2. Which of the following is NOT true about self-plagiarism in academic publications?

A. It is impossible when one recycles his / her work at such extent as everyone legally does.

B. It is a clearly defined area especially in universities.

C. Handing in the essentially same essay for credit in different courses belongs to it.

D. Many universities are strongly opposed to it.

3. According to the passage, ______ is the essence of self-plagiarism.

A. the writer"s pursuit for money or promotion

B. the writer"s laziness at his / her work