2024年4月26日发(作者：)

Lesson 3 Please send me a card

阅读理解

1. Where did he spend his holiday last summer?

He spent his holiday in Italy.

2. Did he write any postcards or not?

No, he didn’t.

单词详解

v. 寄，送 (sent – sent)

结构：send sb. sth. = send sth. to sb.

翻译：send a letter to Mary 给Mary寄信 = send Mary a letter

(教学说明：双宾语初级反复模仿阶段，老师可以先不“语法化”

【学生版不出现】)

2. postcard n. 明信片

3. spoil v. 使索然无味，损坏 (spoiled / spoilt – spoiled / spoilt)

翻译：这个坏天气毁掉了我的假日。

The bad weather spoiled my holiday.

炸弹损坏了所有的车辆。

The bomb destroyed all the cars.

区别：spoil 损坏抽象事物；destroy损坏具体事物

一词多义：The parents always spoil their child. 宠坏

4. museum n. 博物馆

翻译：中华艺术宫 China Art Museum

5. public adj. 公众的，公开的 (open or known to people【学生版

不出现】)

反义词：private

6. friendly adj. 友好的

翻译：The students are very friendly with each other. 对……很友好

-ly结尾的大多数是副词，少数为形容词。

e.g. lovely 可爱的

motherly adj. 母亲般的 a motherly teacher

manly adj. 有男子汉气概的

【思考1】

带post的词还有哪些？

postcode邮编，postbox邮箱，

postmark邮戳postman邮递员

【趣味知识】

你知道《蒙娜丽莎的微笑》存

放在哪个博物馆里吗？

Louvre Museum卢浮宫

【思考2】

请结合以-ly结尾的副词和形容

词，找出其中的规律：

adj.+ ly = adv.；n.+ ly = adj.

7. waiter n. 服务员，招待员

waitress 女服务生

8. lend v. 借给 (lent – lent)

结构：lend sb. sth.= lend sth. to sb. 借给某人某物

e.g. Can you lend five dollars to me ? I will pay you back tomorrow.

= Can you lend me five dollars?

反义词：borrow 借进

结构：borrow sth. from sb.

口译：I borrowed a book from the library last month and I want to

renew it tomorrow.

9. decision n. 决定

结构：make a decision to do 做出决定去做某事 = decide to do

e.g. It’s hard to make a decision to leave.

词组：decision-maker 做决定的人，决策者

10. whole adj. 整个的

词组：the whole world 全世界

11. single adj. 唯一的，单一的 (only one)

与a / one / every相连，表示强调

翻译：She took every single piece of furniture out of the room.

每一件家具

扩展：single-parent family 单亲家庭

single-minded 专心的

课文解析

1. Postcards always spoil my holidays.

 语法：spoil时态为一般现在时，表示习惯性动作

2. Last summer, I went to Italy. I visited museums and sat in

public gardens.

 单词：went / visited / sat时态为一般过去时（详见语法重点）

 单词：Italy n. 意大利

Italian adj. 意大利的；意大利语（注意发音）

3. A friendly waiter taught me a few words of Italian. Then he lent

【思考3】

总结：-ess表示“女，女性”；

还有类似的组合吗？

actor-actress / prince-princess/

tiger-tigress / god-goddess

me a book. I read a few lines, but I did not understand a word.

 双宾语：teach me a few words of Italian（详见语法重点）

= teach a few words of Italian to me

lend me a book = lend a book to me

 a few + 可数名词，类似的还有：some / many / a number of

a little+ 不可数名词，类似的还有：some / much / a great deal of

 句式：not … a 表示强调

翻译：他在派对上一个字都没说。

He did not say a (single) word at the party.

4. Every day I thought about postcards. My holidays passed

quickly, but I did not send cards to my friends.

 词组：think about 考虑

think of 想到

think over 反复考虑

翻译：我想到一个好主意。I thought of a good idea.

Think it over before you do it. 三思而后行。

 单词：pass在这里指时间流逝

5. On the last day I made a big decision. I got up early and bought

thirty-seven cards. I spent the whole day in my room, but I did

not write a single card!

 词组：make a big decision = make an important decision 做出重

大决定

 单词：spend 花费（时间、金钱）

结构：spend time / money on + 名词

spend time / money (in) doing sth.

翻译：我花了三万美元买这幅画。

I spent 30,000 dollars on the painting.

I spent 30,000 dollars (in) buying the painting.

语法重点

 双宾语

e.g. I give you a book.= I give a book to you.

主语 + 谓语（及物动词）+ 间接宾语 + 直接宾语

= 主语 + 谓语（及物动词）+ 直接宾语 + 介词 + 间接宾语

第一类动词：

【复习】

I did not understand a word的同

义句是什么？

I understood no word.

【思考4】

除spend之外还有哪些词表示

花费？

pay, cost, take

post

sell

take

feed

offer

teach

give

邮给……

卖

拿，取

喂

提供

教

给……

show

send

bring

read

pass

hand

tell

给……看

寄出，派遣

带……给某人

读

递给

交给……

告诉

return

write

throw

promise

refuse

lend

owe

把……还给

给……写信

扔

答应

拒绝

借给

欠……

结构：v.+ sb.+ sth. = v. + sth. to + sb.

第二类动词：

cook

pick

save

leave

结构：v.+ sb.+ sth. = v. + sth. for + sb.

(教学说明：老师可让学生PK，在规定时间内写出尽可能多的动词英文或中文获胜，也可让学生

将这些动词串联成故事。【学生版不出现】)

 一般过去时的用法复习：

1. 在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。

时间状语有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982, just now等。

Where did you go just now?

2. 表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。

When I was a child, I often played football in the street.

3. 没有明确时间状语，表示过去。

I thought there was no one here.

EX. 判断对错并改正：

e.g. The boy ran a mile yesterday.

否定句：The boy doesn’t run a mile yesterday. (×)

一般疑问句：Was the boy ran a mile yesterday? (×)

划线提问：When did the boy ran a mile yesterday? (×)

【Challenge yourself!】

烹调

捡起

为……节约

留下，剩下

buy

get

order

fetch

买

得到

为……订购

为……取来

choose

find

make

选择

为……找到

生产，制造

【Easy】Write the correct form of the given word.

1. – I hear that Jane has gone to the Holy Island for her holiday.

– Oh, how nice! Do you know when she left (leave)?

【Medium】Choose the correct answer.

( C ) 2. In 1834, a tsunami（海啸）______ the town.

A. spoiled B. damaged C. destroyed D. hurt

( C ) 3. _____ people called to ask about her death.

A. A great many of B. A large number C. A great many

【Hard】Translate each sentence in two different ways.

4. Bonnie每年都会在我生日时为我画一幅画。(draw)

Bonnie draws me a picture on my birthday every year.

Bonnie draws a picture for me on my birthday every year.

5. 他一整天都在办公室里工作。(spend)

He spent the whole day (in) working in his office.

He spent the whole day on work in his office.

D. Large number of