2024年4月23日发(作者：)

全新版大学英语〔第二版〕综合教程3Unit3一课一练

Book 3 Unit 3 Vocabulary

1. The red words ___against the white wall.

A. stand by准备，站到旁边 for代表，象征 out突出，

显眼 back退后，往后站 解析：红色的字在白色的墙上显得突出。

2. Since the 1970s this small town has gradually been ___into a huge

modern city. A. transferred职位调任 B. transplanted移植〔器官〕 B.

transmitted 转换 D. transformed转变

解析：从上世纪70年代开始，这个小镇逐渐转变成了一个巨大的现代化城市。

3. The poorly-paid civil servants are ___to bribery. A. vulnerable易

受伤害的，易受攻击的，脆弱的 B. sensitive敏感的，敏锐的 C. subjected

受...支配，经受

D. susceptible敏感的，感情丰富的，可以...的 解析：那些收入较低的公

务员容易受到贿赂

4. Influenced by the financial crisis export has dropped by a large

___since last year. A. gap缺口，间隙，分歧，空白 B. difference差异不

同

B. balance平衡，均势，身体，钱 空白，差额，边缘，幅度 解析：

受金融危机的影响，出口量自去年以来大幅下降

5. When children are criticized by their teacher parents often see it

as a reflection ___themselves.

解析：当孩子们受到老师的批评时，父母常常把它看作是对自己的一种反思。

6. Hearing the news I was ___in enormous joy.

A. buried专心致志的 ed沉浸于...，放任，参加 被...

覆盖，沐浴着... ed 全神贯注于.... 解析：听到这个消息，我沉浸在

巨大的喜悦之中。 7. She endured the hardships without ___a complaint.

A. as much as〔肯定句〕 much as 否认句或一般疑问句 many as

〔肯定句〕 many as否认句或一般疑问句 解析：她忍受着苦难，连一点

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抱怨都没有。 as many as+可数=so many as+可数 as much as +不可数=so much

as +可数 8. The firm moved to its new ___in 1997. A. sites地点，位置，

现场 地方 es地址 ons位置

区别：site指建筑物的地点，场地，物体上的区，部位

places指特定用途或事情发生的地点，场所，城镇，建筑物，地方 premises(企

业的)房屋建筑及附属场地，营业场所 location 指事情发生或存在的地方，地

点和位置 解析：该公司在1997年搬到新址。

9. The discrimination against women was __system from the very beginning.

into建造，建立 up 创立，增强 on 依靠，以...为

根底 over盖满

解析：对妇女的歧视从一开始就建立在制度上。

10. The commander ordered his troops to___ on the enemies. A. close up

愈合，靠近，关闭 down关闭，停止播音 off封锁，隔绝，结

账 in包围，迫近 解析：司令员命令他的部队向敌人逼近。 11. This

film ___two of my favorite actors.

es 特点，特写，以…为主角 以..为特色 说明，展示，指，

引导 lizes专攻，专门研究

ies详述，明确规定，具体说明，指定 解析：这部电影以我最喜欢

的两个演员为主角。

12. ____delicious food she is determined to become a gourmet. A. Hooked

up to连接到 off 卸开

on挽住手臂，迷上 in拉拢，以钩钓住 解析：她迷上了

美味的食物，决定成为一名美食家。

13. His father ___a fence around the garden to protect the flowers inside.

A. put into使进入，把...放进 up提供，建造，举起，提名，搭起

off 推迟，扔掉，阻止 down镇压，记下，贬低，制止 解析：他的父亲

在花园四周筑起篱笆，保护里面的花。

14. The students found it easy to ___what the young professor taught.

to喜欢，开始从事 on 承当，呈现，开始雇佣 off起飞，

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脱下，匆匆离开 in欺骗，吸收，接纳 解析：学生们发现很容易理解这

位年轻教授所教的东西。 15. ____are that he will not show up at the board

meeting. A. Opportunities时机 ilities可能性

B. Chances 可能性，机遇，碰巧 D. Occasions时刻，场合，原因

区别:opportunity表示机遇〔强调好时机〕，既可做可数名游客做不可数名；

chance，表示时机，可能性〔强调偶然性〕

解析：很可能他不会出席董事会会议。

Grammar

1. Yesterday the salesclerk caught two boys ___two packs of cigarettes

from the convenience store. A. steal stead ng

解析：男孩与偷是主动关系，应用V+ing表主动。

句意：昨天店员抓住了从便利商店偷了两包烟的两个男孩。

2. He claims to be an expert in astronomy but in actual fact he is quite

ignorant on the subject.___he knows about it is out of date and inaccurate.

A. So much这么多 much有多少 little如此之少 little

解析：___he know about it 考察名词性从句，由what引导，而且根据意思

选little

句意：他声称自己是天文学专家，但实际上他对这个问题一无所知。他所知道

的那一点儿是过时的，不准确的。

3. Although___instant critical acclaim in 1952he never completed a

second novel publishing many short works instead.

A. first received by Ralph Ellisonthe novel Invisible Man was B. Ralph

Ellison’s first novelInvisible Man received

C. Invisible Man was the first novel by Ralph Ellison received D. Ralph

Ellison’s first novelInvisible Man was received 句意：尽管拉尔夫·埃

里森的第一部小说《隐形人》在1952年获得了评论界的好评，但他从未完成第

二部小说，而是出版了许多短篇小说。

4. Most doctor of the Colonial period believed ___was caused by an

imbalance of humors in the body.

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A. that disease disease disease disease 解析：此处

believe+that引导的宾语从句

句意：大多数殖民时期的医生认为疾病是由体液不平衡引起的。

5. My father closed all the doors before he left the house ___that it

might rain. A. so that 因此 以免 fear以免 除非

解析:lest(conj.)所连接的状语从句常用should或动词原形，for fear that+

主语+〔should/could/might〕+动词原形 是一种虚拟用法 句意：我父亲在出门

之前关了所有的门以防下雨。

6. A few species of mushrooms cause death or serious illness __. A.

having eaten eaten eaten eaten

句意：一些种类的蘑菇在吃的时候会导致死亡或严重的疾病

7. Although a teenagerJohnny could resist__what to do and what not to

do. told been told be told have been told 解

析：resist+doing sth.

句意：虽然一个十几岁的孩子，翰尼可以拒绝被告知该做什么和不该做什么。

8. ___places on the Earth where plant and animals life has not been

affected by the activities of humans

A. Few are few few few 解析：缺少主语，用there

be 句型引导。

句意：地球上很少有植物和动物的生活没有受到人类活动影响的地方。 9. It

is necessary that he __project by the end of next week. es

ed finish

解析：it is+adj.+that从句是虚拟用法，句型it is +adj.+that +(should)

动词原形 句意：他必须在下周末之前完成这个工程。 10. It is no good ___for

what has already happened. ted regret ting

解析：it is+n.(no goodno usea waste of time)+doing sth./that 句意：

对已经发生的事感到遗憾是没有好处的。

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tors on ships and aircraft use a compass to determine ___they

are heading. where the direction direction of which

the direction direction in which 解析：考察定语从句的连接词。

句意：船舶和飞机上的导航器使用指南针来确定它们前进的方向。

12. The city of KalamazooMichiganderives its name from a native American

word___‘bubbling springs’.

A. meant is meant g meaning

解析：句子成分完整，空格应填非谓语且表主动，故用meaning

句意：密歇根卡拉马祖的城市它的名字来自一个美国外乡词义“泡泡温泉〞。

13. Many English___were opposed to the American Revolution of 1776 moved

to Canadawhere they were know as United Empire Loyalists. A. settling

there rs who settled were settles

解析：分开看，many English settlers/ 许多英国殖民者/他们，

这是一个定语从句。 句意：许多反对1776年美国革命的英国殖民者移居加拿大，

他们被认为是联合帝国的忠实拥护者。

14. Perhaps even more important than the accuracy and reliability of

a meteorological instrument___. its correct position

positioning it is correct positioned correctly that it be

positioned correctly

解析：前面整体是主语局部，所以需要个谓语和表语，D答案符合了that引

导表语从句。题干缺主谓，that代指meteorological instrument且应用被动

语态。

句意：也许比气象仪器的准确性和可靠性更重要的是它的定位正确。 15. He

doesn’t want to stay at home ___go to the movie theatre. A. more than

多于，超出 less than远小于

more than至多，仅仅 less than不少于，多达

解析： any more than(同no more than)不过，仅仅，同样....不，

比拟级混合 句意：他不想呆在家里，而宁愿去电影院。 他宁愿去电影院也不愿

呆在家里。

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