2024年4月23日发(作者：)

Text

Our dog

，

Rex

，

used to sit outside our front gate and dark. Every time he wanted to come into the garden he

would bark until someone opened the gate. As the neighbours complained of the noise

，

my husband spent weeks

training him to press his paw on the latch to let himself in. Rex soon became an expert at opening the gate.

However

，

when I was going out shopping last week

，

I noticed him in the garden near the gate. This time he

was barking so that someone would let him out

！

Since then

，

he has developed another bad habit. As soon as

he opens the gate from the outside

，

he comes into the garden and waits until the gate shuts. Then he sits and

barks until someone lets him out. After this he immediately lets himself in and begins barking again. Yesterday my

husband removed the gate and Rex got so annoyed we have not seen him since.

Our dog,Rex, used to sit outside our front gate and back.

used to do

过去常常做某事，常和现在状况形成对比

prep

在外面

outside

outside our front gate, our front gate做介词outside的宾语

prep

在里面

inside

inside the gate 在大门里面

adj/adv/n

outside/inside

极小的机会，极小的可能性 （outside在这里做adj,极小的)

an outside chance

请在外面等候。（outside在这里做地点adv)

Please wait outside .

the outside of the house

房子的外面（outside有冠词the修饰，在这里做n)

outsidern

局外人，生人

insidern

内部的人，知情人

insider dealing/ insider trading 内幕交易

Every time he wanted to come into the garden he would bark until someone opend the gate.

would和every time 相搭配

would do 表示过去某一段时间经常发生的动作（通常不很规律）

conj

直到…（主句中的动词为延续性动词）

until

直到…才（主句中的动词常为非延续性动词）

not…until

We`ll stay at home until the rain stops. 我们会在家一直待到雨停为止。（主句中stay是个延续性动词）

We won`t start until the rain stops. 直到雨停止我们才会出发。（主句中start是个非延续性动词）

As the neighbours compained of the noise, my husband spent weeks training him to press his paw on the latch to

let himself in.

complain of 抱怨；病人对医生诉说病痛

complain (to sb) about (sth) 抱怨

He began to complain about the wicked world. 他开始抱怨这个邪恶的世界。

spend …in doing…花费（时间，金钱）做某事

They spent 3 hours in unloading the goods. 他们花了3个钟头的时间卸货。

let sb in 让某人进来

let sb out 让某人出去

Don`t let any stranger in when you are alone at home . 当你自己一个人在家时不要让任何的陌生人进来。

Rex soon become an expert at opening the gate.

an expert at doing sth 做某事的专家

However, when I going out shopping last week, I noticed him in the garden near the gate.

go out shopping 出去购物

go shopping 去购物

仔细寻找（通常指一些物美价廉的东西或者最佳服务)

shop around for sth

Don`t buy the first car you see: shop around a bit.买汽车上别见到一辆就买，多转几家，挑一挑。

This time he was barking so that someone would let him out!

so that 和 in order that 引导的从句叫做目的状语从句，从句中的谓语动词常与will,would, can, could ，shall,

should, may，might连用。

He sent a fax in

他发了一份传真，他希望母亲直到这个好消息。

He sent a fax in

他发了一份传真，他希望母亲直到这个好消息。

We let early so that we could catch the first train. 我们早出发目的是赶上早班火车。

to, so as to 及in order to 后面跟动词原形，表达“目的是”（常用于非正式英语中）

He ran to the station to catch the train. 他跑到车站目的是为了赶车。

I told him about it in order tohelp you . 我告诉他这件事情目的是为了帮助你。

I opend the door quietly so as not to disturb him . 我悄悄打开门目的是不打扰他。

Exercises: 链接以下句子，用括号中的词组来代替want,表达目的性

1. He left early. He did not want to see me .(so as to)

eg

eg

eg

eg

eg

eg

eg

eg

eg

eg

eg

eg

eg

eg

eg

eg

eg

eg

eg

eg

-- He left early so as not to see me . 他离开很早，目的是不见到我。

2. I went to see him. I wanted to find out what had happened. (to)

-- I went to see him to find out what had happened. 我去看他是为了想知道发生什么事情了。

3. He worked wanted to learn English. (in order to)

-- He worked hard in order to learn English.他努力学习目的是学好英语。

has not sent me his address. He does not want me to write to him.(so that)

-- He has not sent me his address so that I will not able to write to him. 他没有给我地址目的是不让我写信给他。

如此…以至于…

so…that

I opend the door quietly so as not to disturb him . 我悄悄打开门目的是不打扰他。

Exercises: 链接以下句子，用括号中的词组来代替want,表达目的性

1. He left early. He did not want to see me .(so as to)

-- He left early so as not to see me . 他离开很早，目的是不见到我。

2. I went to see him. I wanted to find out what had happened. (to)

-- I went to see him to find out what had happened. 我去看他是为了想知道发生什么事情了。

3. He worked wanted to learn English. (in order to)

-- He worked hard in order to learn English.他努力学习目的是学好英语。

has not sent me his address. He does not want me to write to him.(so that)

-- He has not sent me his address so that I will not able to write to him. 他没有给我地址目的是不让我写信给他。

如此…以至于… （引导结果状语从句）

so…that

It`s so cold that the pond has frozen. 天如此的冷，湖都结冰了。

I ran so fast that I`d got a pain in my sidee. 我跑的如此的快，以至于我肋部很疼。

She was so exhausted that she couldn`t eat dinner. 她累的筋疲力尽，以至于饭都吃不下了。

Since then, he has developed another bad habit.

develop a habit/ form a habit/ make a babit/ get into a habit/ fall into a habit 养成习惯

As soon as he opens the gate from the outside,he comes into the garden and waits until the gate shuts.

（outside有冠词the修饰，在这里做n)

the outside

adj/adv/n

outside

反义词：inside

shutv

关上；闭上；停止营业

shut--shut--shut

Shut the doors and windows at night. 夜晚把门窗都关上。

I can`t shut the suitcase lid when it`s so full. 衣箱装的很满，我盖不上盖子了。

He shut the door on her face. 他把她关在门外了。

shut door one`s face 把某人关在门外

shut one`s eyes 闭上眼睛

shut one`s mouth 闭上嘴巴

shut a book 合上书

shut a wallet 合上钱夹

shut a penknife 合上折刀

shut the door on sth 拒不考虑某事物

shut one`s ears to sth 拒不听某事

shut one`s eyes to sth/ close one`s eyes to sth 视而不见

shut up 住嘴

shuttern

活动的窗板或窗帘；百叶窗；（照相机镜头的）快门

Then he sits and barks until someone lets him this he immediately lets himself in and begins barking again

begin barking / begin to bark 开始叫唤

Yesterday my husband removed the gate and Rex got so annoyed we have not seen him since.

so annoyed 如此的生气

文中句型应为 so annoyed…that如此的生气以至于，句中省略了that，全句应该是： yesterday my husbend

removed the gate and Rex got so annoyed that we have not seen him since.

Exercises

He would bark until someone opend the gate. That`s what he used to do. 题干中would bark 表示过去习惯的动作。

is used to doing

习惯于做某事，不表示过去常做

used v

使用，不合题意

is used to

习惯于

used to do

过去常常做某事，

表示过去常常做某事，可以用would do 或used to do ,两者之中的区别：used to do 过去常常做某事，而现在

已经不这样做了；而would do 不强调与现在的对比，只表示过去某一个动作经常的重复的发生。

1

A

B

C

D

2

He was barking for someone to let him in.

A

B

C

D

3

A

B

C

D

4

A

B

C

D

for someone to

in case someone

so someone to

1

2

目的是让某人做…;

以防万一，以防某人

错误搭配，不合语法

以便某人，后面没有would,与前面的时态不符。so that 可以表目的， 后面加目

so that someone

的状语从句。而从句中的状语从句是someone let him in, 时态不正确，应该是

someone would let him in.

Rex become an expert. He was very skilful.

expert 意为“专家”，“有特殊知识和技能的人”

craftyadj

狡猾的

slyadj

狡猾的，诡计多端的

cunningadj

狡猾的

skilfuladj

有技巧的，熟练的

Have you made up your mind yet as to where you are going to spend your summer vacation ? 你决定暑假去哪儿过了吗？

so that

以便，表目的，引导一个目的状语从句

such as

诸如，用于引出例子

as to

关于，（可以作为介词使用）,后面加名词性从句

in case

万一

Review:

so as to do

后面加动词原形，表示目的是做…

in order to do

to do

so that

that 引导一个从句，是目的状语从句

in order that

so…that

so+adj/adv+that 如此…以至于…，that 引导的是一个结果状语从句

谚语

Necessity is the mother of invention.

有需求就会有发明；需要是发明之母。

Need a long spoon to sup with the devil./ Need a long spoon to eat with the devil.

与魔鬼一起喝酒要用长勺子。与不可靠的人或坏人打交道，要及其小心，心眼要多。