2024年4月1日发(作者：)

感顿市安乐阳光实验学校单元综合检测(一)

(时间：100分钟；满分：120分)

第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)

第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)

A

Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years，but in

recent times there has been less coming and a lot more the

world was still populated by hunter­gatherers，small，tightly knit(联

系) groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each

language experts believe that 10，000 years ago，when the world

had just five to ten million people，they spoke perhaps 12，000 languages

between them.

Soon afterwards，many of those people started settling down to become

farmers，and their languages too became more settled and fewer in

recent centuries，trade，industrialisation，the development

of the nation­state and the spread of universal compulsory education，

especially globalisation and better communications in the past few

decades，all have caused many languages to disappear，and dominant

languages such as English，Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking

over.

At present，the world has about 6，800 distribution

of these languages is hugely general rule is that mild zones

have relatively few languages，often spoken by many people，which hot，

wet zones have lots，often spoken by small has only around

200 languages；the Americas about 1，000；Africa 2，400；and Asia and

the Pacific perhaps 3，200，of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for

well over median number(中位数) of speakers is a mere 6，000，

which means that half the world's languages are spoken by fewer people

than that.

Already well over 400 of the total of 6，800 languages are close to

extinction(消亡)，with only a few elderly speakers ，at random，

Busuu in Cameroon(eight remaining speakers)，Chiapaneco in Mexico(150)，

Lipan Apache in the United States(two or three) or Wadjigu in

Australia(one，with a question­mark)：none of these seems to have much

chance of survival.

【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了全球语言多样性的发展变化以及现在所面

临的危机。

1．What can we infer about languages in hunter­gatherer times?

A．They developed very fast.

B．They were large in number.

C．They had similar patterns.

D．They were closely connected.

B [推理判断题。根据第一段的最后一句“Some language experts believe

that 10，000 years ago，when the world had just five to ten million people，

they spoke perhaps 12，000 languages between them”可知，在狩猎时代，

人口少，语言却很丰富，故选B。]

2．Which of the following best explains“dominant” underlined in

Paragraph 2?

A．Complex. B．Advanced.

C．Powerful. D．Modern.

C [词义猜测题。根据第二段最后一句“In all have

caused many languages to disappear，and dominant languages such as

English，Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over”可知，近几

个世纪以来，随着社会的发展，很多语言已经消失，英语、西班牙语、汉语逐

渐占主导地位。complex“复杂的”；advanced“高级的，先进的”；

powerful“有影响力的”；modern“现代的”。故选C。]

3．How many languages are spoken by less than 6，000 people at present?

A．About 6，800. B．About 3，400.

C．About 2，400. D．About 1，200.

B [数字计算题。根据第三段最后一句“The median number(中位数) of

speakers is a mere 6，000，which means that half the world's languages

are spoken by fewer people than that”可知，目前全球不同语言使用人数

的中位数仅是6 000，这就意味着世界上有一半的语言的使用人数不到6 000；

结合第三段第一句“At present，the world has about 6，800 languages”

可知，选B。]

4．What is the main idea of the text?

A．New languages will be created.

B．People's lifestyles are reflected in languages.

C．Human development results in fewer languages.

D．Geography determines language evolution.

C [主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句中的“but in recent times there has

been less coming and a lot more going”和第二段可知，随着人类社会的发

展，尤其是工业化、全球化以来，很多语言已经消失，即人类的发展使得语言

的种类越来越少。故选C。]

B

Sweetest Day is celebrated on the third Saturday in October as a day

to make someone happy. It is an occasion which offers all of us an

opportunity to remember not only the sick, the aged, and children who

have lost their parents, but also friends, workmates, relatives and

neighbours whose helpfulness and kindness we have enjoyed.

Over 60 years ago, when a Cleveland man noticed that some people,

such as children who lost their parents and patients who lay in bed, too

often felt forgotten and neglected, he developed in his mind the idea

of showing them that they were did this by giving them small

gifts. With the help of his friends and neighbours, he gave those people

small gifts on a Saturday in October. During the years that followed,

other Clevelanders began to take part in the celebration, which came to

be called “Sweetest Day”．Over time, the Sweetest Day idea of spreading

cheer to the poor, the sick and children who had lost their parents was

broadened to include everyone, and became an occasion for remembering

others with a kind act or a small gift. Soon the idea spread to other

cities all over the USA.

Sweetest Day is not based on any single group's religious beliefs

or on a family relationship. It is a reminder that a thoughtful word or

deed enriches life and gives it e for many people

remembering takes the form of gift giving, Sweetest Day offers us the

opportunity to show others that we care, in a positive way.

【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了甜蜜日的由来及意义。在

这一天，一份小小的礼物就能帮助我们传达对病人、老年人和失去父母的孩子

的关爱以及对朋友、亲人等无私关爱的感激。

5．Which of the following has little relationship to Sweetest Day?

A．Visiting sick people of the hospital.

B．Visiting children who have lost their parents.

C．Giving friends small gifts.

D．Giving flowers to sweethearts.

D [细节理解题。由第一段第二句“It is an occasion which offers all

of us an opportunity to remember not only the sick，the aged，and children

who have lost their parents，but also friends，workmates，relatives and

neighbours whose helpfulness and kindness we have enjoyed.”可知，此

节日没提到送情人鲜花，故选D项。]

6．What do most people usually do to show their care to others

according to the passage?

A．They give money. B．They give gifts.

C．They send regards. D．They offer help.

B [细节理解题。由文章第二段中的信息“...and became an occasion for

remembering others with a kind act or a small gift.”可知B项正确。]

7．The underlined word “neglected” in the second paragraph

means “ ”．

A．remembered

B．hated

C．paid little or no attention to

D．disappointed

C [词义猜测题。由该词前面的“too often felt forgotten”可知，

neglected意为“被忽视的”，故C项正确。]

C

As a teenager, I hated Physical Education lessons.I was not very good

at sports, and I hated team sports because I always felt like I was

disappointing the rest of the team. I was always making up excuses to

get out of such lessons.

When I started university, I decided to try kung fu. To my surprise,

I loved it! It was a friendly club, and in my first year most of us were

beginners. I used to go two or three times a week to train. Because it

is not a team sport, I didn't feel guilty (内疚的) about not being very

because it is a combat (格斗) sport, you train in pairs, which

means that you get to meet people and talk to them. When I was doing kung

fu, I got stronger and quicker. Unluckily, in the last year of university

I was too busy to do kung fu most of the time.

When I moved to Italy this year I decided to start doing a combat

sport again. I found a great local club that does mixed martial arts (综

合格斗) and I love it. The club is more serious than the one at my

university and we do lots of practice fights. It is very fun.

When I was a teenager, I would say I just wasn't a sporty person and

that I just didn't like sport and never I know that everyone

should try as many sports as possible because there is often something

out there for everyone!

【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。作者讲述了自己从不喜欢运动到喜欢运动

的经历，说明只要尝试，总会找到适合自己的运动。

8．When the author was a teenager, he ．

A．disliked sports

B．often told lies at school

C．was poor at his lessons

D．didn't get along with his classmates

A [细节理解题。根据第一段，作者青少年时期讨厌体育课，不擅长运动，

经常找理由不上体育课和最后一段的第一句可知选项A正确。]

9．Why didn't the author feel guilty about not being very good at

kung

fu?

A．He had never done

kung

fu

before.

B．He didn't do kung fu often enough.

C．People in that club were very friendly.

D．His performance didn't affect others.

D [细节理解题。第一段提到作者不喜欢团队运动，是因为感到自己做不

好会让队员们失望，再根据第二段作者上大学之后喜欢功夫，因为功夫不是团

队运动，不会因为自己做不好影响他人而感到内疚。]

10．What can we learn about the author?

A．He went to work in Italy after university.

B．He felt regretful over his boring childhood.

C．He liked combat sports more than team sports.

D．He didn't do kung fu in the last year of university.

C [细节理解题。通读全文可知，作者不喜欢团队运动是因为害怕自己做

不好而使其他队员失望，而格斗运动则正好符合作者的心愿。]

11．What might be the best title for the text?

A．Why I Hated Sports

B．Why I Should Do Sports

C．What I Learned from Sports

D．How I Became A sports Lover

D [主旨概括题。作者讲述了自己是如何从青少年时期不爱运动到上大学

之后爱上运动的，故选项D符合题意。]

D

Lise Meitner was born in Vienna, Austria on November 7, 1878. She

was the third child of eight children in the family. Her father Philipp,

who was a lawyer, hired personal teachers to teach the children, and she

learned mathematics very well. Music was important to the family, and

all the children learned to play the piano. The Meitner children were

taught to listen to their parents, but to think for themselves.

When Lise Meitner finished school at the age of 14, she could not

go to college for higher education, as were all girls in ,

inspired by the discovery of Henri Becquerel, she was determined to study

radioactivity (放射性)．

When she turned 21, women were finally allowed into Austrian

r was admitted into the University of Vienna; there

she was excellent at math and physics and earned her doctor's degree in

1906. She wrote to Marie Curie, but there was no room for her in the Paris

lab, so Meitner made her way to Berlin. There she worked with Otto Hahn,

but as an Austrian Jewish woman, she was excluded from the main labs and

allowed to work only in the basement.

In 1912, the pair moved to a new university and Meitner had better

lab equipment. Though Meitner was forced to escape Nazi Germany in 1938,

they continued to co­work. Meitner continued her work in Sweden and later

they found the phenomenon “nuclear fission (核裂变)”. The discovery,

which finally led to the atomic bomb, won Hahn the Nobel Prize in 1944.

Meitner, ignored by the Nobel committee (会), refused to return to

Germany after the war and continued her atomic research in Stockholm into

her 80s.

【语篇解读】 本文是记叙性说明文。Lise Meitner是一位奥地利女科学

家，文章介绍了她对核物理学的贡献。

12．What do we know about Lise Meitner's childhood?

A．She received a good education.

B．She often went against her parents.

C．She showed a great talent for music.

D．She lived a hard life with her family.

A [推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Her father Philipp, who was a lawyer,

hired personal teachers to teach the children, and she learned

mathematics very well. Music was important to the family, and all the

children learned to play the piano”可知，Lise Meitner小时候接受了良

好的教育。]

13．Why didn't Lise Meitner go to college after finishing high school?

A．She wasn't interested in college.

B．Girls in her country were not allowed.

C．Her family couldn't afford the school fees.

D．She wanted to study radioactivity by herself.

B [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“When Lise Meitner finished school

at the age of 14, she could not go to college for higher education, as

were all girls in Austria”及第三段第一句可知，Lise Meitner高中毕业

后没能上大学是因为当时在奥地利女孩不允许上大学。]

14．What did Lise Meitner probably realize when working in Berlin?

A．She was unfairly treated there.

B．She made the wrong college choice.

C．She should have kept her identity a secret.

D．She should find a better partner than Otto Hahn.

A [推理判断题。根据第三段中的“...but as an Austrian Jewish woman，

she was excluded from the main labs and allowed to work only in the

basement”可知，由于身份的缘故，她被不公平地对待。]

15．What was most probably Lise Meitner's attitude toward the Nobel

committee?

A．Indifferent. B．Unclear.

C．Angry. D．Supportive.

C [推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Meitner，ignored by the Nobel

committee(会)，refused to return to Germany after the war and continued

her atomic research in Stockholm into her 80s.”可推断，Meitner对诺

贝尔奖会对自己的忽视感到非常气愤。]

第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)

Communication Tips

Here are some suggestions about making your talk with your parents

turn out for the best.

Be honest.

If you're always honest, your parents will be likely to believe what

you say. If you sometimes hide the truth, parents will have a harder time

to believe what you tell them. 16

Be brave and start talking.

It's easy to say “Hi, Mum” or “Dad, can you pass the potatoes？”

17 Let's face it. You will feel embarrassed (尴尬的)when talking

about something personal, but your parents know you quite were

your age once, too! So don't let a little embarrassment stop you. It's

OK to go ahead and share what's on your mind.

18

If you have a disagreement, can you consider things from your parents'

points of view? If you can, telling your parents you understand their

views and feelings helps them be willing to understand yours, too.

Try not to argue.

Using a friendly and respectful tone makes your parents more likely

to listen to you and take what you say seriously. 19

What if it doesn't work? If you still can't talk to your parents,

seek other adults' help. 20 Then follow all the tips above to make

you communicate with that person well.

A．Explain your situation.