2024年3月13日发(作者：)

超声常用术语英语解释

2D：two-dimensional 二维

3D: three-dimensional 三维

AAO: ascending aorta 升主动脉

AbAO: abdominal aorta 腹主动脉

ABD: automatic borderline determination 自动边缘检测

AC: accessory chamber 附属腔

AD: acoustic densitometry 声学密度定量

AML: anterior mitral leaflet 二尖瓣前叶

AMV: anterior mitral valve 二尖瓣前叶

AN: anuerysm 动脉瘤

AO: aorta or aorta root 主动脉或主动脉根部

AoAR: aortic arch 主动脉弓

AoS: aortic sinus 主动脉窦

AQ: acoustic quantification 声学定量

ARCH: aortic arch 主动脉弓

ARV: atrialized right ventricle 房化右室

ASD: atrial septal defect 房间隔缺损

ATL: anterior tricuspid leaflet 三尖瓣前叶

ATV: anterior tricuspid valve 三尖瓣前叶

AV: aortic valve 主动脉瓣

AW: anterior wall 前壁

CABG: coronary artery bypass grafting冠状动脉旁路血管移植术

CDFI: color Doppler flow imaging 彩色多普勒血流成像

CDFM: color Doppler flow mapping 彩色多普勒血流成像

CK: color kinesis 彩色室壁动态技术

CO: cardic output 心排出量

CPV: common pulmonary vein 肺总静脉

CS: coronary sinus 冠状静脉窦

CS: crista supraventricularis 室上嵴

CT: chordae tendinae 腱索

CV: common ventricle 共同心室

CW: continuous wave Doppler 连续型多普勒

DA: dissecting aneurysm 夹层动脉瘤

DAO: descending aorta 降主动脉

DSE: Dobutamine stress echocardiography 多巴酚丁胺负荷超声心

动图

DTI: Doppler tissue imaging 组织多普勒成像技术

DV: ductus venosus 静脉导管

ECG: electrocardiogram 心电图

EN: endocardium 心内膜

EP: epicardium 心外膜

EPSS: E point-septal seperation E 峰至室间隔间距

ET: ejection time 射血期

FCR: flow convergence region 血流汇聚区

FFT: fast Fourier transformation 快速富利叶转换

FL: false lumen 假腔

HPLA: high pressure left atrium 左房高压腔

HR: heart rate 心率

HV: hepatic vein 肝静脉

Hz: Hertz 赫兹

IAS: interatrial septum 房间隔

LA: left atrium 左房

IBS: integral of backscatter 背向散射积分

IVC: inferior vena cava 下腔静脉

IVS: interventricular septum 室间隔

IVUS: intravascular ultrasound 血管内超声

IW: interior wall 下壁

VSD: ventricular septal defect 室间隔缺损

LAA: left atrial auricle 左心耳

VV: vertical vein 垂直静脉

LAD: left anterior descending coronary atery 左冠状动脉前降

支

LCA: left coronary artery 左冠状动脉

LCC: left circumflex coronary artery 左冠状动脉回旋支

LD: long diameter 长径

LIV: left innominate vein 左无名静脉

LPA: left pulmonary artery 左肺动脉

VC: vena cava 腔静脉

LPEP: left ventricular pre-ejection period左室射血前期

LPLA: low pressure left atrium 左房低压腔

LPV: left pulmonary vein 左肺静脉

L-RD: left-right diameter 左右径

LSVC: left superior vena cava 左位上腔静脉

LV: left ventricle 左室

LVC: left ventricular cavity 左室腔

LVET: left ventricular ejection time 左室射血时间

V: vegetation 赘生物

LVIT: left ventricular inflow tract 左室流入道

LVOT: left ventricular outflow tract 左室流出道

LVPW: left ventricular posterior wall 左室后壁

LW: lateral wall 侧壁

m／s: 米/秒 MHz: 兆赫

MCE: mycardial contrast echocardiogrphy 心肌声学造影

M-LD: medial-lateral diameter 内外径

M-mode: motion mode M型（超声心动图）

MPA: main pulmonary artery 主肺动脉

MV: mitral valve 二尖瓣

MVP: mitral valve prolapse 二尖瓣脱垂

PE: pericardial effusion 心包积液

PA Bif: pulmonary artery bifurcation 肺动脉分叉

PDA: patent ductus arteriousus 动脉导管未闭

PM: papillary muscle 乳头肌

PMV: posterior mitral valve 二尖瓣后叶

PRF: pulsed repetition frequency 脉冲重复频率

RA: right atrium 右房

RPV: right pulmonary vein 右肺静脉

PTV: posterior tricuspid valve 三尖瓣后叶

PW: pulsed wave Doppler 脉冲型多普勒

RCA: right coronary artery 右冠状动脉

RIV: right innominate vein 右无名静脉

RPA: right pulmonary artery 右肺动脉

RPEP: right ventricular pre-ejection period 右室射血前期

RSVC: right superior vena cava 右位上腔静脉

RUPV: right upper pulmonary vein 右上肺静脉

RLPV: right low pulmonary vein 右下肺静脉

RV: right ventricle右室

RVAW: right ventricular anterior wall 右室前壁

RVC: right ventricular cavity 右室腔

TL: true lumen 真腔

RVET: right ventricular ejection time 右室射血时间

RVOT: right ventricular out tract 右室流出道

RWMA: regional wall motion abnormality 节段性室壁运动异常

SAM: systolic anterior motion 二尖瓣收缩期前向运动

SHI: second harmonic imaging 二次谐波成像技术

SV: sampling volume or strake volume 取样容积或心搏量

TEE: transesophageal echocardiography 经食管超声心动图

TGA: transposition of the great arteries 大动脉转位

TH: thrombosis 血栓形成

ThAO: thoracic aorta 胸主动脉

TMLR or TMR: transmyocardial laser revascularization 激光心肌血运

重建术

TTE: transthoracic echocardiography 经胸超声心动图

TV: tricuspid valve 三尖瓣

仪器和原理方面 ：

切面面积 Cross sectional Area (CSA)

扫描器、探头Scanner (SCNR)

凸形、凸阵Convex (CVX)

扇扫角度Sector Angle (Sec Ang)

辉度、亮度Brightness

冻结 Freeze (FRZ)

平均速度 Mean Velocity (Mean Vel)

增益 Gain

返流Reversed Flow (RF)

频谱Frequency Spectrum

彩色多普勒血流显像 Color Doppler Flow Imaging (CDFI)

经颅多普勒 Transcranial Doppler ( TCD)

腹部血流显示 Abdominal Flow Display (AFD)

阴道超声 Transvagin Scan (TVS)

解剖学方面

1）妇产科：胎盘 Placenta (PL)

胎心 Fetal Heart (F Ht)

胎头 Fetal Head (FH)

胎头指数 Cephalic Index

大脑镰 Falx Cerebri (FC;FL)

丘脑、视丘 Thalmus (Th)

侧脑室Lateral Ventricle (LV)

第三脑室 Third Ventricle (V3)

透明隔Septum Pellucidum (SP)

透明隔腔 Septum Pellucidum (SP)

蜕膜 Decidua

脐带 Umbilical Cord (UC)

绒毛 Villus

绒毛膜Chorion (C )

羊水Amniotic Fluid (AF)

羊水指数 Amniotic Fluid Index (AFI)

子宫内口Internal Ostium of the Uterius

妊娠囊Gestational Sac (GS)

双顶径 Biparietal Diameter (BPD)

股骨径Femur Length (FL)

子宫口Orifice of the Uterius

顶臀长度Crowm-Rump Length (CRL)

胸围 Thoracic Circumference (Th C)

腹围Abdominal Circumference (AC)

阴道 Vagina

头围 Head circumference (HC)

枕额径Occipital Frontal Diameter (OFD)

子宫Uterus

输卵管Uterine Tube,Oviduct

卵巢Ovary, Ovaries (Ov)

子宫颈Cervix (C )

子宫腔Urterine Canal

子宫内膜Endometriosis (En)

卵黄囊Yolk Sac (YS)

眼、面颈、涎腺、乳腺、胸腔：

眼球Optic Bulb; Eyeball

角膜Cornea

前房Anterior Chamber(AC )

虹膜Iris

睫状体Ciliary Body

视网膜Retina

脉络膜Choroid

巩膜Sclera

房水 Aqueous Humour

玻璃体 Vitreous

晶状体Lens

腮腺Parotid

颌下腺Submaxillay Gland

舌下腺Sublingual Gland

甲状腺Thyroid

甲状旁腺Parathroid

乳腺Breast

横膈Diaphragm (D)

胸腔Thoracic cavity

血管：

腹主动脉Abdominal Aorta (AA)

腹腔动脉Celiac Artery (Ce A;CA)

肠系膜上动脉Superior Mesenteric Artery (SMA)

胃左动脉Left Gastric Artery

脾动脉Splenic Artery (Sp A)

肾动脉Renal Artery (RA)

肾静脉Renal Vein (RV)

门静脉Portal Vein (PV)

肝静脉Hepatic Vein (HV)

肝中静脉Medial Hepatic Vein (MHV)

肝左静脉Left Hepatic Vein(LHV)

腋静脉Axillary Vein

肝右静脉Right Hepatic Vein (RHV)

下腔静脉Inferior Vena Cava (IVC)

肠系膜上静脉Superior Mesenteric Vein (SMV)

锁骨下静脉Subclavian Vein (SCV)

颈外静脉External Jugular Vein

颈内静脉Internal Jugular Vein

颈总动脉Common Jugular Artery

髂内动脉Internal Iliac Artery

髂外动脉External Iliac Artery

髂总动脉Common Iliac Artery

大隐静脉Great Saphenous Vein

小隐静脉 Short Saphenous Vein

股动脉Femoral Artery

股静脉 Femoral Vein

腘动脉Popliteal Artery

腘静脉Popliteal Vein

足背动脉 Dorsal Pedal Artery

肝、胆、胰、脾、泌尿生殖：

肝左叶Left Liver Lobe (LL)

肝右叶 Right Liver Lobe (RL)

尾状叶Caudate Lobe (CL)

方叶 Quadrate Lobe (QL)

胆囊 Gallbladder (G)

胆囊管Cystic Duct (CD)

肝管 Hepatic Duct (HD)

胆总管Common Bile Duct (CBD)

肝门 Porta Hepatis

肝总管Common Hepatic Duct (CHD)

胰腺 Pancreas (P;Pa)

胰管 Pancreatic Duct (PD;PaD)

副胰管Santorini Duct (SD)

胰头Head of Pancreas (PaH)

胰颈 Neck of Pancreas (PaN)

胰体Body Of Pancreas (Pa)

胰尾Tail of Pancreas (PaT)

钩突Uncinate Process

脾 Spleen (Sp)

肾Kidney (K)

肾盂Renal Pelvis (RP)

肾盏Renal Calyces (RC)

肾锥体Pyramids (Py)

肾柱Renal Colums (Rco)

肾上腺Adrenal Gland (AG)

输尿管Ureters (Ur)

膀胱Urinary Bladder (U,Bladder (BL)

前列腺Prostate (Pro)

尿道Urethra

睾丸Testis (Ts)

副睾Epididymis (Ep)

鞘膜Tunica Vagialis, Vagina Tunic

腹股沟 Inguen

精囊Vesiculae Seminals; Seminal Vesicle (SV)

阴囊Scrotum (Sc),Scrotal Sac (SS)

精索Spermatic Cord

胃 肠：

胃Stomach (STO)

贲门Cardia (C ),(Ca)

胃底Fundus of Stomach (SF)

胃体Body of Stomach (S)

幽门Pylorus (Py)

十二指肠Duodenum (Du)

小肠Small Intestine

空肠 Jejunum

回肠Ileum

盲肠Cecum

阑尾Appendix (Ap)

大肠Large Intestine

结肠Colon (Co)

结肠肝曲Hepatic Flexure of Colon

肠系膜 Mesentery

结肠脾曲Splenic Flexure of Colon

升结肠Ascending Colon (As C)

横结肠Transverse Colon (Tr C)

降结肠Descending Colon (De C )

乙状结肠Sigmoid Colon

直肠Rectum

肌肉、骨关节：

肌肉Muscle, Musculus (M)

肌腱Tendon Tendon

腓骨Fib

腰大肌 Major

尺骨Ulna

脊柱Verebral Colum, Spine

椎骨Vertebra (V)

半月板 Meniscus

肱骨Humerus

脊柱裂Spina Bifida (S)

桡骨Raduis

股骨Fumur

胫骨Tibiaula

颅骨Skull ,Cranial Bones

髂骨Ilium髋骨Hip

髂嵴Iliac Creast

关节Joint

其它：

脓肿Abscess (ABS)

钙化Calcification (CAL)

肌瘤Myoma (MYO)

结核Tuberculosis (T)

蛔虫Ascariasis (As)

淋巴结Lymph node (LN)

肿瘤Tumor (T)

包块Mass( M)

结节Node (N)

壁Wall (W)

积液Effusion (Eff)

腹水Ascites (ASC)

坏死Necrosis (Nec)

结石Stone (St)

靶团 Target (TAR)

血肿Hematoma (HMA)

血栓Thrombus (Th)

纤维化Fibrosis (Fib)

疤痕Scar (Sc)

囊肿Cyst (Cy)

脂肪瘤 Lipoma

淋巴瘤Lymphoma

错构瘤 Hamartoma

异物Foreign Boby (F)

栓塞 Embolism

粪石Fecalith (Fe)

胆道蛔虫Bile Dull Ascariasis (BDAS)

转移灶Metastasis (Met)

沉积物Sediment (Sed)

针尖Needle Tip (NT)

血管瘤 Angioma (ANG)

宫内节育器 Intrauterine Devices (IUD)

消化系统

肝脏L尾状叶CL方叶QL肝总管CHD肝管HD

肝外胆管EHBD圆韧带HUL胆囊GB胆总管CBD胰管ＰD

镰状韧带FL门静脉PV胰腺PA胰头PA胰体PAB

淋巴结LYN胆囊管CD胰尾PAT脾动脉SPA脾SP

脊柱Spine左肝管LHD胃STO胃底SF胃体SB

十二指肠DU幽门PY肠BO升结肠ASC结肠CO

降结肠Dec横结肠Tre

泌生

肾上腺AG肾K肾盂RP肾盏RC肾柱Rco

肾动脉RA肾静脉RV尿道UR睾丸TS附睾EP

输尿管UR前列腺PST阴囊S精囊SV膀光BL

子宫内膜En子宫UT卵巢OV阴道S卵泡Fou

心血管系统

腹主动脉AO奇静脉AIV腘动脉POA肱静脉BV

腹腔动脉CA脐静脉UV腓动脉PEA桡静脉RV

肠系膜上动脉SMA肱动脉BA腋静脉AxV桡动脉RA

肠系膜上静脉SMV尺动脉UA腋动脉AxA股总动脉CFA

肠系膜下静脉IMV上肢静脉UEV腘静脉POV股浅动脉SFA

肠系膜下动脉IMA上肢动脉UEA椎动脉VA股深动脉DFA

颈内动脉ICA胫前静脉ATV椎静脉VV胫前动脉ATA

颈内静脉IJV胫后静脉PTV大隐静脉GSV胫后动脉PTA

基底动脉VA颈总动脉CCA小隐静脉SSV足背动脉DPA

锁骨下动脉SCA颈外动脉ECA上腔静脉SVC下肢静脉LEV

锁骨下静脉SCV无名静脉INA下腔静脉IVC髂总静脉CIV

髂总动脉CIA无名动脉INA肾静脉RV髂内静脉IIV

髂内动脉ILA股浅静脉SFV腓静脉PEV髂外静脉EIV

髂外动脉EIA股深静脉DFV股总静脉CFV血栓TH

主动脉弓AOAR血管瘤ANG

产科

胚胎Emb胎儿F胎盘FC胎心FHT胎头FH

脐带UC羊水AF头围HC胸围Thc腹围AC

妊娠囊GS双顶径BPD枕额径OFD头臀长CRT

异常

脂肪瘤Lipoma结节N脓肿ABS积液Eff腹水AS

坏死Nec钙化CAL异物FB结石ST肿瘤T

血肿HMA肌瘤MYO纤维化Fib疤痕SC囊肿CY

错构瘤FETAL肿块M

AO腹主动脉CA腹腔动脉SMA肠系膜上动脉SMV肠系膜上静脉

CHA肝总动脉HA肝动脉SA脾动脉IVC下腔静脉

PV门静脉RPV门静脉右支LPV门静脉左支SPJ脾门融合

SV脾静脉RHV右肝静脉MHV中肝静脉LHV左肝静脉

RRV右肾静脉RRA右肾动脉LRV左肾静脉LRA左肾动脉

L肝脏RL肝右叶LL肝左叶CL尾叶

PHT门脉高压L肝癌N结节T肿瘤

HMAS血肿ABS脓肿CY囊肿AS角征

HS驼峰征ANG血管瘤HP冰雹状TAR靶团

SP脾脏TSP移植脾D隔肌ASC腹水

GB胆囊RBD右胆管LBD左胆管ST结石

BDAS胆道蛔虫SH声影CBD总胆管P胰腺

WD胰管PCY假性囊肿DU十二指肠LY淋巴

LYMA淋巴瘤PE胸水AA动脉瘤

FH胎头TP双胎BPD双顶径HDY脑积水

ANY无脑畸形MES脑脊膜膨出TH丘脑LVS侧脑室

3rdV第三脑室FL大脑镰SP脊柱SB脊柱裂

THX胸部H心脏STO胃BO肠

SC阴囊UV脐静脉UC脐带AF羊水

PL胎盘

UT子宫C宫颈V阴道OV卵巢

MYO肌瘤FN内膜HM葡萄胎GS妊囊

DCY皮样囊肿UBI双角子宫PU幼稚子宫M包块

BL膀胱K肾脏LAG左肾上腺RAG右肾上腺

PST前列腺

【超声基础方面】

超声成像 ultrasonic imaging

实时成像 real-time imaging

灰阶显示 gray scale display

彩阶显示 color scale display

经颅多普勒 transcranial doppler

彩色多普勒血流显像color doppler flow imaging

彩色血流造影 color flow angiography

彩色多普勒能量图color doppler energy

彩色能量图color power angio

超声内镜ultrasound endoscope

超声导管ultrasound catheter

血管内超声 intravascular ultrasound

血管内超声显像 intravascular ultrasonic imaging

管腔内超声显像 intraluminal ultrasonic imaging

腔内超声显像 endoluminal sonography

心内超声显像 intracardiac ultrasonic imaging

内镜超声扫描 endoscopic ultrasonography

内镜超声技术 endosonography

膀胱镜超声技术 cystosonography

阴道镜超声技术 vaginosonography

经阴道彩色多普勒显像transvaginal color doppler imaging

经直肠超声扫描transrectal ultrasonography

直肠镜超声（技术） rectosonography

经尿道扫查 transurethral scanning

介入性超声 interventional ultrasound

术中超声监视 intraoperative ultrasonic monitoring

超声引导经皮肝穿刺胆管造影 ultrasound guided percutaneous

transhepatic cholangiography

超声引导经皮穿刺注射乙醇 US guided percutaneous alcohol injection

超声引导经皮胆囊胆汁引流 US guided percutaneous gallbladder bile

drainage

超声引导经皮抽吸US guided percutaneous aspiration

超声引导胎儿组织活检US guided fetal tissue biopsy

超声引导经皮肝穿刺门静脉造影 US guided percutaneous transhepatic

portography

三维显示 three dimensional display

三维图像重建 3D image reconstruction

组织特性成像 tissue specific imaging

动态成像 dynamic imaging

数字成像 digital image

血管显像 angiography

声像图法 echography sonography

声像图 sonogram echogram

多用途探头 multipurpose scanner

宽频带探头 wide-band probe

环阵相控探头 phased annular array probe

术中探头 intraoperative porbe

穿刺探头 ultrasound guided probe

食管探头 transesophagel probe

经食管超声心动图探头transesophagel echocardiography probe

阴道探头 transvaginal probe

直肠探头 transrectal probe

尿道探头 transurethral probe

膀胱探头 intervesical probe

腔内探头 intracavitary probe

内腔探头 endo-probe

导管超声探头 catheter-based US probe

扫描方式 scan mode

线阵 linear array

凸阵 convex array

扇扫 sector scanning

传感器 sensor

换能器 transducer

放大器 amplifier

阻尼器 buffer

解调器、检波器 demodulator

触发器 trigger

零位调整 zero adjustment

定标、校正 calibration

快速时间常数电路 fast time constant

自动增益控制 automatic gain control

深度增益补偿 depth gain compensation

时间增益补偿 time gain compensation

对数压缩 logarithmic compression

灵敏度时间控制 sensitivity time control

动态范围 dynamic range

消除 erase, eliminate

变换 shift

倒置、反转 invert

消除 clear

注释 annotation

放大 magnification , magnify , zoom

写入 write

记录 record

聚焦 focus

帧率 frame rate

冻结 freeze

字符 character

抑制 rejection, reject , suppression

增益 gain

帧相关 frame correlation

回放 rendering , play back

彩色极性 color polarity

彩色边界 color edge

彩色增强 color enhance

菜单选择 menu selection

彩色余辉 color persistence

彩色捕获 color capture

彩色壁滤波 color wall filter

彩色速度显像 color velocity imaging

彩色转向 color steering

彩色消除 color cut

彩色锁定 color lock

成像数据 imaging data

预设置 preset

前处理 pre process

后处理 post process

重调、复原 reset

动态频率扫描 dynamic frequency scanning

焦距 focal distance

动态聚焦 dynamic focusing

滑动聚焦 sliging focusing

区域聚焦 zone focusing

连续聚焦 sequential focusing

电子聚焦 electric focusing

分段聚焦 segment focusing

多段聚焦 multistage focusing

全场连续聚焦 confocusing

图像均匀性 image uniformity

运动辨别力 motion discrimination

穿透深度 penetration depth

空间分辨力 spatial resolution

瞬时分辨力 temporal resolution

帧分辨力 frame resolution

图像线分辨力 image-line resolution

对比分辨力 contrast resolution

细节分辨力 detail resolution

多普勒取样容积 doppler sample volume

多普勒流速分布分辨力 doppler flow-velocity distributive resolution

多普勒流向分辨力 doppler flow-direction resolution

多普勒最低流速分辨力 doppler minimum flow-velocity resolution

彩色多普勒空间分辨力 spatial resolution of color doppler

彩色多普勒时间分辨力 time resolution of color doppler

彩色多普勒最低流速分辨力 minimum flow-velocity of color doppler

彩色多普勒强度 color doppler level

彩色多普勒处理功能板 CFM processing board

彩色视频监视器 color video monitor

【解剖学方面】

1 颅脑

大脑 cerebrum

大脑纵裂 longitudinal cerebral fissure

大脑皮质 cerebral cortex

大脑镰 falx cerebri

大脑导水管，中脑水管 cerebral aqueduct

中脑 midbrain, mesencephalon

小脑 cerebellum

小脑幕 tentorium cerebella

丘脑，视丘 thalmus

延髓 medulla oblongata

侧脑室 lateral ventricle

第三脑室 third ventricle

第四脑室 fourth ventricle

第五脑室 fifth ventricle

脑桥 ，桥脑 pons

脑干 brain stem

间脑 diencephalon

中间块 intermidiate mass

尾状核 caudate nucleus

脉络丛 choroid plexus

胼胝体 corpus callosum

脑岛，岛叶 insula

大脑脚 cerebral peduncles

大脑外侧沟（窝、裂） lateral sulcus , sylvius fissure

穹窿 fornix

透明隔 septum pellucidum

透明隔腔 cavity of septum pellucidum

额叶 frontal lobe

顶叶 parietal lobe

枕叶 occipital lobe

颞叶 temporale lobe

缘叶 limbic lobe

大脑动脉环 Willi's artery circle

大脑前动脉 anterior cerebral artery

大脑中动脉 middle cerebral artery

大脑后动脉 posterior cerebral artery

基底动脉 basilar artery

前交通支（动脉） anterior communicating branch

后交通支（动脉） posterior communicating branch

颅前窝，凹 anterior cranial fossa

颅中窝，凹 middle cranial fossa

颅后窝，凹 posterior cranial fossa

2 眼、面颈、涎腺、乳腺、胸肺

眼球 optic bulb ,eyeball

角膜 cornea

前房 anterior chamber

虹膜 iris

睫状体 ciliary body

视网膜 retina

脉络膜 choroid

巩膜 sclera

房水 aqueous humour

玻璃体 vitreous

玻璃体膜 hyaloid membrae

晶状体 lens

（眼）直肌 recti muscles

视神经 optic nerve

眶上动脉 supraorbital artery

眼动脉 ophthalmic artery

视网膜中央动脉 central retinal artery

睫状后长（短）动脉posterior long (short)

ciliary artery

泪腺动脉 lacrimal gland artery

滑车上动脉 supratrochlear artery

眼静脉 ophthalmic vein

眶上静脉 suprorbital vein

滑车上静脉 supratrochlear vein

视网膜中央静脉 central retinal vein

涡状静脉 vorticose veins

眼眶 orbit

结膜 conjunctiva

唾液腺、涎腺 salivary gland

腮腺 parotid (gland)

颌下腺 submaxillary gland

舌下腺 sublingual gland

甲状腺 thyroid (gland )

甲状旁腺 parathyroid (gland )

上颌窦 maxillary sinus

气管 trachea

食管 esophagus

乳腺 breast, mammary gland

额 front

枕 occiput

颞 temples

颊 cheek

胸廓、胸腔 thorax, thorax cavity

肋骨 ribs, costae

肋软骨costal cartilages

胸骨 sternum

乳腺组织 breast tissue

悬韧带suspensory ligament, Copper's ligament

乳腺后组织 retromammary tissue

横膈 diaphragm

颈总动脉 common carotid artery

颈外动脉 external carotid artery

颈内动脉 internal carotid artery

椎动脉 vertebral artery

无名动脉 innominate artery

颈内静脉 internal jugular vein

甲状腺上动脉 superior thyroid artery

乳房内动脉 internal mammary artery

3 腹部血管、周围血管

腹主动脉 abdominal aorta

腹腔动脉 celiac artery

肠系膜上动脉 superior mesenteric artery

肠系膜下动脉 inferior mesenteric artery

肝总动脉 common hepatic artery

肝动脉 hepatic artery

胃左动脉 left gastric artery

胃十二指肠动脉 gastroduodenal artery

脾动脉 splenic artery

肾动脉 renal artery

卵巢动脉 ovarian artery

髂总动脉 common iliac artery

髂内动脉 internal iliac artery

髂外动脉 external iliac artery

锁骨下动脉 subclavian artery

椎动脉 vertebral artery

乳房内动脉 internal mammary artery

颈内静脉 internal jugular vein

颈外静脉 external jugular vein

腋静脉 axillary vein

奇静脉 azygos vein

大隐静脉 great saphenous vein

下腔静脉 inferior vena cava

门静脉 portal vein

肠系膜上静脉 superior mesenteric vein

肝静脉 hepatic vein

肾静脉 renal vein

腰静脉 lumbar vein

精索静脉 spermatic vein

肾弓形动脉 renal arcuate arteries

股动脉 femoral artery

肱动脉 humeral artery

桡动脉 radial artery

尺动脉ulnar artery

面动脉 facial artery

锁骨下动脉 subclavian artery

颈浅动脉 superficial cervical artery

颞浅动脉 superficial temporal artery

4 肝、胆、胰、脾、泌尿男生殖

肝左叶left liver lobe(LL)

肝右叶right liver lobe(RL)

尾状叶 caudate lobe(CL)

方叶 quadrate lobe(QL)

附垂叶Riedel's lobe

胆囊gallbladder(G)

胆囊管 cystic duct(CD)

肝管 hepatic duct(HD)

胆总管common bile duct (CBD)

肝门 porta hepatis

胆囊窝 gallbladder forssa

肝圆韧带 hepatoumbilical ligament, round ligament

肝镰状韧带 falciform ligament

肝静脉韧带 venose ligament

胆管、胆道 bile duct(BD)

螺旋状瓣 spiral valve

肝总管 common hepatic duct

肝外胆管 extrahepatic duct

乏特壶腹 Vater's ampulla

胰腺 pancreas

胰管 pancreatic duct , Wirsung's duct

副胰管 Santorini duct

胰头 head of pancreas

胰颈 neck of pancreas

胰体 body of pancreas

胰尾 tail of pancreas

钩突 uncinate process

脾 spleen

脾门 splenic hilum

肾周脂肪 perinephrit fat

集合系统 collective system

肾 kedney

肾盂 renal calyes

锥体 pyramids

肾柱 renal colums

肾上腺 adrenal gland

输尿管 ureters, ureteral , uretero

膀胱 urinary bladder , bladder

尿道 urethra

睾丸 testis

附睾 epididymis

鞘膜 tunica vagialis, vagina tunic

白膜 tunica albuginea , albuginea

输精管 ductus deferens, deferent duct

精囊 vesiculae seminals, seminal vesicle

射精管 ejaculatory ducts

阴囊 scrotum, scrotal sac

精索 spermatic cord

腹股沟 inguen

前列腺 prostate

5 妇产科

子宫 uterus

输卵管 uterine tube, oviduct

卵巢 ovary, ovaries

子宫颈 cervix

子宫腔 uterine canal

子宫内膜 endometriosis

子宫直肠陷凹 rectouterine fossa

子宫内口 internal ostium of the uterus

子宫口 orifice of the uterus

阴道 vagina

胚胎 embryo

卵黄囊 yolk sac

羊膜 amnion

羊膜腔 amniotic cavity

蜕膜 decidua

绒毛 villus

绒毛膜 chorion

胎盘 placenta

胎儿 fetus

胎心 fetal heart

胎动fetal movement, feta motion

胎儿脊柱 fetal spine

胎儿胃泡 fetal stomach bubble

胎儿胸部fetal thorax

胎儿肾 fetal kidney

胎儿肢体 fetal limb

脐带 umbilical cord

卵泡，滤泡 follicle

附件 adnexa

羊水 amniotic fluid

宫内节育器 intrauterine device

妊娠囊 gestational sac

顶臀长度 crown-rump length

双顶径 biparietal diameter

胎头指数 cephalic index

枕额径 occipito-frontal diameter

头围 head circumference

胸围 thoracic circumference

腹围 abdominal circumference

小脑径 cerebellum diameter

头（径）指数 cephalic index

双眼间距 ocular distance

腹部横径 transverse trunk diameter

腹部前后径 anteroposterior trunk diameter

椎骨长度（胸6～腰3）length of vertebrae

脊柱 spine, vertebral colum

股骨长度 femur length

肱骨长度 humerus length

胎儿体重 fetal weight

脐动脉 umbilical artery

脐静脉 umbilical vein

胎盘 placenta

孕周 gestational week

孕龄 gestational age