2024年3月10日发(作者：)

Chapter 9 Romanticism

1. Romanticism refers to an attitude or intellectual orientation

that characterizes many works of literature , painting, music,

architecture, criticism, and historiography in western civilization

over a period from the late 18th to the mid-19th century.浪漫主

义指的是一种态度或知识取向,刻画出了许多作品的文学、绘

画、音乐、建筑、批评和史学在西方文明在一段时间内从18

世纪末到19世纪中叶。

2. The "Preface" to Lyrical Ballads by William Wordsworth,

known as the manifesto of romanticism, addresses the subjects,

aim and style of romantic poetry as well as the essential

characteristics of a romantic poet.威廉·华兹华斯是一个浪漫

的诗人，他写的抒情诗集的“卷首语”,被称为浪漫主义宣言,

讨论了浪漫主义诗歌的主题,目的和风格以及基本特征的。

3. William Wordsworth was an early leader of Romanticism in

English poetry, who ranks as one of the greatest lyric poets in

the history of English literature.威廉·华兹华斯是英语诗歌中

早期浪漫主义的领袖,他在英语文学的历史位列最伟大的抒

情诗人之一。

4. William Wordsworth focused on nature, children, the poor,

and ordinary people, and used plain words to express his

personal feelings. His definition of poetry was "the spontaneous

overflow of powerful feelings arising from emotion recollected

in tranquility.”威廉·华兹华斯关注自然、孩子、穷人和普通

人,并且使用普通语言来表达他的个人感情。他对诗歌的定义

是“强烈感情的自然流露：它源于情感，但在平静中回忆”。

5. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, the greatest figure of German

Romanticism, is regarded as a giant of world literature.约翰·沃

尔夫冈·冯·歌德,德国浪漫主义的最伟大的人物,被认为是

一个巨大的世界文学。

6. The Sorrows of Young Werther was written by Johann

Wolfgang von Goethe. 《少年维特之烦恼》是歌德写的。

7. Goethe's poetry includes lyrics in praise of natural beauty and

ballads that echo folk themes.歌德的诗歌包括赞美自然风光的

抒情诗和呼应民俗主题的叙事诗歌。

8. Many of Goethe's works were inspired by a series of

passionate love for women.许多歌德的作品的灵感来自于一

系列对女性热烈的爱。

Chapter 10 Socialism

9. Socialism in the Western context is a general term for the

political and economic theory that advocates a system of

collective or government ownership and management of the

means of production and distribution of goods.社会主义在西方