2024年3月9日发(作者：)

英语字母及字母组合的发音规则

一、元音字母在重读音节中的读音

元音字母读音例词

a 在开音节中 [ei] name plane Jane baby cake

在闭音节中 [?] bag dad hat map black back

e 在开音节中 [i:] he these me Chinese

在闭音节中 [e] bed let pen desk yes egg

i 在开音节中 [ai] bike fly drive time nice kite

在闭音节中 fish big drink sit milk swim

o 在开音节中 [ou] those close go hoe home no

在闭音节中 [

?

] clock not box shop sock

u 在开音节中 [ju:] student excuse duty Tuesday

在闭音节中 [∧] bus cup jump much lunch

在开音节中，元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时读[u:]音，例如：June blue

ruler super

二、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音

元音字母读音例词

a在[w]音后面 [

?

] want what watch wash quality

a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前 [α:] after plant graph ask grasp glass fast

father

i在-nd -ld和gh前 [ai] find child light high

o在-st -ld前 [ou] most postcard old cold

o在m n v th前 [∧] come monkey love mother

三、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音

元音字母读音例词

a [

?

] China another woman breakfast

[i]

orange comrade village cabbage

e [

?

] hundred student open weekend

[i]

chicken pocket begin children

i [

?

]/ holiday beautiful family animal

[ai] exercise satellite

o [

?

] second tonight somebody welcome

[

?u

] also zero photo

u [

?

] autumn difficult

[ju:] popular congratulation January

动词中的a如果处在开音节位置，a读[ei]音，例如：operate

u处在开音节位置，又在辅音字母j l r s后面时，读[u(:)]音，例如：July

influence February issue

在非重读音节中，许多单词中的元音字母a e i 即可以读作[

?

]音，也可以读作

[i]

音。

四、-r音节元音字母组合在重读音节中的读音

元音字母组合读音例词

ar [α:] car farm dark sharpener

[?:]

warm quarter towards 在[w]音后面

or

[?:]

forty morning short

在[w]音后面

[?:]

word worker worse

[?:]

certainly bird Thursday er ir ur

辅音字母r双写时，前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的

拼读规则发音。例如： carry sorry hurry

-r音节在非重读音节中通常读

[?]

音，例如：dollar teacher forget Saturday

五、-re音节元音字母组合在重读音节中的读音

元音字母组合读音例词

are

[??]

care dare hare

[i?]

ere here mere

ire [ai

?

] fire hire wire

ore

[?:]

more score before

ure [ju

?

] pure cure

are ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中，ure在非重读音节中读[

?

]音，例如：

picture pleasure

重读元音字母加r，再加非重读元字组时，重读元音字母应按-re音节拼读规则

拼读，字母r读[r]音。例如：parent zero story during inspiring

某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象。例如：orange very American

paragraph

六、元音字母组合在重读音节中的读音

元音字母组合读音例词

ai/ay [ei] afraid rain wait day play

air

[??]

air hair chair pair repair

al在f m前 [

?

] small ball talk wall all

[

?

:l] always also salt almost

[α:] half calm

au/aw [

?

:] autumn daughter draw

ea [i:] teach easy cheap please

[e] heavy bread sweater weather

[ei] break great

ear

[i?]

hear dear near clear year

[??]

bear pear wear swear

[

?

:] earth learn early

ee [i:] jeep week green three

eer [i

?

] pioneerdeer beer

ei/ey [ei] eight neighbour they

[i:] either key

eu/ew在j l r s后 [ju:] new few newspaper

[u:] flew brew jewelry