2024年2月13日发(作者：)

上海市崇明区2018届高三二模

II. Grammar and vocabulary

Section A

Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For

the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word

that best fits each blank.

China’s Good Samaritan Law (见义勇为法)Takes Effect

China’s Good Samaritan Law went into effect on October 1 to encourage people who are ready to help others. Under

the law, people how voluntarily offer emergency assistance to those who are, or who they believe to be, injured, ill or in

danger, will not have civil responsibility in the event of harm to the victims.

The new law aims to ease the reluctance people feel toward helping strangers for fear of legal consequences if they

make mistakes in treatment. It is a response to the phenomenon of people (21)__________ (hesitate) to help fallen senior

citizens due to concern that they might be blackmailed(讹诈)later.

There has been no shortage of cases over the past decade (22)________ people hesitated to offer assistance to those

who are in need. And some good Samaritans have been blackmailed for charitable acts. In 2011, a two-year-old girl known

as Xiao Yueyue was run over by two cars, and 18 people passed by (23)_____ offering emergency help. The girl died after

days of medical treatment. In 2014, a man from Guangdong Province aided a senior citizen, but (24)__________(accuse) of

knocking him down. The man committed suicide when (25)__________(face) with demands for a large sum of money.

These cases (26)_________(arouse) debate about morality and heroism in China in recent years. “If you don’t provide

help, you will blame yourself, but if you do help, you are likely (27)________(hurt) by the people you help. It is really a

difficult choice,” one netizen said on Sina Weibo.

(28)______there had been calls for a national Good Samaritan law, only a few cities pushed ahead with such laws

before the nationwide law came into effect.

However, some experts are concerned (29)_________ there could be some danger from a nationwide Good Samaritan

Law. “Rescuers who know little about first aid could bring serious harm to people in critical conditions,” said Yang Lixin, a

professor at the Renmin University of China. He hoped the government (30)_________introduce details of the policy soon

while encouraging people to voluntarily offer assistance.

Section B

Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can only be

used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. shock B. guesses C. secondary D. tracks E. detailed F. printed

G. claimed l H. prospect I. influential J. recognized K. created

Bob Dylan Wins a Nobel Prize in Literature

Bob Dylan has won the 2016 Nobel Prize in literature. The productive musician is the first Nobel winner to have

followed a career primarily as a singer-songwriter. What’s more, he’s also the first American to have won the prize in more

than two decades. Not since novelist Toni Morrison won in 1993 has an American 31 the prize.

Dylan earned the prize “for having 32 new poetic expressions within the great American song tradition,”

according to the statement by the Swedish Academy, the committee that annually decides the winter of the Nobel Prize. The

academy’s permanent secretary, Sara Danius, announced the news Thursday.

The win comes as something of a(n) 33 . As usual, the Swedish Academy did not announce a shortlist of

nominees(被提名者), leaving the betting markets to their best 34 . And while Dylan has enjoyed favor as an outside

shot for the award, the 35 that the musician would be the one to break the Americans’ long dry period was regarded as

unlikely---especially because he made his career mainly on the stage, not the 36 page.

Yet few would argue Dylan has been anything but 37 , both in the U. S. and beyond its borders. The productive

singer, songwriter and multi-instrumentalist has produced dozens of albums. Dylan, who was born Robert Allen

Zimmerman in 1941, “has the status of an idol(偶像),” the Swedish Academy wrote. “His influence on contemporary music

is significant, and he is the object of a steady stream of 38 literature.”

In an interview following the announcement, Danius 39 the Swedish Academy’s decision: “He is a great poet in

the English-speaking tradition, and he is a wonderful sampler—a very original sampler,” Danius explained. “For 54 years

now he has been at it and reinventing himself, constantly creating a new identity.”

And for his work, he has been 40 by critical community. Dylan has won Grammys, an Academy Award, a Golden

Globe and a Medal of Freedom, the highest civilian honor in the U. S. Now, to the honors Dylan has added a Nobel.

III. Reading Comprehension

Section A

The Companies Doing the Most to Make Their Employees Happier

Fat paychecks, light workloads, and endless vacation days don’t necessarily add to happy employee. In fact, the

happiest employees in the U. S. owe their happiness to first-rate employee motivations, sufficient benefits, career

advancement programs, and great work-life balance. The companies that have been the most devoted to cultivating and

advancing these things in the past year have seen employee happiness 41 .

The jobs site just announced the winners of this year’s “Leap Awards,” which honor the companies that have made the

biggest leaps to improve employee happiness year-over-year. CareerBliss evaluated more than 250,000 company reviews

and ratings it received from 42 nationwide to determined the top 50 deserving companies. To 43 the list, each

company had to have at least 50 reviews.

“The Leap Awards are important because they highlight 44 in our workforce,” says CareerBliss’s chief executive,

Heidi Golledge. CaareerBliss asked the respondents to evaluate the key factors that 45 work happiness, including

work-life balance, one’s relationship with the boss and co-workers, the work environment, job resources, salary, growth

opportunities, company culture, company reputation, daily tasks, and job 46 .

Each respondent valued each of these things on a 1-to-5 scale, and indicated how important each was to their overall

happiness at work. These numbers were 47 to find an average rating of overall employee happiness for each company.

These averages were compared to last year’s numbers to find which companies had 48 the most.

“Every employer who receives a Leap Award should 49 their workplace happiness initiatives,” says Golledge.

“Even though we are coming out of a difficult time, it is 50 to see companies putting their efforts into providing a great

environment for their employees. These efforts in workplace happiness will ensure that their employees will be around for

years to come, as happiness breeds 51 .”

“We find each year that work-life balance is a key factor in determining employee happiness,” says Golledge.

“Employee want to know that they can balance their career with their family and personal life. Often this 52 over things

like salary. Having programs that allow managers to offer employees flexibility can be a key factor in creating a happy work

environment. 53 , we see career advancement programs have a big impact on overall employee happiness. Often

employees would rather take a job for a 54 salary, if the company provides a comprehensive program which will help

grow their career. Employees want to learn, develop and sustain a successful career path.”

“Workplace happiness is the core of CareerBliss mission,” Miller says, “An individual’s happiness at work will create

happiness throughout all areas of their life, and 55 a company with a happy , motivated workforce will see exceptional

results in its products and services.’’

41. A. soar B. change C. cease D. disappear

42. A. netizens B. administrators C. candidates D. employees

43. A. make up B. quality for C. count on D. refer to

44. A. change B. power C. duty D. variety

45. A. lay in B. resulted from C. focused on D. contributed to

46. A. analysis B. vacancy C. flexibility D. responsibility

47. A. applied B. combined C. compared D. remembered

48. A. benefited B. improved C. changed D. produced

49. A. approve of B. account for C. take pride in D. get used to

50. A. good B. easy C. impossible D. interesting

51. A. profit B. honesty C. creativity D. loyalty

52. A. turns B. runs C. advantages D. skips

53. A. However B. Otherwise C. Besides D. Instead

54. A. lower

55. A. obviously

Section B

B. fair

B. frankly

C. regular

C. fortunately

D. similar

D. similarly

(A)

In the world of higher education in the United States, competition seems more common than schools working together.

Every college and university competes for students, as well as the best teachers and money for research programs.

But one thing almost every school has in common is the difficulty they face in serving low-income students. The National

Center for Education Statistics reports that low-income college students are less likely to complete their study programs than

other students.

It was only natural that the leaders of Michigan State University and ten other universities discussed this issue when they

met in 2014. The 11 schools are spread across the United Sates and serve different populations and needs. But their leaders

all saw improving graduation rates for all students as the biggest problem facing American higher education.

So the group created an organization called the University Innovation Alliance or UIA for sharing information related to

this problem. Its main goal is to get 68,000 more students at the member schools to graduate by 2025, with at least half of

those students being low-income. The 11 schools now say their number of graduates has increased by over 7,200 in just three

years. This includes an almost 25 percent increase in the number of low-income graduates.

How were they able to make this happen It began with each university looking at its own situation and finding out what

it had been doing right and what it had been doing wrong.

For example, before joining the UIA, academic advising at Michigan State mostly involved reacting to problems students

faced after the problems had already arisen. Then school officials heard about a computer program that fellow UIA member

Georgia State University was using. This computer program follows decisions students make about their classes and the

progress they are making in their studies. It then sends academic advisors messages whenever a student shows signs that

they are making mistakes or facing difficulties. Hat way the advisors can try to help students before the problems become

too serious. Michigan State began using the computer program and it has meant a world of difference. Michigan States has

not only received useful information from its parents. It has also shared helpful information of its own.

Bridget Burns, the executive director for the UIA, says efforts like this have never been as successful. “There are rankings

that measure all kinds of things,” Burns said. “But how well you do for low-income students has not historically been

highlighted.”

56. What led to the setting up of the UIA

A. The low graduation rates B. The great need of low-income students.

C. The inefficiency of learning D. The severe competition between schools

57. The UIA functions in such a way as the member universities ____.

A. find out their own graduation rates B. share and follow each other’s good practice

C. make joint efforts to aid students financially D. popularize computer programs among students

58. By “it has meant a world of difference” in paragraph 6, the author means Michigan State__________.

A. has found the computer program quite different from theirs

B. has discovered the computer program is very difficult to use

C. has helped students successfully with the computer program

D. has involved more academic advisors in the computer program

59. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage

A. Universities Highlighting Their Efforts for Low-Incomes

B. Universities Computing for Better Students and Teachers

C. Universities Working Together to Help Poor Students

D. Universities Creating the UIA to Share Information

(B)

We want to make the world a better, fairer place. We want to keep the powerful honest. And we believe that doing

so means keeping society informed by producing quality, independent journalism, which discovers and tells readers the

truth.

It’s essential for the functioning of democracy. And our unique ownership structure means no one can tell us to

drop a story.

But it’s difficult and expensive work. While more people are reading the Guardian than ever before, far fewer are

paying for it. and advertising incomes across the media are falling fast.

So if you read us, if you like us, if you value our perspective—then become a Supporter and help make our future

more secure.

Supporters get closer to the Guardian

As a Guardian Supporter, you’ll enjoy a number of benefits, including:

◆Excusive emails from Guardian journalists

◆An ad-free experience on our mobile app

◆Joining the global Guardian Members community

◆A welcome gift

Most importantly of all, you’ll appreciate every word that you read, in the knowledge that you’ve helped to bring

it to the page.

Why do we need our Supporters

Like many other media organizations, the Guardian is operating in an incredibly

challenging financial climate. Our advertising incomes are falling fast. We have huge numbers of readers, and we are

increasingly reliant upon their financial support.

We don’t have a wealthy owner pulling the strings. No shareholders, advertisers or billionaire owners can edit our

editor.

Our owner, the Scott Trust, protects our editorial independence from commercial or political interference(干涉). It

reinvests income into our journalism, not into shareholders’ pockets.

But while the Scott Trust ensures our independence, we need our Supporters, now more than ever before, to help

secure our future.

We know that not everyone is in a position to become a Supporter. But if you can, you’ll be an essential pat of our

mission to make the world a better, fairer place, for everyone.

60. The above webpage mainly aims to _________.

A. raise funds from readers B. inform readers of quality journalism

C. attract more readers D. guarantee readers a secure future

61. Which of the following is a difficulty the Guardian is facing

A. It’s losing its editorial independence B. It’s becoming increasingly reliant on its owner

C. It’s profiting much less from advertising D. It’s operating in a challenging political climate

62. What can be inferred from the webpage

A. Some billionaire owners are the Guardian’s editors

B. The Guardian is independent financially and politically

C. Shareholders can interfere with the Guardian’s journalism

D. Guardian Supporters can put ads on the mobile app for free

(C)

A new kind of production was underway on the set of the NBC comedy Superstore. Social media stars were crafting

30-second videos to post on their social media channels ahead of the comedy’s second-season return. Each made sure to

mention Superstore and its first public show.

As networks and studios struggle to reach young audiences in an increasingly fragmented(碎片化的)media

marketplace, many have turned to so-called influencers—online stars whose is measured by the size of their Internet

followings—as a means of generating awareness. Advertisers are seizing on the strategy in an age of commercial-skipping

and ad-blockers. Word of mouth in the digital age means messages travel faster by way of social media. The majority of

consumers worldwide trust online recommendations from stars. And when Superstore gave its first public show, it did so to

higher ratings than the last show of Season 1.

Studio and network executives say they work with influencers to build brand awareness and reputation in a more

friendly way through the friend-like connections consumers feel toward the online personalities they follow. At the upper

level, influencers typically have thousands of followers on social media and online content platforms and count many

millions of people who tune in daily to watch them. Some do something that makes themselves look stupid in their daily

routine, sharing videos of their trips to the grocery store or dinner dates. Others have built careers on performances—making

comedy videos, reviewing video games, performing magic tricks and teaching cooking lessons, among other pursuits.

When in the employ of studios, their efforts can be as simple as publicizing a film or more involved attempts like the

marketing push for Superstore. Entertainment companies declined to discuss how much they pay influencers. But several

experts said their pay ranges from a few thousand dollars to several million. Some simply receive gift baskets instead of pay.

Over the last year or so, some entertainment companies have begun to cast influencers in their TV and film projects.

The strategy is a bit of gamble: It’s a new business model, and questions remain about the effectiveness of using these

personalities to improve a show’s ratings—or help open a movie. Just how much influence the influencers have is hard to

measure. TV ratings and box-office returns do not reveal what caused a viewer to tune in.

What is clear is that these personalities aren’t necessarily getting the work because of their acting skills, but often

because of their Internet followings. Yet as social media stars consider whether to take on jobs promoting movies and TV

shows, there’s an important consideration for both parties: the credibility of a campaign. “Fans are definitely award when

they’re being tempted with promotional posts,” said Zach King, a social media star who performs magic tricks. “It has to be

something that is natural and fits with the image of the creator.”

63. Why did social media stars post short videos on their channels before Superstore’s second season

A. To attract more influencers B. To draw audience’s attention

C. To put on better performances D. To increase the channels’ popularity

64. Advertisers like the influencer marketing strategy because ________.

A. audiences believe in whatever online stars recommend

B. influencers are quite award of the impact of the digital age

C. ordinary advertisements are often ignored by young people

D. social media platforms are the cheapest place to spread messages

65. What is implied in the passage

A. The influencer marketing strategy help build connections between executives

B. Most influencers get paid from gift baskets instead of from their companies

C. Most influencers take on marketing jobs regardless of their reliability

D. The influencer marketing strategy may not really work well

66. The passage mainly wants to tell us that __________.

A. most young people like following influencers B. studios are relying more on social media stars

C. influencers are gradually replacing movie stars D. social media are filming videos for Superstore

Section C

Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be

used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.

A. Age really should be treated as just a number

B. Felt age might play a role in more than just how you feel

C. Feeling young is about maintaining vitality as you get older.

D. Self-felt age has the potential to change, so interventions(干预)may be possible.

E. And other studies suggest that there could be more benefits to thinking yourself younger, besides a longer life.

F. People who feel younger than the number of years they have on the clock get more pleasure than people who feel

their age.

Feel Young at Heart and You’ll Enjoy a Longer Life

Age-liars and birthday-deniers, you’d best learn a thing or two from those who are young at heart. People who feel

younger than their actual age may live longer than those who feel older than they truly are, a new study says.

67 Results from the study, published in the Journal of the American Medical Association, suggest that people who

feel a year or more older than they truly are could have around 41 percent greater risk for death.

Researchers looked at nearly 6,500 older adults, with an average age of for they study. Around 70 percent of them felt

younger than they were, about a quarter felt their precise age and just under 5 percent felt a year or more older they were,

when asked “How old do you feel you are”

Those who felt older than they were had a higher death rate after a follow-up period of 99 months. While just and

percent of people who felt younger or felt their age, respectively, died during those 99 months, percent of those who felt

aged beyond their years had died.

The authors say more research is needed on the topic, but suggest it could be that those who feel “young at heart” have

healthier behaviors and a stronger will to live. “ 68 Individuals who feel older could be targeted with health message

promoting positive health behaviors and attitudes toward aging,” the authors write in the study.

The good news is that you can change your feeling of how young you are. 69 One recent study found that helping

participants have positive feelings toward age, by showing them positive word associations, helped older adults improve in

physical tasks like balancing and getting up out of a chair, in as little as four weeks. Another study found that negative

feeling of aging and poor memory can make older adults feel up to five years older, regardless of their actual mental abilities.

There you have it. 70 .

IV. Summary Writing

Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60

words. Use your own words as far as possible.

Do Smartphones Make Us Smarter

Should teachers allow cellphones in a classroom A recent study on the way smartphones disturb learning might help

explain the issue. Researchers published findings showing how students were affected by their phones in the classroom.

They explored the differences in student performance in four situations: open phone use allowed, phones allowed in the

classroom but could not be used, no phones in the classroom and a no-instruction control group. After watching a

20-minuted video, students took a short quiz. The result was that the students in a room without any cellphones performed

significantly better on the test. Scientists believe the way we attach ourselves to our phones could be the problem.

Smartphones have become to strongly established in society that many people are lost without them. We are now in an

age when many people can’t imagine life without a phone. There is even a name for the anxiety caused by not having

one-monophobia, which is the powerful feeling people get when they don’t have signal, their battery is about to die, or they

are separated from their phones. Their fear of missing out on important information or connections can have a controlling

effect on their lives and can divide their attention from other important things like learning.

So does information technology help or block the way we think In the past, people relied heavily on specific knowledge

and knew how in their circle of friends would be most likely to know things in different subjects. Now, our friend with all the

information is the Internet. Indications are that people don’t remember information as well if they know they can use a

computer of phone to recall it quickly. So it may be more difficult to move information from the Internet into our long-term

memory.

But the impact of being exposed to so much information isn’t all bad. Reports show that frequent Internet use can

strengthen fast-paced problem solving and can speed up the ability to spot patterns in a lot of data.

V. Translation

Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

72.何不利用这宜人的天气出去野餐呢(advantage)

73.当你对情况一知半解时，不要随意发表见解。(knowledge)

74.到底是什么促使你放弃了这么稳定的工作，来到这个偏远地区保护野生动物(it)

75.人工智能正以如此快的速度改变着整个世界，你很难预测未来的生活究竟会是什么样子。(So)

VI. Guided Writing

Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.

假设你是Eric，你的朋友Jason对编程非常感兴趣，打算今年暑假学习这门课程。他选中了某学习机构适合他水平的编程课程，该课程分为网络授课和现场授课两种，对于以哪种形式来上课，他拿捏不定。所以前几天给你发了一封电子邮件，询问你的意见。请你给Jason回信，发表你的意见。你的邮件需包括：

1.比较两种授课方式； 2.分析Jason的情况，表明你认为更适合他的授课方式。

注：文中不得提及你的真实姓名或学校。

上海市崇明区2018届高三二模

Grammar and Vocabulary

22. where 23. without 24. was accused 25. faced

26. have aroused 27. to be hurt 28. Although/Though/While 29. that 30. could

31-35GKABH 36-40 FICEJ

Reading Comprehension

41-45 ADDAD CBBCA 51-55 DCCAD 56-59 ABCC 60-62 ACB 63-66 BCDB 67-70BDE A

Summary writing

Researchers recently found smartphones influenced learning. For one thing, smartphones have become an essential part of

life, without which people feel at a loss, thus distracting their attention from learning. For another, people rely so heavily on

smartphones that their long-term memory can be affected. However, having access to a large amount of information also

benefits people in some aspects (60 words)

Translation

72. Why not take advantage of the agreeable weather ad go out for a picnic

73. When you have a limited/foggy knowledge of the situation, don’t express your opinions casually/randomly.

74. What was it that made you give up such a stable job and come to the remote area to protect wild animals

75. So quickly is artificial intelligence changing the whole world that it is hard for you to predict what life will be like in the

future.