2023年6月27日发(作者：)

Android11开发⼈员在移动设备中的预览代码Today, announced the Android 11 developer preview. It’s 02–20–2020, and I’m starting to write this at 20:20 at night.I’m a big fan of numbers, so I hope this means something good for the Android world.今天，Android宣布了Android 11开发⼈员预览版。 现在是02年20⽉20⽇，我将在晚上20:20开始撰写。 我⾮常喜欢数字，所以我希望这对Android界来说是件好事。The world of mobile technologies is fast-paced and changes in the blink of an eye. Personally, I struggle to keep up with thechanges, even when I work on this every day. The purpose of this piece is to make your life easier. In it, I will answer twoquestions:移动技术的世界⽇新⽉异，瞬息万变。 就个⼈⽽⾔，即使我每天都在努⼒⼯作，我也很难跟上变化。 这件作品的⽬的是使您的⽣活更轻松。 在其中，我将回答两个问题：When is Android 11 being launched?Android 11何时发布？What’s new (and relevant) in this new version?此新版本有哪些新功能(相关)？That’s it, no overhead, not a ton of hours of reading. Because that is what we all need: a quick summary, straight to thepoint.就是这样，没有开销，也没有⼤量的阅读时间。 因为这就是我们所有⼈所需要的：快速总结，直截了当。何时启动Android 11？ (When Is Android 11 Being Launched?)Unfortunately, Android is a bit ambiguous about this. was the following:不幸的是，Android在这⽅⾯有点模棱两可。 如下：“The Android 11 Developer Preview program runs from February 2020 until the final public release to AOSP andOEMs, planned for Q3 2020.”“ Android 11 Developer Preview计划从2020年2⽉开始运⾏，直到计划于2020年第三季度向AOSP和OEM最终发布为⽌。”In the above quote, there are a couple of words that need to be defined:在以上引⽤中，需要定义⼏个词：AOSP — Android Open Source Project. Regarding Android, the concept of open source may be a bit confusing if youdon’t know how it works. Basically, Android is being developed by Google since the initial state and until the publicrelease. After that, anyone can add or contribute to the — Android开放源代码项⽬。 关于Android，如果您不了解开源的概念，那么开源的概念可能会有些混乱。 从最初的状态到公开发布，基本上Google⼀直在开发Android。 之后，任何⼈都可以添加或贡献该项⽬。OEMs — Original equipment manufacturer, that is any of the brands that make Android phones: Samsung, Nokia,Motorola, among many other examples that you can think ofOEM-原始设备制造商，即制造Android⼿机的任何品牌：三星，诺基亚，摩托罗拉，以及您可以想到的许多其他⽰例With those two terms clarified, we now know that the release to users and the general public will be in the third quarter of2020. This means between July and September. If we take a look at what has happened with mobile platforms, Android andiOS, big releases usually happen in September. Below you can see a picture of the timeline established by the Android team.澄清了这两个术语后，我们现在知道向⽤户和公众发布的内容将在2020年第三季度发布。这意味着在7⽉⾄9⽉之间。 如果我们看⼀下移动平台(Android和iOS)的情况，通常会在9⽉发布⼤型版本。 您可以在下⾯看到由Android团队建⽴的时间表的图⽚。Image for postAndroid 11有哪些新功能？ (What’s New in Android 11?)The Android site divides the updates into three categories:Android ⽹站将更新分为三类：Privacy updates隐私更新Features and APIs功能和APIBehavior changes⾏为改变These three points tell us something, but not much. Let’s follow the same order and see what really is behind each one.这三点告诉了我们⼀些，但并不多。 让我们遵循相同的顺序，看看每⼀个背后的真正含义。隐私更新 (Privacy Updates)范围存储 (Scoped storage)The first thing mentioned is

scoped storage. Before, developers could into the external storage of your phone and addwhatever files were needed, without your permission, or possibly delete them without deleting the app.提到的第⼀件事是范围存储 。 以前，开发⼈员可以在未经您允许的情况下写⼊⼿机的外部存储并添加所需的任何⽂件，或者可以在不删除应⽤程序的情况下将其删除。Fixing this means the user can control the phone memory, and avoid clutter and unneeded items. Comparing iPhone andAndroid, one of the biggest advantages of Android is the ability to control your memory and not run out of it. This featurewill make this even better.解决此问题意味着⽤户可以控制⼿机的内存，并避免混乱和不必要的物品。 与iPhone和Android相⽐，Android的最⼤优势之⼀是可以控制内存⽽不会耗尽内存。 此功能将使其变得更好。Image for postPhoto by on( 在 上⼀次性权限 (One-time permissions)Right now, when you authorize an app to access something like your microphone or camera, it’s enabled 24/7 until you goto settings and disable it. If we wanted to go deep into conspiracy theories, you could be authorizing any app to spy all thetime on you (which is not very likely because that would consume all your data and battery).现在，当您授权某个应⽤访问麦克风或摄像头之类的东西时，它将启⽤24/7，直到您转到设置并禁⽤它为⽌。 如果我们想深⼊研究阴谋论，您可能会授权任何应⽤⼀直监视您(这不太可能，因为这会消耗您的所有数据和电池)。With one-time permissions, you can tell your phone that you authorize that app to use something, but only until you or thesystem stops the app.拥有⼀次性权限，您可以告诉您的⼿机您授权该应⽤使⽤某些东西，但是直到您或系统停⽌该应⽤为⽌。后台位置访问 (Background location access)Similar to the point above, up until now, when you authorize an app to use your location, you grant access to both theforeground and the background. Very common examples of the background access are the suggestions Google maps giveto many of us regarding traffic or your destination or it asking whether you are currently at a restaurant. Most of usauthorize Google maps to use the location because otherwise, we wouldn’t get our directions when using the GPS, but thatdoesn’t mean that we want it to be spying on us in the background, does it? With Android 11, you will have control overforeground vs. background location permissions.与上述类似，到⽬前为⽌，当您授权某个应⽤使⽤您的位置信息时，您将同时授予对前景和背景的访问权限。 常见的后台访问⽰例是Google地图向我们许多⼈提供的有关交通或⽬的地的建议，或者询问您当前是否在餐厅的信息。 我们⼤多数⼈都授权Google地图使⽤该位置，因为否则，在使⽤GPS时我们不会得到我们的⽅向，但这并不意味着我们希望它在后台对我们进⾏监视，对吗？ 使⽤Android 11，您可以控制前台位置和后台位置权限。功能和API (Features and APIs)The Features and APIs section is very long, so I will only mention the most important features that could be used in theaverage app.“功能和API”部分⾮常长，因此，我只会提及普通应⽤程序中可以使⽤的最重要的功能。数据访问审核 (Data access auditing)This is an interesting security feature for developers. When developing apps, we use a lot of external libraries. We rarelyknow how they act in the background and most of the time don’t review all the code. I once had an app that was using athird-party library, and it wasn’t until Apple reviewed it when they rejected it that I knew it was recording private user this new feature, developers can audit which data is being collected by the APIs and ensure the privacy of our users.对于开发⼈员来说，这是⼀个有趣的安全功能。 在开发应⽤程序时，我们使⽤许多外部库。 我们很少知道它们在后台的⾏为，并且⼤多数时候不审查所有代码。 我曾经有⼀个使⽤第三⽅库的应⽤程序，直到Apple拒绝该应⽤程序时，他们拒绝了该应⽤程序，我才知道该应⽤程序正在记录私⼈⽤户数据。 借助此新功能，开发⼈员可以审核API正在收集哪些数据，并确保⽤户的隐私。Photo by on在 上 照⽚富媒体快速回复 (Rich media in quick replies)Nowadays, we are all familiar with quick replies, which are the small textboxes in our notifications. We can reply to things likemessages or emails without opening the app. Until now, you could only add text to those replies, but with Android 11 youcan also add images through them. I have my reservations whether this will be useful or easy to use, but we will see.如今，我们都熟悉快速答复，这是通知中的⼩⽂本框。 我们可以在不打开应⽤程序的情况下回复消息或电⼦邮件之类的内容。 到⽬前为⽌，您只能在这些回复中添加⽂本，但是在Android 11中，您还可以通过它们添加图像。 我对这是有⽤还是易于使⽤持保留意见，但是我们会看到的。⽣物特征认证强度 (Biometric authentication strength)Biometric authentication has slowly taken on the smartphone market. We currently have four options to authenticate in thisway: fingerprint, iris, voice, and face recognition. Most people don’t know that sensors have a certain level of low-end brands that want to incorporate biometric sensors use second-hand devices that check with low precision. Inother words, if you look similar to your brother or your mother, a bad facial recognition sensor would recognize them as ifthey were you. With Android 11, developers can choose whether devices with strong or weak levels of security can accesscertain features.⽣物识别⾝份验证在智能⼿机市场上的应⽤⽇渐缓慢。 当前，我们有四个以这种⽅式进⾏⾝份验证的选项：指纹，虹膜，语⾳和⾯部识别。 ⼤多数⼈不知道传感器具有⼀定的安全性。 ⼀些想要整合⽣物识别传感器的低端品牌使⽤⼆⼿设备进⾏低精度检查。 换句话说，如果您看起来与兄弟或母亲相似，那么⾯部识别传感器就会把他们识别为您。 使⽤Android 11，开发⼈员可以选择安全级别⾼或弱的设备是否可以访问某些功能。Image for postPhoto by on在 上 照⽚聊天⽓泡 (Chat bubbles)You probably can identify this feature, introduced by Facebook messenger. It’s now encouraged to be used acrossAndroid. In my opinion, having chat bubbles is a bit annoying, but Android has decided to do this. I don’t think there isanything else to say about them but that you will probably be seeing them much more.您可能可以识别出由Facebook Messenger引⼊的此功能。 现在⿎励在Android上使⽤它。 我认为聊天⽓泡有点令⼈讨厌，但Android已决定这样做。 我认为关于它们没有别的话要说，但是您可能会看到更多。Image for postPhoto by on在 上的⾏为改变 (Behavior Changes)For the last part of the documentation, Android repeats the same once again: permissions, app location, and storage. Iwon’t be repeating that as we already talked about it.对于⽂档的最后⼀部分，Android再次重复相同的操作：权限，应⽤程序位置和存储。 正如我们已经讨论过的那样，我将不再重复。结语 (Wrapping Up)In summary, Android 11 developer is mostly about security, which is a great thing to have. We are slowly learning as asociety how important data privacy is. It is important for companies like Android, who own operating systems where weinput all our personal data, to be responsible about it. What do you think?总⽽⾔之，Android 11开发⼈员预览版主要涉及安全性，这是⼀件很棒的事情。 作为⼀个社会，我们正在慢慢学习数据隐私的重要性。 对于像Android这样的公司很重要，这些公司拥有要在其中输⼊所有个⼈数据的操作系统，对此我们负责。 你怎么看？Until next time!直到下⼀次！